Search results for "Nucleon"
showing 10 items of 1041 documents
The phi NN coupling from chiral loops
2002
Starting from effective Lagrangians which combine a gauge formulation of Vector Meson Dominance with Chiral Lagrangians, the coupling of the phi to the nucleon, which is zero at tree level due to the OZI rule, is calculated perturbatively considering loop contributions to the electric and magnetic form factors. We obtain reasonably smaller values for both form factors than those for rho NN and consistent with the expected order of magnitude of the OZI rule violation.
Light-Front Interpretation of Proton Generalized Polarizabilities
2009
We extend the recently developed formalism to extract light-front quark charge densities from nucleon form factor data to the deformations of these quark charge densities when applying an external electric field. We show that the resulting induced polarizations can be extracted from proton generalized polarizabilities. The available data for the generalized electric polarizabilitiy of the proton yield a pronounced structure in its induced polarization at large transverse distances, which will be pinned down by forthcoming high precision virtual Compton scattering experiments.
Nucleon Form Factors at high q2 within constituent quark models
2000
The nucleon form factors are calculated using a non-relativistic description in terms of constituent quarks. The emphasis is put on the reliability of present numerical methods used to solve the three-body problem in order to correctly reproduce the expected asymptotic behavior of form factors. Nucleon wave functions obtained in the hyperspherical formalism or employing Faddeev equations have been considered. While a q**(-8) behavior is expected at high q for a quark-quark force behaving like 1/r at short distances, it is found that the hypercentral approximation in the hyperspherical formalism (K=0) leads to a q**(-7) behavior. An infinite set of waves is required to get the correct behavi…
Three-Dimensional parton structure of light nuclei
2017
Two promising directions beyond inclusive deep inelastic scattering experiments, aimed at unveiling the three dimensional structure of the bound nucleon, are reviewed, considering in particular the $^3$He nucleus. The 3D structure in coordinate space can be accessed through deep exclusive processes, whose non-perturbative part is encoded in generalized parton distributions (GPDs). In this way, the distribution of partons in the transverse plane can be obtained. As an example, coherent deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) off $^3$He nuclei, important to access the neutron GPDs, will be discussed. In Impulse Approximation (IA), the sum of two GPDs of $^3$He, $H$ and $E$, at low momentum t…
Search for strange matter by Rutherford backscattering
1989
According to a number of suggestions, stable strange matter could exist in the form of supermassive nuclei (or 'strange nuggets')1,2. In contrast to ordinary nuclei, which contain only 'up' and 'down' quarks, a piece of strange matter should comprise a mixture of 'up', 'down' and 'strange' quarks in roughly equal proportions. Small amounts of strange matter could have survived from the early stages of the Universe1. Alternatively, strange matter might reach the Earth as a flux of strange nuggets produced in collisions of neutron stars3. Limits to the cosmic flux of strange nuggets with masses in the range from 10−4 to 250 g have been obtained in a search for light produced by the nuggets in…
Nucleon matrix elements from lattice QCD with all-mode-averaging and a domain-decomposed solver: An exploratory study
2017
We study the performance of all-mode-averaging (AMA) when used in conjunction with a locally deflated SAP-preconditioned solver, determining how to optimize the local block sizes and number of deflation fields in order to minimize the computational cost for a given level of overall statistical accuracy. We find that AMA enables a reduction of the statistical error on nucleon charges by a factor of around two at the same cost when compared to the standard method. As a demonstration, we compute the axial, scalar and tensor charges of the nucleon in $N_f=2$ lattice QCD with non-perturbatively O(a)-improved Wilson quarks, using O(10,000) measurements to pursue the signal out to source-sink sepa…
Exclusive muoproduction on transversely polarised protons and deuterons
2012
The transverse target spin azimuthal asymmetry A(UT)(sin(phi-phi s)) in hard exclusive production of rho(0) mesons was measured at COMPASS by scattering 160 GeV/c muons off transversely polarised protons and deuterons. The measured asymmetry is sensitive to the nucleon helicity-flip generalised parton distributions E-q, which are related to the orbital angular momentum of quarks in the nucleon. The Q(2), x-B-j and p(T)(2) dependence of A(UT)(sin(phi-phi s)) is presented in a wide kinematic range: 1 (GeV/c)(2) < Q(2) < 10 (GeV/c)(2), 0.003 < xB(j) < 0.3 and 0.05 (GeV/c)(2) < p(T)(2) < 0.5 (GeV/c)(2) for protons or 0.10 (GeV/c)(2) < p(T)(2) < 0.5 (GeV/c)(2) for deuterons. Results for deuteron…
Microscopic description of the nucleon- Delta interaction in the quark cluster model.
1995
By using a nonrelativistic quark cluster model to describe baryonic systems, we generate a nucleon-{Delta} potential from the elementary interaction between constituents. The basic quark-quark potential used provides, when applied to the nucleon-nucleon system, an adequate description of the scattering phase shifts, the deuteron properties and the nonstrange baryonic spectroscopy. Special attention is paid to the short-range behavior of the interaction and its connection to the quark Pauli principle. This establishes a conceptual difference with meson-exchange models where the interaction, due to the lack of data, is not even well defined.
Parton distributions in a constituent quark scenario
1999
A simple picture of the constituent quark as a composite system of point-like partons is used to construct the unpolarized and polarized parton distributions by a convolution between constituent quark momentum distributions and constituent quark structure functions. We achieve good agreement with experiments in the unpolarized, as well as, in the polarized case. When our results are compared with similar calculations using non-composite constituent quarks, the accord with the experiments of the present scheme is impressive. We conclude that DIS data are consistent with a low energy scenario dominated by composite constituents of the nucleon.
Parton polarization and constituent quarks
1995
Abstract A systematic study of the polarized-parton distributions is presented and related to the properties of the constituent quarks. The effects of breaking SU(6) symmetry are emphasized and the Isgur-Karl constituent model is discussed in detail. The results on the proton, neutron and deuteron structure functions are compared with the recent experimental data, and the role of the gluon polarization is pointed out. The role of the D-state admixture in the nucleon ground state is also investigated.