Search results for "Nuclear magnetic resonance"

showing 10 items of 1743 documents

Stable and transient color centers in Gd3Ga5O12 crystals

2004

The work is devoted to investigation of stable color centers (CC) that are created in Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) crystals under irradiation with γ-quanta (E = 1.25 MeV, D = 105 Gy ) as well as transient CC created in the crystals under irradiation with pulsed electron beam (E = 0.25 MeV, pulse duration 10 ns, fluence 1012 cm-2, time interval of registration 0-500 ns). On the basis of the performed study of optical absorption spectra of the as-grown and irradiated crystals it was established the correlation between a defect subsystem of as-grown crystals and a type of CC induced by radiation in the crystals. The role of Ca2+ dopant ions in the processes of CC formation is examined. Models of the stable…

DopantChemistryAnalytical chemistryPulse durationGeneral ChemistryRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsFluenceIonNuclear magnetic resonanceCathode rayGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationTransient (oscillation)Crystal Research and Technology
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Breast dynamic contrast-enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging and radiomics: State of art

2020

Breast cancer represents the most common malignancy in women, being one of the most frequent cause of cancer-related mortality. Ultrasound, mammography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play a pivotal role in the diagnosis of breast lesions, with different levels of accuracy. Particularly, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI has shown high diagnostic value in detecting multifocal, multicentric, or contralateral breast cancers. Radiomics is emerging as a promising tool for quantitative tumor evaluation, allowing the extraction of additional quantitative data from radiological imaging acquired with different modalities. Radiomics analysis may provide novel information through the quantification…

Dynamic contrastNuclear magnetic resonancemedicine.diagnostic_testRadiomicsbusiness.industrymedicineState of artMagnetic resonance imagingRadiomics Texture analysis Magnetic resonance imaging Dynamic contrast-enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging Breast CancerGeneral MedicinebusinessSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapia
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Dielectric relaxation models applied of the dynamics of myoglobin as determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy

1996

Abstract Protein specific modes of motions are found in myoglobin crystals above 180 K. In this contribution we show that this type of motions can be analyzed by a Davidson-Cole, a Cole-Cole or a Havriliak-Negami distribution in analogy to dielectric relaxation. However, the temperature dependence of the obtained parameters is quite unusual indicating a broadening of the distributions with temperature instead of motional narrowing. This can be understood from the picture of conformational substates if one assumes that more and more substates become accessible with increasing temperature. The result shows that the analogy between glass forming organic liquids and proteins should not be exagg…

Dynamics (mechanics)General Physics and AstronomyDielectricGlass formingchemistry.chemical_compoundNuclear magnetic resonanceMyoglobinchemistryChemical physicsMössbauer spectroscopyRelaxation (physics)Organic liquidsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMotional narrowingChemical Physics
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Lesion load may predict long-term cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients

2015

Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques provided evidences into the understanding of cognitive impairment (CIm) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Objectives: To investigate the role of white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) in predicting long-term CIm in a cohort of MS patients. Methods: 303 out of 597 patients participating in a previous multicenter clinical-MRI study were enrolled (49.4% were lost at follow-up). The following MRI parameters, expressed as fraction (f) of intracranial volume, were evaluated: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-f), WM-f, GM-f and abnormal WM (AWM-f), a measure of lesion load. Nine years later, cognitive status was assessed in 241 patients using the Symbol Dig…

EMTREE medical terms: Articlerecalllcsh:MedicineAudiologyNeuropsychological TestsNerve Fibers Myelinated030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCohort Studies0302 clinical medicinecognitive defectnuclear magnetic resonance imaginglcsh:ScienceModified Card Sorting TestMultidisciplinaryneuroimagingSemantically Related Word List TestMultiple Sclerosis Cognitive Dysfunction MRImedicine.diagnostic_testpredictive valueBrainCognitionNeuropsychological testgray matterMiddle AgedPrognosisMagnetic Resonance ImagingMemory Short-Termfemalebrain sizemultiple sclerosiCohortDisease ProgressionSettore MED/26 - Neurologiawhite matterResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyMultiple SclerosisPaced Auditory Serial Addition Testverbal memorycerebrospinal fluidworking memory03 medical and health sciencesmalemedicineHumanscontrolled studyhumanRecallbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosislcsh:RMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.diseasemajor clinical studyattentionexecutive functionSymbol Digit Modalities TestPaced Auditory Serial Addition Testneuropsychological testlcsh:QVerbal memorybusinessCognition Disorders030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up Studies
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A dq axis theory of the magnetic, thermal, and mechanical properties of Curie motor

2011

A dq axis theory of a thermomagnetic Curie motor is presented. This theory allows one to estimate the performances of a Curie motor from its geometrical, magnetic, and thermal properties. The proposed approach shows that the thermomagnetic Curie motor is equivalent from a magnetic point of view to a dc electric machine. The physical meaning of the parameters used in the dq theory of Curie motor is explicated. The theory is validated by using experimental data.

