Search results for "Note"

showing 10 items of 10709 documents

Human artificial membranes in (bio)analytical science: Potential for in vitro prediction of intestinal absorption-A review

2021

Abstract Artificial membranes for investigation of the human absorption (oral, dermal or respiratory) of target organic compounds are aimed at mimicking the interactions occurring at and within the cell lipid membrane. Biomolecules such as proteins are also integral components of the lipid membranes and play a pivotal role towards understanding the complex mechanisms of human absorption. In this review, we will differentiate biomimetic platforms based on static (batchwise) and dynamic modes. In the former, a synthetic membrane placed between two phases (donor and acceptor) mimics a given biological system to study permeability. Parallel artificial membrane permeation assays are the most com…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAbsorption (pharmacology)BioanalysisMembraneChemistryBiomoleculeSynthetic membraneNanotechnologyPermeationLipid bilayerSpectroscopyIntestinal absorptionAnalytical ChemistryTrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry
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Mucoadhesive Polymer Hyaluronan as Biodegradable Cationic/Zwitterionic-Drug Delivery Vehicle

2014

Mucoadhesive polymers in pharmaceutical formulations release drugs in mucosal areas. They interact and fix to mucus via molecular interpenetration, etc ., which increase drug bioavailability. Polymers physicochemical properties affect formulation mucoadhesion, rheological behaviour and drug absorption. Hyaluronan (HA) is selected as a mucoadhesive and biodegradable polymer. Geometric, topological and fractal analyses are carried out with program TOPO. Reference calculations are performed with algorithm GEPOL. Procedure TOPO underestimates molecular volume by 0.7%. Error results 5% in surface area and derived topological indices. Solvent-accessible surface is undercalculated by 3%: from hexa…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAbsorption (pharmacology)Chemistrylcsh:RM1-950Cationic polymerizationMedicine (miscellaneous)NanotechnologyPolymerBiodegradable polymerBioavailabilitymedicine absorption; medicine delivery; dipole moment; fractal dimension; metal hyaluronate; mucosalcsh:Therapeutics. PharmacologyChemistry (miscellaneous)Drug deliveryMucoadhesionPharmacology (medical)General Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsHydrateNuclear chemistryADMET and DMPK
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Resorcinarene-based ATRP initiators for star polymers

2004

Two novel multifunctional initiators for atom transfer radical polymeriza- tion (ATRP) were synthesized by derivatization of tetraethylresorcinarene. The deri- vatization induced a change in the conformation of the resorcinarene ring, which was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. The initiators were used in ATRP of tert-butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, producing star polymers with controlled molar masses and low polydispersities. Instead of the expected star polymers with eight arms, polymers with four arms were obtained. Conformational studies on the initiators by rotating- frame nuclear Overhauser and exchange spectroscopy NMR and molecular modeling suggested that of eight initiator fun…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAcrylateMolar massPolymers and PlasticsChemistryOrganic Chemistry02 engineering and technologyNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyPolymerResorcinarene010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerMethyl methacrylate0210 nano-technologyTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyJournal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry
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Label-Free Detection of Protein-Ligand Interactions by the Quartz Crystal Microbalance

2005

In recent years the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) has been accepted as a powerful technique to monitor adsorption processes at interfaces in different chemical and biological research areas. In the last decade, the investigation of adsorption of biomolecules on functionalized surfaces turned out to be one of the paramount applications of the QCM comprising the interaction of nucleic acids, specific molecular recognition of protein-receptor couples, and antigen-antibody reactions realized in immunosensors. The advantage of the QCM technique is that it allows for a label free detection of molecules. This is a result of the fact that the frequency response of the quartz resonator is propor…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAdsorptionMolecular recognitionchemistryBiomoleculeMoleculeNanotechnologySurface chargeQuartz crystal microbalanceLipid bilayerProtein ligand
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Glass-forming non-symmetric bis-styryl-DWK-type dyes for infra-red radiation amplification systems

2019

Abstract A series of D-π-A type organic dyes with bulky triphenylmethyl moiety containing 2,6-bis-(4-substituted)styryl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene donor (D) fragments and different electron acceptors (A) were synthesized and investigated, mostly for potential applications in organic solid-state lasers as infra-red (IR) radiation amplification medium. Dye glass transition temperature is above 99 °C with thermal stability in the region from 173 °C to 326 °C which was slightly influenced by the electron acceptor fragment attached to the 4H-pyrane ring in 4-position. Introducing substituents in 4-position within one of the styryl-fragments with stronger electron withdrawing properties decreased ASE exc…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAmplified spontaneous emissionActive laser mediumDye laserMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceOrganic Chemistry02 engineering and technologyElectron acceptor010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsInorganic ChemistrychemistryMoietyThermal stabilityElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyGlass transitionSpectroscopyOptical Materials
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UV-patternable nanocomposite containing CdSe and PbS quantum dots as miniaturized luminescent chemo-sensors

