Search results for "Nucleon"

showing 10 items of 1041 documents

Weak production of strange Ξ baryons off the nucleon

2019

The authors would like to thank Luis Alvarez-Ruso and Manuel Jose Vicente Vacas for useful discussions. One of the authors (MRA) would like to thank the pleasant hospitality at University of Granada where part of the work has been done.

PhysicsParticle physicsProtonNuclear TheoryNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHyperonComputer Science::Digital LibrariesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentBaryonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyNeutronProduction (computer science)High Energy Physics::ExperimentNucleonPion decay constantNuclear ExperimentPseudovector
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Search for axion-like dark matter with spin-based amplifiers

2021

Ultralight axion-like particles (ALPs) are well-motivated dark matter candidates introduced by theories beyond the standard model. However, the constraints on the existence of ALPs through existing laboratory experiments are hindered by their current sensitivities, which are usually weaker than astrophysical limits. Here, we demonstrate a new quantum sensor to search for ALPs in the mass range that spans about two decades from 8.3 feV to 744 feV. Our sensor makes use of hyperpolarized long-lived nuclear spins as a pre-amplifier that effectively enhances coherently oscillating axion-like dark-matter field by a factor of >100. Using spin-based amplifiers, we achieve an ultrahigh magnetic s…

PhysicsParticle physicsQuantum PhysicsPhoton010308 nuclear & particles physicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Physics beyond the Standard ModelQuantum sensorDark matterGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesParameter space7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsNucleonSpin (physics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Axion
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First Measurement of the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule forH1from 0.7 to 1.8 GeV at ELSA

2003

To verify the fundamental Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule for the first time experimentally, we measured the helicity dependent total photoabsorption cross section with circularly polarized real photons and longitudinally polarized nucleons in the photon energy range 0.68-1.82 GeV with the tagged photon facility at ELSA. The experiment was carried out with a 4pi detection system, a circularly polarized tagged photon beam, and a frozen spin polarized proton target. The contribution to the GDH sum rule in this photon energy range is [49.9+/-2.4(stat)+/-2.2(syst)] mub.

PhysicsParticle physicsRange (particle radiation)PhotonProton010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhoton energy01 natural sciencesHelicityNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSum rule in quantum mechanicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsNucleonSpin-½Physical Review Letters
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Unexplained Excess of Electronlike Events from a 1-GeV Neutrino Beam

2009

The MiniBooNE Collaboration observes unexplained electronlike events in the reconstructed neutrino energy range from 200 to 475 MeV. With 6.46 x 10(20) protons on target, 544 electronlike events are observed in this energy range, compared to an expectation of 415.2 +/- 43.4 events, corresponding to an excess of 128.8 +/- 20.4 +/- 38.3 events. The shape of the excess in several kinematic variables is consistent with being due to either nu(e) and (nu) over bar (e) charged-current scattering or nu(mu) neutral-current scattering with a photon in the final state. No significant excess of events is observed in the reconstructed neutrino energy range from 475 to 1250 MeV, where 408 events are obse…

PhysicsParticle physicsScatteringHadronAstrophysics (astro-ph)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsMiniBooNEHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)NeutrinoNucleonNeutrino oscillationEnergy (signal processing)Lepton
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Soft-photon radiative corrections to the e−p→e−pl−l+ process

2021

We calculate the leading-order QED radiative corrections to the process ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}p{l}^{\ensuremath{-}}{l}^{+}$ in the soft-photon approximation, in two different energy regimes which are of relevance to extract nucleon structure information. In the low-energy region, this process is studied to better constrain the hadronic corrections to precision muonic hydrogen spectroscopy. In the high-energy region, the beam-spin asymmetry for double-virtual Compton scattering allows us to directly access the generalized parton distributions. We find that the soft-photon radiative corrections have a large impact on the cross sections and are there…

PhysicsParticle physicsSoft photonmedia_common.quotation_subjectHadronRadiative transferCompton scatteringPartonNucleonAsymmetryEnergy (signal processing)media_commonPhysical Review D
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The spin structure of the nucleon

2005

An introduction to deep inelastic scattering experiments investigating the spin structure of the proton and the neutron is given. Discussed are measurements with longitudinally polarized targets to determine the spin structure functiong 1 and sum rules and to do pQCD analyses with inclusive data, while a flavour separation and first extractions of the gluon polarization are performed with semi-inclusive data.

PhysicsParticle physicsSpin polarizationDynamic structure factorNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomySpin structureInelastic scatteringDeep inelastic scatteringGluonNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutronNuclear ExperimentNucleonCzechoslovak Journal of Physics
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Polarized Structure Functions and the Nucleon Spin

1995

The link between the light-cone momentum distributions of constituent quark models and their corresponding parton distributions is used to study the polarized structure functions g 1 of proton and neutron. The formalism allows to analyze the effects of the structure of the quark model wave function and thus we discuss the SU (6) breaking mechanism associated with the One Gluon Exchange and large D-state admixtures originated in pionic models. We analyze the contribution to these structure functions of the gluon polarization arising from the anomaly.

PhysicsParticle physicsSpin polarizationHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear TheoryQuark modelConstituent quarkPartonGluonHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutronNuclear ExperimentNucleonWave function
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Nucleon structure and nucleon-nucleon interaction

1978

PhysicsParticle physicsStructure (category theory)Form factor (quantum field theory)Spectral functionNucleon
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Sum rules across the unpolarized Compton processes involving generalized polarizabilities and moments of nucleon structure functions

2018

We derive two new sum rules for the unpolarized doubly virtual Compton scattering process on a nucleon, which establish novel low-$Q^2$ relations involving the nucleon's generalized polarizabilities and moments of the nucleon's unpolarized structure functions $F_1(x,Q^2)$ and $F_2(x,Q^2)$. These relations facilitate the determination of some structure constants which can only be accessed in off-forward doubly virtual Compton scattering, not experimentally accessible at present. We perform an empirical determination for the proton and compare our results with a next-to-leading-order chiral perturbation theory prediction. We also show how these relations may be useful for a model-independent …

PhysicsParticle physicsStructure constantsChiral perturbation theoryProtonNuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physics530 PhysicsCompton scatteringFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences530Lamb shiftNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Polarizability0103 physical sciencesddc:530Sum rule in quantum mechanicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNucleonNuclear Experiment
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Dispersion theoretical analysis of the nucleon spin polarizabilities

1999

The spin polarizabilities of the nucleon have been calculated from pion photoproduction data using forward dispersion relations. The feasibility of an experimental determination of these structure constants is discussed by focusing on polarization observables of the reaction \( \vec{\gamma }\vec{p} \to \gamma p \)→ γ p.

PhysicsParticle physicsStructure constantsPionDispersion relationNuclear TheoryPolarization observablesDispersion (optics)Nuclear ExperimentNucleonSpin-½
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