Search results for "Nitrotyrosine"
showing 6 items of 36 documents
Reductive modification of genetically encoded 3-nitrotyrosine sites in alpha synuclein expressed in E.coli
2019
Tyrosine nitration is a post-translational protein modification relevant to various pathophysiological processes. Chemical nitration procedures have been used to generate and study nitrated proteins, but these methods regularly lead to modifications at other amino acid residues. A novel strategy employs a genetic code modification that allows incorporation of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) during ribosomal protein synthesis to generate a recombinant protein with defined 3-NT-sites, in the absence of other post-translational modifications. This approach was applied to study the generation and stability of the 3-NT moiety in recombinant proteins produced in E.coli. Nitrated alpha-synuclein (ASYN) was…
Sjøgren's syndrome-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction: Prospects for chemoprevention trials
2012
An involvement of oxidative stress (OS) was found in recent studies of Sjøgren's syndrome (SS) that reported significant changes in protein oxidation, myeloperoxidase activity, TNF-α, nitrotyrosine, and GSH levels in plasma from SS patients. Excess levels of OS markers, as oxidative DNA damage and propanoyl-lysine, were reported in saliva from SS patients. Previous reports concurred with a role of OS in SS pathogenesis, by showing a decreased expression of antioxidant activities in conjunctival epithelial cells of SS patients and in parotid gland tissue samples from SS patients. A link between OS and mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) is recognized both on the grounds of the established role o…
Endothelial Function and Arterial Stiffness in Uncomplicated Type 1 Diabetes and Healthy Controls and the Impact of Insulin on These Parameters durin…
2007
BACKGROUND In addition to its role in glucose metabolism, insulin has shown to exert numerous vascular effects, and an impaired vascular function of insulin is assumed to be a major contributor in the development of vascular complications. Arterial augmentation (AP) and the augmentation index (Aix) are surrogate parameters of arterial stiffness and are commonly used as predictors for cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of insulin on arterial stiffness and parameters of endothelial function in patients with type 1 diabetes and healthy control subjects. METHODS Fourteen patients with type 1 diabetes (six male, eight female) with a mean age of 36.6 +/- 11.8 …
Oxidative stress induces myeloperoxidase expression in endocardial endothelial cells from patients with chronic heart failure.
2009
Increased oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of cardiovascular diseases. Recent findings suggest that myeloperoxidase (MPO) may play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of chronic heart failure (CHF) by contributing to the depletion of the intracellular reservoir of nitric oxide (NO). NO consumption through MPO activity may lead to protein chlorination or nitration, leading to tissue damage. Primary cultures of human endocardial endothelial cells (EEC) obtained at heart transplantation of patients with CHF and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were subjected to oxidative stress by incubation with hydrogen peroxide at non lethal (60 mic…
Increased nitrotyrosine plasma levels in relation to systemic markers of inflammation and myeloperoxidase in chronic heart failure
2009
The presence of a reciprocal link between inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress has been postulated in chronic heart failure (CHF). We aimed to determine signs of nitrosative stress in serum/plasma of CHF patients. ELISA tests were used for quantification of serum/plasma levels of Nitrotyrosine (NT), H(2)O(2), total NO, nitrite (NO(2)(-)), myeloperoxidase (MPO), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (proBNP) in 66 CHF patients (9 in NYHA I, 34 NYHA II, 23 NYHA III) and in 14 age-matched healthy subjects. NT levels were higher in NYHA III CHF patients compared to NYHA II (p<0.05), NYHA I (p<0.03) and controls (p<0.02), whereas NO(2)(-) and total NO …
Role of the NF-kB pathway and nitric oxide in mammary gland involution after weaning. Implications in breast cancer
2013
INTRODUCCIÓN La glándula mamaria es un órgano dinámico que alcanza su máximo desarrollo funcional con la lactancia, momento en el cual, a través de la producción de leche, aporta nutrientes y protección inmunológica a las crías de los mamíferos. Cuando la lactancia finaliza con el destete, el exceso de tejido glandular debe desaparecer y la glándula sufre una extensa remodelación hasta alcanzar nuevamente un estado pre-gestacional, preparada para un nuevo ciclo. La involución del tejido mamario es un proceso complejo durante el cual se suceden de forma coordinada una serie de eventos como la muerte de las células epiteliales secretoras, la proliferación de tejido adiposo circundante y la re…