Search results for "Normalization"
showing 10 items of 632 documents
Extraordinarily White: The De/Spectacularization of the Albinotic Body and the Normalization of Its Audience
2018
This chapter discusses three cultural institutions–freak show, art photography and fashion modelling–and the respective figures they produced by presenting albinotic bodies. How are bodily deviance and norm negotiated in these cases of structured seeing? Spectacularizing the ‘albino freak’ as a categorical in-between phenomenon, the freak show drew a sharp distinction between the extraordinary figure on stage and its audience while bestowing the latter with normality. On the other hand, Rick Guidotti’s photographic activism invoking ‘positive exposure’ personalizes albinotic subjects and thus partly breaks down the differentiation between deviant other and normal spectator. Finally, in the …
Renormalization and Knot Theory
1997
We investigate to what extent renormalization can be understood as an algebraic manipulation on concatenated one-loop integrals. We find that the resulting algebra indicates a useful connection to knot theory as well as number theory and report on recent results in support of this connection.
Reconstruction of inclined air showers detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory
2014
We describe the method devised to reconstruct inclined cosmic-ray air showers with zenith angles greater than $60^\circ$ detected with the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The measured signals at the ground level are fitted to muon density distributions predicted with atmospheric cascade models to obtain the relative shower size as an overall normalization parameter. The method is evaluated using simulated showers to test its performance. The energy of the cosmic rays is calibrated using a sub-sample of events reconstructed with both the fluorescence and surface array techniques. The reconstruction method described here provides the basis of complementary analyses including an…
Unconventional phases of attractive Fermi gases in synthetic Hall ribbons
2017
An innovative way to produce quantum Hall ribbons in a cold atomic system is to use M hyperfine states of atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice to mimic an additional "synthetic dimension." A notable aspect here is that the SU(M) symmetric interaction between atoms manifests as "infinite ranged" along the synthetic dimension. We study the many-body physics of fermions with SU(M) symmetric attractive interactions in this system using a combination of analytical field theoretic and numerical density-matrix renormalization-group methods. We uncover the rich ground-state phase diagram of the system, including unconventional phases such as squished baryon fluids, shedding light on many-body…
Categorization of Extremely Brief Auditory Stimuli: Domain-Specific or Domain-General Processes?
2011
The present study investigated the minimum amount of auditory stimulation that allows differentiation of spoken voices, instrumental music, and environmental sounds. Three new findings were reported. 1) All stimuli were categorized above chance level with 50 ms-segments. 2) When a peak-level normalization was applied, music and voices started to be accurately categorized with 20 ms-segments. When the root-mean-square (RMS) energy of the stimuli was equalized, voice stimuli were better recognized than music and environmental sounds. 3) Further psychoacoustical analyses suggest that the categorization of extremely brief auditory stimuli depends on the variability of their spectral envelope in…
Including theΔ(1232)resonance in baryon chiral perturbation theory
2005
Baryon chiral perturbation theory with explicit $\ensuremath{\Delta}(1232)$ degrees of freedom is considered. The most general interactions of pions, nucleons, and \ensuremath{\Delta} consistent with all underlying symmetries as well as with the constraint structure of higher-spin fields are constructed. By use of the extended on-mass-shell renormalization scheme, a manifestly Lorentz-invariant effective-field theory with a systematic power counting is obtained. As applications, we discuss the mass of the nucleon, the pion-nucleon \ensuremath{\sigma} term, and the pole of the \ensuremath{\Delta} propagator.
Concentration and energy fluctuations in a critical polymer mixture
1995
A semi-grand-canonical Monte Carlo algorithm is employed in conjunction with the bond fluctuation model to investigate the critical properties of an asymmetric binary (AB) polymer mixture. By applying the equal peak-weight criterion to the concentration distribution, the coexistence curve separating the A-rich and B-rich phases is identified as a function of temperature and chemical potential. To locate the critical point of the model, the cumulant intersection method is used. The accuracy of this approach for determining the critical parameters of fluids is assessed. Attention is then focused on the joint distribution function of the critical concentration and energy, which is analysed usi…
Phase separation of symmetrical polymer mixtures in thin-film geometry
1995
Monte Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model of symmetrical polymer blends confined between two “neutral” repulsive walls are presented for chain lengthNA=NB=32 and a wide range of film thicknessD (fromD=8 toD=48 in units of the lattice spacing). The critical temperaturesTc(D) of unmixing are located by finite-size scaling methods, and it is shown that\(T_c (\infty ) - T_c (D) \propto D^{ - {1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 {v_3 }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {v_3 }}} \), wherev3≈0.63 is the correlation length exponent of the three-dimensional Ising model universality class. Contrary to this result, it is argued that the critical behavior of the films is ruled by two-dimensi…
Probing the bond order wave phase transitions of the ionic Hubbard model by superlattice modulation spectroscopy
2017
An exotic phase, the bond order wave, characterized by the spontaneous dimerization of the hopping, has been predicted to exist sandwiched between the band and Mott insulators in systems described by the ionic Hubbard model. Despite growing theoretical evidences, this phase still evades experimental detection. Given the recent realization of the ionic Hubbard model in ultracold atomic gases, we propose here to detect the bond order wave using superlattice modulation spectroscopy. We demonstrate, with the help of time-dependent density-matrix renormalization group and bosonization, that this spectroscopic approach reveals characteristics of both the Ising and Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions …
Accessing finite momentum excitations of the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model using superlattice modulation spectroscopy
2018
We investigate the response to superlattice modulation of a bosonic quantum gas confined to arrays of tubes emulating the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model. We demonstrate, using both time-dependent density matrix renormalization group and linear response theory, that such a superlattice modulation gives access to the excitation spectrum of the Bose-Hubbard model at finite momenta. Deep in the Mott-insulator, the response is characterized by a narrow energy absorption peak at a frequency approximately corresponding to the onsite interaction strength between bosons. This spectroscopic technique thus allows for an accurate measurement of the effective value of the interaction strength. On th…