2015

In this study, a novel multifunctional hybrid polymer-based luminescent material, particularly formulated for photolithography, was developed, fabricated and tested as a miniaturized chemosensor. This nanocomposites were formulated with either luminescent CdSe (for the visible) or PbS (for the near-IR) colloidal QDs embedded in a polyisoprene-based photoresist (PIP). We checked the sensing capability of the nanocomposite by exposing 1 cm2 CdSe nanocomposite patterns to vapours of some analyte solutions such as 2-mercaptoethanol (MET) and ethylenediamine (EDA). The transduction mechanism of the sensor is based on changes of the QD photoluminescence (PL) when molecules are adsorbed on the QD …

chemistry.chemical_classificationAnalyteMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceNanocompositeGeneral Chemical EngineeringNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryPolymerPhotoresistMatrix (chemical analysis)chemistryQuantum dotLuminescenceRSC Advances
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Anatase photocatalyst with supported low crystalline TiO2: The influence of amorphous phase on the activity

2018

Abstract In a previous study on commercial TiO2 nanoparticles (J. Soria et al.) we had shown that the superficial disordered layers influence their textural and reactivity features. In the present work we used well crystallized anatase particles (commercial TiO2, BDH) as support of different amounts of titania powders, prepared by TiCl4 hydrolysis and constituted by nanocrystals diluted into an amorphous matrix. The reactivity of these photocatalysts has been tested for the selective oxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to aldehyde in aqueous suspension. The catalyst characteristics have been studied using adsorption-desorption isotherms, TEM, HRTEM, TGA, PL, DRIFT-IR, and 1H MAS-NMR spectr…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAnataseMaterials scienceProcess Chemistry and TechnologyInorganic chemistry02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAldehydeCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesCatalysisAmorphous solidNanocrystalchemistryPhotocatalysisPartial oxidation0210 nano-technologyHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyGeneral Environmental Science
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Hydrogen peroxide sensors for cellular imaging based on horse radish peroxidase reconstituted on polymer-functionalized TiO2 nanorods

2011

We describe the reconstitution of apo-horse radish peroxidase (apo-HRP) onto TiO2 nanorods functionalized with a multifunctional polymer. After functionalization, the horse radish peroxidase (HRP) functionalized TiO2 nanorods were well dispersible in aqueous solution, catalytically active and biocompatible, and they could be used to quantify and image H2O2 which is a harmful secondary product of cellular metabolism. The shape, size and structure of TiO2 nanorods (anatase) were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution TEM (HRTEM), electron diffraction (ED) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface functionalization, HRP reconstitution and catalytic activity were con…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAnataseMaterials sciencebiologyBiocompatibilityNanotechnologyPolymerchemistryChemical engineeringTransmission electron microscopybiology.proteinSurface modificationGeneral Materials ScienceNanorodHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyPeroxidaseNanoscale
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Extrinsicvs.intrinsic luminescence and their interplay with spin crossover in 3D Hofmann-type coordination polymers

2020

The research of new multifunctional materials, as those undergoing spin crossover (SCO) and luminescent properties, is extremely important in the development of further optical and electronic switching devices. As a new step towards this ambitious aim, the coupling of SCO and fluorescence is presented here following two main strategies: whether the fluorescent agent is integrated as a part of the main structure of a 3D SCO coordination polymer {FeII(bpan)[MI(CN)2]2} (bpan = bis(4-pyridyl)anthracene, MI = Ag (FebpanAg), Au (FebpanAu)) or is a guest molecule inserted within the cavities of the 3D switchable framework {FeII(bpb)[MI(CN)2]2}·pyrene (bpb = bis(4-pyridyl)butadiyne, MI = Ag (FebpbA…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAnthraceneMaterials scienceCoordination polymer02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesFluorescence0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySpin crossoverMaterials ChemistryMoleculeAbsorption (chemistry)0210 nano-technologyLuminescenceJournal of Materials Chemistry C
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Supramolecular Polymers in Aqueous Media

2016

This review discusses one-dimensional supramolecular polymers that form in aqueous media. First, naturally occurring supramolecular polymers are described, in particular, amyloid fibrils, actin filaments, and microtubules. Their structural, thermodynamic, kinetic, and nanomechanical properties are highlighted, as well as their importance for the advancement of biologically inspired supramolecular polymer materials. Second, five classes of synthetic supramolecular polymers are described: systems based on (1) hydrogen-bond motifs, (2) large π-conjugated surfaces, (3) host-guest interactions, (4) peptides, and (5) DNA. We focus on recent studies that address key challenges in the field, provid…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous mediumPolymersWaterNanotechnologymacromolecular substances02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAmyloid fibril01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesSupramolecular polymersKineticschemistryThermodynamicsWater chemistry0210 nano-technologyChemical Reviews
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