Search results for "Nod"

Extra-nodal extension is an important prognostic parameter for both colonic and rectal cancer.

2016

Significance of the prognostic stratification of extranodal extension in colorectal cancer

2016

Liquid Biopsy in Breast Cancer

2017

Breast cancer (BC) to date remains the most common cancer in women. Nowadays, BC is often diagnosed at local disease stage, and, after surgery, based on individual’s risk of relapse, the patients undergo adjuvant systemic treatment to decrease the risk of recurrence. Current BC classification and assessment remain strongly based on clinicopathological criteria, including patient age, tumor size, lymph node invasion, histological type, and grade. According to standard practice, the choice of treatment strategy includes assays for estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR) receptor expression levels, overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2), or amplification status of the …

Melanoma of unknown primary: New perspectives for an old story

2021

Melanoma of unknown primary site (MUP) comprises 3-4 % of all melanomas. It mostly presents in lymph nodes (LNs), followed by subcutaneous sites, and visceral organs; nevertheless, there is a trend of increase in the relative incidence of visceral counterpart in recent years. Spontaneous regression of the primary lesion is a well-established theory, based on the evidence that melanoma can undergo regression at the primary site. MUP and stage-matched melanoma of known primary site (MKP) share similar prognostic factors. The survival rate of patients with MUP has been compared to those with stage-matched MKP. Multiple studies conducted before the era of novel therapy with immune checkpoint or…

Gene Expression (mRNA) Markers for Differentiating between Malignant and Benign Follicular Thyroid Tumours

2017

Distinguishing between follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) and follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) constitutes a long-standing diagnostic problem resulting in equivocal histopathological diagnoses. There is therefore a need for additional molecular markers. To identify molecular differences between FTC and FTA, we analyzed the gene expression microarray data of 52 follicular neoplasms. We also performed a meta-analysis involving 14 studies employing high throughput methods (365 follicular neoplasms analyzed). Based on these two analyses, we selected 18 genes differentially expressed between FTA and FTC. We validated them by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in an independe…

Histologic transformation to diffuse large B cell lymphoma with profuse signet-ring cell change in bone marrow and lymph node biopsies in a patient w…

2016

Plasmablastic lymphoma as a manifestation of the human immunodeficiency virus: Case report

2020

Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which generally presents an aggressive clinical course and low survival rates. It is strongly associated with HIV infection and the most common site of involvement of the territory of the head and neck is Waldeyer’s lymphatic ring, followed by the gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes and skin. The morphological characteristics of PBL in the oral cavity / jaw in the context of HIV infection show diffuse sheets of large immunoblastic cells with abundant cytoplasm, vesicular chromatin and prominent nucleus, a small located in the center with plasma cells differentiation. The main goal of this article is to review the literature…

NF1 microdeletion syndrome: case report of two new patients

2019

Abstract Background 17q11.2 microdeletions, which include the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene region, are responsible for the NF1 microdeletion syndrome, observed in 4.2% of all NF1 patients. Large deletions of the NF1 gene and its flanking regions are associated with a more severe NF1 phenotype than the NF1 general population. Case presentation We hereby describe the clinical and molecular features of two girls (aged 2 and 4 years, respectively), with non-mosaic atypical deletions. Patient 1 showed fifteen café-au-lait spots and axillary freckling, as well as a Lisch nodule in the left eye, strabismus, high-arched palate, malocclusion, severe kyphoscoliosis, bilateral calcaneovalgus fo…

Lymphatic Endothelial Cells Control Initiation of Lymph Node Organogenesis

2017

Lymph nodes (LNs) are strategically situated throughout the body at junctures of the blood vascular and lymphatic systems to direct immune responses against antigens draining from peripheral tissues. The current paradigm describes LN development as a programmed process that is governed through the interaction between mesenchymal lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) cells and hematopoietic lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells. Using cell-type-specific ablation of key molecules involved in lymphoid organogenesis, we found that initiation of LN development is dependent on LTi-cell-mediated activation of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and that engagement of mesenchymal stromal cells is a succeedi…

MiR-675-5p supports hypoxia induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colon cancer cells

2017

// Viviana Costa 1, * , Alessia Lo Dico 2, * , Aroldo Rizzo 3 , Francesca Rajata 3 , Marco Tripodi 4, 5 , Riccardo Alessandro 6, 7, * , Alice Conigliaro 4, * 1 Innovative Technological Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Palermo, Italy 2 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy 3 Unita Operativa di Anatomia Patologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti “Villa Sofia-Cervello”, Palermo, Italy 4 Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy 5 National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy 6 Dipartimen…