Electric machineElectric motorbusiness.product_categoryCondensed matter physicsChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermomagnetic convectionSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceNuclear magnetic resonanceThermalCurieCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronsbusinesselectric motors magnetic devices
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Experimental investigation of low-frequency pulsed Lorentz force influence on the motion of Galinstan melt

2016

Abstract The paper presents the results of the numerical and physical experiments, aimed at assessing the influence of pulsed force of electromagnetic field on the melt motion and the fluid velocities. The experiment was performed on the eutectic alloy Galinstan in the cylindrical volume, where an ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter was employed for velocity measurements under conditions of pulsed and steady EM field application. A numerical simulation of the melt flow, forced by the steady EM force, involved a 2D axisymmetric model. The k-e turbulence model was used to obtain the information about the melt velocities. The verification of the numerical model was carried out for the steady case. …

Electromagnetic field02 engineering and technologyLow frequency01 natural sciencesElectromagnetic stirring020501 mining & metallurgy010305 fluids & plasmasNuclear magnetic resonancesymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundLorentz forceOptics0103 physical sciencesElectromagnetic fieldddc:530Modulated Lorentz forceClassical mechanicsddc:510Mathematical PhysicsMelt flow indexPhysicsComputer simulationTurbulencebusiness.industryPhysicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMechanicsPulsedCondensed Matter PhysicsDoppler effectGalinstanDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | MathematikAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsGalinstanTurbulenceEutectic system0205 materials engineeringchemistrysymbolsDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | PhysikbusinessLow frequencyMelt flow indexDoppler effectLorentz forceMathematical simulationSt. Petersburg Polytechnical University Journal: Physics and Mathematics
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Intracranial measurement of current densities induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation in the human brain

2003

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive technique that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to generate currents in the brain via pulsed magnetic fields. The magnitude of such induced currents is unknown. In this study we measured the TMS induced current densities in a patient with implanted depth electrodes for epilepsy monitoring. A maximum current density of 12 microA/cm2 was recorded at a depth of 1 cm from scalp surface with the optimum stimulation orientation used in the experiment and an intensity of 7% of the maximal stimulator output. During TMS we recorded relative current variations under different stimulating coil orientations and at different points…

Electromagnetic fieldAdultMaterials sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentModels NeurologicalNuclear magnetic resonanceElectromagnetic FieldsEpilepsy Complex PartialmedicineHumansGeneral NeuroscienceSkullBrainTranscranial Magnetic StimulationElectric StimulationIntensity (physics)Magnetic fieldElectromagnetic inductionElectrodes ImplantedTranscranial magnetic stimulationElectromagnetic coiltranscranial magnetic stimulatione depth electrodes epilepsyBrain InjuriesFemaleCurrent (fluid)ArtifactsCurrent densityNeuroscience
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First Example of Coexistence of Thermal Spin Transition and Liquid-Crystal Properties.

2001

The rodlike FeIII complex of an N-alkyloxysalicylidenyl-N'-ethyl-N-ethylenediamine ligand, shown as a computer model in the picture, is the first compound in which spin-crossover (SC) and liquid-crystalline (LC) properties coexist. This synergy should allow the magnetic and optical properties of SC compounds to be combined with the sensitivity of the LC state to electromagnetic fields.

Electromagnetic fieldChemistryLigandSpin transitionGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineCatalysisCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterNuclear magnetic resonanceLiquid crystalChemical physicsSpin crossoverThermalCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
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A field-network model of a linear oscillating motor and its dynamics characteristics

2005

We describe a method of modeling of the dynamics characteristics for linear oscillating motors. We used electromagnetic finite-element analysis in the network model, which contains the electric circuit and mechanical equations. We compared the integral parameters of the electromagnetic field with the measured ones. We also compared the calculated and measured waves of the stator current for two values of supply voltage. The comparison yields a good agreement.

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsField (physics)StatorMechanicsLinear motorFinite element methodElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldlaw.inventionNuclear magnetic resonancelawComputational electromagneticsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringVoltageIEEE Transactions on Magnetics
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No short‐term effects of high‐frequency electromagnetic fields on the mammalian pineal gland

1997

There is ample experimental evidence that changes of earth-strength static magnetic fields, pulsed magnetic fields, or alternating electric fields (60 Hz) depress the nocturnally enhanced melatonin synthesis of the pineal gland of certain mammals. No data on the effects of high-frequency electromagnetic fields on melatonin synthesis is available. In the present study, exposure to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields [0.1 to 0.6 mW/cm2, approximately 0.06 to 0.36 W/kg specific absorption rate (SAR) in rats and 0.04 W/kg in Djungarian hamsters; both continuous and/or pulsed at 217 Hz, for 15 min to 6 h] at day or night had no notable short-term effect on pineal melatonin synthesis in male and femal…

Electromagnetic fieldSynaptic ribbonendocrine systembiologyPhysiologyBiophysicsSpecific absorption rateGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationPhodopusMelatoninPineal glandmedicine.anatomical_structureNuclear magnetic resonanceElectric fieldmedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMelatonin synthesismedicine.drugBioelectromagnetics
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