Search results for "Nonsteroidal"

Chemistry, Pharmacodynamics, and Pharmacokinetics of NSAIDs

2016

Numerous chemically different entities are clustered under the label of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). They share the ability to inhibit prostanoid synthesis by blocking the activity of the cyclooxygenase enzymes and, as a consequence, to exert anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. On the other hand, by hindering the housekeeping roles of prostaglandins, they also deteriorate the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier and the renal and endothelial hemodynamic regulation. The present chapter compiles available pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data that may help to understand the different therapeutic profiles reported for particular agents.

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Derived Aβ42-Lowering Molecules for Treatment and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (AD)

2007

Drug-induced oral lichenoid reactions: a literature review

2010

The terms oral lichenoid reactions or oral lichenoid lesions refer to lesions histologically and clinically similar to oral lichen planus, though with the particularity that in these cases the underlying cause is identifiable. In addition, these lesions are described according to the causal factor involved, including alterations resulting from direct contact with dental restoration materials, drug-related lesions, and lesions associated to graft-versus-host disease. Drug-induced oral lichenoid reactions or oral lichenoid lesions were first cited in 1971 by Almeyda and Levantine. Since then, many drug substances have been associated with such lesions. The most common agents are nonsteroidal …

Occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, perfluorinated compounds, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in freshwater mussels from Latvia.

2018

Abstract The occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), perfluorinated compounds (PFC), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in Latvian freshwater ecosystems was evaluated by using filter-feeding mussels as bioindicators. Twenty four samples of mussels were collected from freshwater bodies throughout the territory of Latvia during the summer of 2017. PBDE contamination was ubiquitous, reaching the highest total concentration of 193.2 pg g−1 w.w. BDE-209 was the most abundant compound, followed by penta-BDE components BDE-49, -100, −99, −153, −154, and −47 in decreasing order. The levels of PFCs in Latvian mussels were generally lower than those reported from other regi…

Management of hand osteoarthritis: from an US evidence-based medicine guideline to a European patient-centric approach.

2022

© Crown 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the per…

Gamma-secretase modulation with Abeta42-lowering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and derived compounds.

2006

The amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides and specifically the highly amyloidogenic isoform Abeta42 appear to be key agents in the pathogenesis of familial and sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The final step in the generation of Abeta from the amyloid precursor protein is catalyzed by the multiprotein complex gamma-secretase, which constitutes a prime drug target for prevention and therapy of the disease. However, highly potent gamma-secretase inhibitors that block formation of all Abeta peptides have provoked troubling side effects in preclinical animal models of AD. This toxicity can be readily explained by the promiscuous substrate specificity of gamma-secretase and its essential role…

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of nonsteroidal cycloalkane[d]isoxazole-containing androgen receptor modulators.

2012

We report here the design, preparation, and systematic evaluation of a novel cycloalkane[d]isoxazole pharmacophoric fragment-containing androgen receptor (AR) modulators. Cycloalkane[d]isoxazoles form new core structures that interact with the hydrophobic region of the AR ligand-binding domain. To systematize and rationalize the structure-activity relationship of the new fragment, we used molecular modeling to design a molecular library containing over 40 cycloalkane[d]isoxazole derivatives. The most potent compound, 4-(3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrobenzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile (6a), exhibits antiandrogenic activity significantly greater than that of the most widely used …

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with topical NSAID therapy to manage cystoid macular edema in a case of gyrate atrophy

2017

Purpose Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina (GACR) is a rare chorioretinal dystrophy characterized by a deficiency of the enzyme ornithine aminotransferase, inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Case Report We report a case of a 17-year-old girl with GACR, for whom the level of serum ornithine had been reduced by an arginine-restricted diet. The patient was responsive to an association of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) to reduce cystoid macular edema (CME). Conclusions The efficacy of topical NSAIDs and systemic CAI association indicates that the imbalance in the distribution of retinal pigment epithelium membrane-b…

Trends in gastrointestinal bleeding in the Region of Valencia (2000-2005). Relationship to sales of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acid sup…

2011

Objective: To describe 2000-2005 time trends of prescription for NSAIDs, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and hospital admissions for gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Methods: Time series analysis of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding admission and drugs’ Defined Daily Dose per 1000 people per day (DDD/1000/day) in the Region of Valencia, Spain, from January 2000 to December 2005. Results: Dispensation of NSAIDs went from 42.7 DDD/1000 people/day in 2000 to 58.3 DDD/1000 people/day in 2005. During the same period, dispensation of PPIs went from 26.3 DDD/1000 people/day to 68.5 DDD/1000 people/day (both are statistically significant). The rate of hospitalisations for gastrointestinal bleeding during…

Pediatric Recurrent Pericarditis: Appropriateness of the Standard of Care and Response to IL-1 Blockade

2022

Objective: To analyze, in a cohort of pediatric patients with recurrent pericarditis undergoing anti-interleukin (IL)-1 treatment: the agent and dosing used as first-line treatment, the long-term efficacy of IL-1 blockers, the percentage of patients achieving a drug-free remission, and the presence of variables associated with drug-free remission. Study design: Data were collected from patients' charts. The annualized relapse rate (ARR) was used for evaluation of treatment efficacy, and bivariate logistic regression analysis was used for variables associated with drug-free remission. Results: Fifty-eight patients, treated between 2008 and 2018, were included in the study (mean follow-up. 2.…