Search results for "Nile"

Advances in immunopathogenesis of macrophage activation syndrome during rheumatic inflammatory diseases: toward new therapeutic targets?

2017

Introduction: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a severe, hyperinflammatory life-threatening syndrome, generally complicating different rheumatic diseases. Despite the severity of the disease, little is known about the pathogenic mechanisms and, thus, possible targeted therapies in the management of these patients. Areas covered: In this review, we aimed to update the current pathogenic knowledge of MAS, during rheumatic diseases, focusing mainly on immunologic abnormalities and on new possible therapeutic strategies. Expert commentary: The difficult pathogenic scenario of MAS, in which genetic defects, predisposing diseases, and triggers are mixed together with the high mortality rat…

Alterità nell'alterità nella Grecia antica. Lamia e le sue compagne

2006

La cultura greca esprime un'attenzione enfatica al problema dell'alterità. Se la differenza di genere costituisce una frontiera invalicabile, rendendo il femminile (insieme con il barbaro) terreno preferenziale di rappresentazione dell'"altro", tanto più questa alterità subisce un'accelerazione quando al femminile si associa il "mostruoso". Non è infatti un caso se nella cultura della Grecia antica il folklore e i racconti per l'infanzia prediligono i mostri femminili, dediti al cannibalismo e soprattutto all'uccisione di bambini e di adolescenti.

Monoclonal antibodies recognizing larval- and pupal-specific cuticular proteins of Tenebrio molitor (Insecta, Coleoptera)

1993

To study the sequential expression of insect epidermal cells during metamorphosis, a library of monoclonal antibodies (MABs) was prepared against the water-soluble proteins from preecdysial pupal cuticle of Tenebrio molitor. Six selected MABs recognizing only larval and pupal cuticular proteins (CPs) in immunoblot analysis were classified into three types. Type 1 recognized a 21.5 and a 22 kDa polypeptide, type 2, a 26 kDa polypeptide, and type 3, three polypeptides of 18.5, 19.5 and 21.5 kDa. They did not immunoreact with any protein of fat bodies or haemolymph from pharate pupae, suggesting that the antigens originate from the epidermis. The stage-specificity was confirmed by electron mic…

Development of the wing discs of Zophobas atratus under natural and experimental conditions: occurrence of a gradual larval-pupal commitment in the e…

1999

Using light and electron microscopy, we studied the development of the wing discs in the large beetle Zophobas atratus, under natural and experimental conditions. A reversible differentiation of the wing discs is usually observed during supernumerary instars of crowded larvae. Juvenile hormone analog (JHA) application during the wandering period or compelled experimental crowding during the larval-pupal switchover – or commitment – inhibits the onset of metamorphosis. Isolation, followed by recrowding, also induces the disc cells to secrete unusual cuticular material. Recrowding is able to trigger the reversal of metamorphosis during the 4-day period when larval-pupal commitment is taking p…

Notch and Numb are required for normal migration of peripheral glia in Drosophila

2006

Abstract A prominent feature of glial cells is their ability to migrate along axons to finally wrap and insulate them. In the embryonic Drosophila PNS, most glial cells are born in the CNS and have to migrate to reach their final destinations. To understand how migration of the peripheral glia is regulated, we have conducted a genetic screen looking for mutants that disrupt the normal glial pattern. Here we present an analysis of two of these mutants: Notch and numb. Complete loss of Notch function leads to an increase in the number of glial cells. Embryos hemizygous for the weak NotchB-8X allele display an irregular migration phenotype and mutant glial cells show an increased formation of …

Developmental profiles of epidermal mRNAs during the pupal-adult molt of Tenebrio molitor and isolation of a cDNA clone encoding an adult cuticular p…

1992

0012-1606 (Print) Journal Article; Changes in translatable mRNAs from the wing epidermis of the Coleoptera Tenebrio molitor have been investigated during metamorphosis by analysis of in vitro translated products. Striking differences between the patterns obtained from mRNAs extracted during pupal and adult cuticle secretion indicated that a drastic change in gene expression occurs during the pupal-adult transition. In addition to these stage-specific modifications, the mRNA patterns changed within each cuticular synthesis program (pupal or adult), especially at ecdysis. After tritiated leucine incorporation, some of the major radiolabeled cuticular proteins showed similar changes suggesting…

Acetylcholinesterase activity in juvenileCiona intestinalis(Ascidiacea, Urochordata) after exposure to tributyltin

2012

The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity has been studied in 4-day post-fertilization juveniles of Ciona intestinalis exposed to tributyltin (TBT) at 10-5 M using the histochemical method of Karnovsky and Roots. Relative to vertebrate tissues and organs, the development of adult form of ascidians is interesting, because the analysis of many nuclear genes indicated that the ascidians are the closest living relatives of the vertebrates. Therefore, toxicity research using different approaches could provide data for comparative studies with vertebrates. AChE is over-expressed under chemical stress and in some diseases of vertebrates. Therefore, AChE is considered a biomarker of environmental co…

Autenttisuus ja sen representaatiot Rumban, Rytmin ja Soundin levyarvosteluissa

2004

Parasite-induced aggression and impaired contest ability in a fish host

2010

Abstract Background Success of trophically transmitted parasites depends to a great extent on their ability to manipulate their intermediate hosts in a way that makes them easier prey for target hosts. Parasite-induced behavioural changes are the most spectacular and diverse examples of manipulation. Most of the studies have been focused on individual behaviour of hosts including fish. We suggest that agonistic interactions and territoriality in fish hosts may affect their vulnerability to predators and thus the transmission efficiency of trophically transmitted parasites. The parasite Diplostomum spathaceum (Trematoda) and juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were used to study whe…

Development and validation of a bioenergetics model for juvenile and adult burbot

2003

Oxygen consumption of juvenile and adult burbot Lota Iota was measured in an intermittent-flow respirometer to determine the effect of temperature and fish body mass on metabolic rate. These results were combined with data from earlier experiments and the 'Wisconsin bioenergetics' model was constructed. The model was validated under laboratory conditions by comparing observed and predicted food consumption and growth of burbot fed on dead vendace Coregonus albula. There was a good correspondence between observed and estimated growth and food consumption under experimental conditions: the mean absolute per cent errors of growth and food consumption were 4.8 and 24.0%. Estimated values with t…