Search results for "Nuclear Power"
showing 10 items of 60 documents
The rationality of acceptance in a nuclear community: analysing residents' opinions on the expansion of the SNF repository in the municipality of Eur…
2010
The project to build a final disposal repository for Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) in the municipality of Eurajoki, Finland, is approaching its 2012 deadline for the application of a construction licence. At the same time, the nuclear waste company Posiva is already planning to expand the disposal capacity of the repository. This paper addresses the question of acceptance among the residents of Eurajoki regarding the repository's expansion, and examines what aspects should be taken into consideration when explaining local opinions. The local acceptance figures for Eurajoki are analysed in relation to assumptions of the six common explanation types. The relationship between information deficit, s…
An Approach for the Evaluation of Risk Impact of Changes Addressing Uncertainties in a Surveillance Requirement Optimization Context
2014
This paper presents an approach for the evaluation of risk impact of Surveillance Requirement changes addressing identification, treatment and analysis of uncertainties in an integrated manner, which is intended to be used in an optimization context. It is also presented an example of application of the methodology to study a SF change of the Reactor Protection System of a Nuclear Power Plant.
Risk communication and risk perception : the case of nuclear power public debate in Lithuania
2012
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the risk communication of organizations and risk understanding, or risk perception, of the public at large. The theoretical analysis generates the methodological model of risk communication and risk perception. This framework provides the ground for the empirical study focusing on nuclear power debate in Lithuania with the purpose of investigating the overall risk communication of Lithuanian organizations in relation to nuclear power issues, as well as citizens’ perceptions about the technology. The empirical investigation is based on a content analysis of qualitative data concerning risk communication of the target organizations, as well a…
The Safety Culture Enactment Questionnaire (SCEQ): Theoretical model and empirical validation
2015
This paper presents the Safety Culture Enactment Questionnaire (SCEQ), designed to assess the degree to which safety is an enacted value in the day-to-day running of nuclear power plants (NPPs). The SCEQ is based on a theoretical safety culture model that is manifested in three fundamental components of the functioning and operation of any organization: strategic decisions, human resources practices, and daily activities and behaviors. The extent to which the importance of safety is enacted in each of these three components provides information about the pervasiveness of the safety culture in the NPP. To validate the SCEQ and the model on which it is based, two separate studies were carried…
Identification of blanket design points using an integrated multi-physics approach
2017
Abstract The breeding blanket (BB) is one of the key components for a fusion reactor. It is expected to sustain and remove considerable heat loads due to the heat flux coming from the plasma and the nuclear power deposited by the fusion neutrons. In the design of the BB, the engineering requirements of nuclear, material and safety kind are involved. In the European DEMO project, several efforts are dedicated to the development of an integrated simulation-design tool able to perform a multi-physics analysis, allowing the characterisation of BB design points which are consistent from the neutronic, thermal-hydraulic and thermo-mechanical point of view. Furthermore, at Karlsruhe Institute of T…
Real time monitoring of water level and temperature in storage fuel pools through optical fibre sensors
2017
AbstractWe present an innovative architecture of a Rayleigh-based optical fibre sensor for the monitoring of water level and temperature inside storage nuclear fuel pools. This sensor, able to withstand the harsh constraints encountered under accidental conditions such as those pointed-out during the Fukushima-Daiichi event (temperature up to 100 °C and radiation dose level up to ~20 kGy), exploits the Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry technique to remotely monitor a radiation resistant silica-based optical fibre i.e. its sensing probe. We validate the efficiency and the robustness of water level measurements, which are extrapolated from the temperature profile along the fibre length, …
Initial layout of DEMO buildings and configuration of the main plant systems
2018
Abstract The realization of a Demonstration Fusion Power Reactor (DEMO) to follow ITER, with the capability of generating several hundred MW of net electricity and operating with a closed fuel-cycle is viewed by Europe and many of the nations engaged in the construction of ITER as the remaining crucial step towards the exploitation of fusion power. The development of suitable configurations of plant systems inside the tokamak building to allow for the various maintenance operations and to meet the numerous system operating functions and safety requirements is one of the initial priorities. A task to establish an initial layout of the DEMO buildings and the integration of the main plant syst…
Integration of DEMO hazard piping into the tokamak building
2021
Abstract Because of the complexity of the design of a Fusion Power Plant like the EU DEMOnstration power plant the study of the plant layout must proceed in parallel with the design of the major systems. This is necessary to ensure that the design of the plant incorporates from the very beginning sound considerations on: • Safety and licensing, • Personnel security in context with operation and maintenance, • Adequate plant availability, and • Safe performance operation including delivery of few hundred MW net electric power to the electrical grid. Though it is a process of trial and change that follows the design evolution, this approach allows a better and continuous control of the numero…
Attività di interconfronto tra codici di trasporto atmosferico per la preparazione e la risposta alle emergenze nucleari
2019
In questo lavoro vengono presentati e confrontati i risultati ottenuti con tre differenti codici (FLEXPART, CALPUFF e ldX) per il trasporto atmosferico di inquinanti radioattivi. I codici vengono confrontati su una singola simulazione di un possibile rilascio incidentale alla stazione frontaliera di Gösgen (CH), in condizioni meteorologiche sfavorevoli per il territorio italiano. In this work we present and compare the results obtained iwth three different codes (FLEXPART, CALPUFF and ldX) for the atmospheric dispersion of radioactive pollutants. The codes are compared on a single simulation of a possible incident release in the Gösgen (CH) nuclear power plant with weather conditions that a…
Atmospheric dry deposition processes of particles on urban and suburban surfaces: Modelling and validation works
2019
Abstract Dry deposition process is one of the important pathways for the removal of particles from atmosphere. It is the result of a combination of different environmental and physical factors as atmospheric conditions, particle properties, characteristics of the canopy. For this latter factor, urban canopy represents unevenly combinations of different types of surface elements that increases the complexity of deposition process phenomena. Therefore, particle dry deposition on urban surfaces is not easy to configure and, although empirical or semi-empirical models in literature have been developed to address this aspect, there is not standardized and commonly accepted criteria, especially f…