Search results for "Normal"

showing 10 items of 2571 documents

Microplastics in the global aquatic environment: Analysis, effects, remediation and policy solutions

2019

This opinion paper reports on Microplastics (MPs) pollution in the aquatic environment. MPs are a global problem being detected everywhere: marine environment, wastewaters, surface waters, soils, sediments, food and air. MPs can also absorb organic contaminants, and can be ingested by organisms and introduced into the food web. MPs can be a vector as well of pathogens whereas airborne fibrous MPs may enter our respiratory system with risk to the environment and humans. Main issues and gaps related to MPs on-going and future research are highlighted: chemical analysis, fate in wastewater and drinking water treatment plants, environmental and human health effects as well as remediation strate…

Pollutioncongenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesMicroplasticsEnvironmental remediationMicroplasticsmedia_common.quotation_subjectRemediation and policy02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesEnvironmental protectionChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)Chemical analysisskin and connective tissue diseasesWater treatment plantsWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesmedia_commonProcess Chemistry and Technologyfunginutritional and metabolic diseasesContamination021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPollutionFood webHuman health effectsWastewaterRisk to the environmentAquatic environmentEnvironmental scienceWater treatment0210 nano-technologyJournal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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Chiral corrections to the SU(2) x SU(2) Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation

2010

The next to leading order chiral corrections to the SU(2) x SU(2) Gell-Mann-Oakes- Renner (GMOR) relation are obtained using the pseudoscalar correlator to five-loop order in perturbative QCD, together with new finite energy sum rules (FESR) incorporating polynomial, Legendre type, integration kernels. The purpose of these kernels is to suppress hadronic contributions in the region where they are least known. This reduces considerably the systematic uncertainties arising from the lack of direct experimental information on the hadronic resonance spectral function. Three different methods are used to compute the FESR contour integral in the complex energy (squared) s-plane, i.e. Fixed Order P…

Polynomial (hyperelastic model)PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsQCD sum rulesParticle physicsChiral perturbation theoryHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaOrder (ring theory)Perturbative QCDType (model theory)RenormalizationHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSpecial unitary group
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Benchmarking parameter-free AMaLGaM on functions with and without noise.

2013

We describe a parameter-free estimation-of-distribution algorithm (EDA) called the adapted maximum-likelihood Gaussian model iterated density-estimation evolutionary algorithm (AMaLGaM-ID[Formula: see text]A, or AMaLGaM for short) for numerical optimization. AMaLGaM is benchmarked within the 2009 black box optimization benchmarking (BBOB) framework and compared to a variant with incremental model building (iAMaLGaM). We study the implications of factorizing the covariance matrix in the Gaussian distribution, to use only a few or no covariances. Further, AMaLGaM and iAMaLGaM are also evaluated on the noisy BBOB problems and we assess how well multiple evaluations per solution can average ou…

PolynomialMathematical optimizationLikelihood FunctionsCovariance matrixGaussianEvolutionary algorithmNormal DistributionComputational BiologyComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeNoiseEstimation of distribution algorithmArtificial IntelligenceBlack boxsymbolsIncremental build modelComputer SimulationAlgorithmsSoftwareMathematicsEvolutionary computation
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Is Podemos a Populist Party? an Analysis of Its Discourse and Political Strategy

2021

On the basis of a thick qualitative study of Podemos’ political communication and strategy since its emergence in the Spanish party system in 2014, this article asks to what extent can it be characterized as a “populist party.” It shows that a populist discourse and strategy has been theorized and used by Pablo Iglesias and the party leaders to “dichotomize” the Spanish political space and allow the emergence of a new political alternative. However, while radical critiques against the elites, the political and economic systems have been activated, Podemos’ discourses and propositions have evolved through its institutionalization process. Thus, Podemos illustrates a typical case of protest p…

PopulismPoliticsInstitutionalisationPolitical sciencePolitical economyNormalization (sociology)Political strategyPolitical communicationSpace (commercial competition)
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Functionally relevant electric-field induced perturbations of the prosthetic group of yeast ferrocytochrome c mutants obtained from a vibronic analys…

2006

We have measured the low temperature (T = 20 K) absorption spectra of the N52A, N52V, N52I, Y67F, and N52AY67F mutants of ferrous Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) cytochrome c. All the bands in the Q0- and Q(v)-band region are split, and the intensity distributions among the split bands are highly asymmetric. The spectra were analyzed by a decomposition into Voigtian profiles. The spectral parameters thus obtained were further analyzed in terms of the vibronic coupling model of Schweitzer-Stenner and Bigman (Schweitzer-Stenner, R.; Bigman, D. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 7064-7073) to identify parameters related to electronic and vibronic perturbations of the heme macrocycle. We report th…

Porphyrinsporphyrin coreAbsorption spectroscopyCytochromebiologyChemistrySpectrum AnalysisCytochromes cSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMolecular physicsSpectral lineSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCold Temperaturechemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsVibronic couplingnickelElectricityNormal modeElectric fieldMaterials Chemistrybiology.proteinPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsHemeThe journal of physical chemistry. B
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Use of a running coupling in the NLO calculation of forward hadron production

2018

We address and solve a puzzle raised by a recent calculation [1] of the cross-section for particle production in proton-nucleus collisions to next-to-leading order: the numerical results show an un- reasonably large dependence upon the choice of a prescription for the QCD running coupling, which spoils the predictive power of the calculation. Specifically, the results obtained with a prescription formulated in the transverse coordinate space differ by one to two orders of magnitude from those obtained with a prescription in momentum space. We show that this discrepancy is an artefact of the interplay between the asymptotic freedom of QCD and the Fourier transform from coordinate space to mo…

Position and momentum spaceQCD EVOLUTION01 natural sciencesAsymptotic freedomquantum chromodynamics: correctionhard scatteringHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)coupling constant: energy dependencestrong interaction: coupling constantEQUATIONkvanttifysiikkaComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsQUARKhigher-order: 1nuclear physicssddc:12.39.StHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology12.38.Bxsymbolsydinfysiikkahadron: forward productionFOS: Physical sciences114 Physical sciencesRENORMALIZATION-GROUP12.38.Cysymbols.namesakeCross section (physics)Theoretical physicsquantum chromodynamics0103 physical sciencessirontarelativistic heavy-ion collisionCoordinate spacenumerical calculations010306 general physicsp nucleus: scatteringcorrection: higher-orderCouplingta114010308 nuclear & particles physics25.75.-qCOLOR GLASS CONDENSATENONLINEAR GLUON EVOLUTIONRenormalization groupFourier transformasymptotic freedom[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph][ PHYS.HPHE ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Physical Review D
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Regularization of perturbed state-dependent sweeping processes with nonregular sets

2018

International audience; In this paper, we prove the convergence strongly pointwisely (up to a subsequence) of Moreau-Yosida regularization of perturbed state-dependent sweeping process with nonregular (subsmooth and positively alpha-far) sets in separable Hilbert spaces. Some relevant consequences are indicated.

Positively alpha-far sets[MATH.MATH-GM]Mathematics [math]/General Mathematics [math.GM]MSC: 34A60 49J52 34G25 49J53Moreau-Yosida regularizationDifferential inclusions[MATH.MATH-GM] Mathematics [math]/General Mathematics [math.GM]Subsmooth setsSweeping processClarke normal cone
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Weyers acrodental dysostosis in a family.

1984

A four generation family with postaxial polydactyly of hands and feet and dental anomalies is reported. Lower and upper incisors were abnormal in shape and number. Additional findings were prominent ear anthelices, hypoplastic and dysplastic nails and mild shortness of stature. Inheritance was dominant with variable expression. It is proposed that the family presents the syndrome of acrofacial dysostosis described by Weyers in 1952. To differentiate it from other acrofacial dysostoses, we suggest naming the condition acrodental dysostosis.

Postaxial polydactylyMaleDental anomaliesNail dysplasiaWeyers acrodental dysostosisbusiness.industryTooth AbnormalitiesDysostosisAnatomyToesmedicine.diseaseDysostosesPedigreeVariable ExpressionFingersDysplastic nailsGeneticsmedicineHumansAbnormalities MultipleFemalebusinessChildGenetics (clinical)Clinical genetics
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Newborns with an impairment: discourses of hospital staff.

2007

The birth of a baby with an impairment goes against dominant cultural ideals about a happy event. Therefore, the interaction between professionals and parents is particularly important, from the hospital maternity ward to the home. In this article, the author examines both the representations of neonatal impairments constructed by professionals and the consequent subject positions for these babies with impairments. The study is based on interview data collected among 19 staff members of one Finnish county hospital. The author analyzed the data by means of qualitative discourse analysis and concludes that it would be important for health care professionals to provide many-sided elements for…

Postnatal Care030504 nursingbusiness.industryDiscourse analysisCommunication05 social sciencesPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthSubject (philosophy)Infant Newborn050401 social sciences methodsInterview dataCongenital AbnormalitiesPersonnel Hospital03 medical and health sciences0504 sociologyNursingProfessional-Family RelationsHealth careMedicineHumansFemale0305 other medical sciencebusinessFinlandQualitative ResearchQualitative health research
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Failure analysis of normally-off GaN HEMTs under avalanche conditions

2020

Gallium nitride (GaN) high electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) are promising devices in the power electronics field owing to their wide bandgap (WBG). However, all the potential advantages provided by their WBG require reliability improvement. In industrial applications, robustness is one of the main factors considered by circuit designers. This study focuses on the observation of the degradation behavior of the main waveforms of unclamped inductive-switching (UIS) test circuits of two different commercial GaN HEMT structures. The relevance of this study lies in the potential applications of these devices to high-voltage applications and automotive systems where they are subjected to many…

Power HEMTMaterials scienceIII-V semiconductorswide band gap semiconductorsbusiness.industryoutagesion beamsNormally offCondensed Matter Physicshigh electron mobility transistorsAvalanche breakdownElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMaterials ChemistryOptoelectronicsimpact ionizationElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusinessgallium nitride
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