Search results for "Number"

showing 10 items of 3939 documents

Symmetries in the angular distribution of exclusive semileptonic B decays

2010

We discuss a method to construct observables protected against QCD uncertainties based on the angular distribution of the exclusive Bd -> K(*0}(-> Kpi) l+ l- decay. We focus on the identification and the interpretation of all the symmetries of the distribution. They constitute a key ingredient to construct a set of so-called transverse observables. We work in the framework of QCD factorization at NLO supplemented by an estimate of power-suppressed Lambda/mb corrections. A discussion of the new physics properties of two of the transverse asymmetries, AT^{(2)} and AT^{(5)}, is presented. A comparison between the transverse asymmetry AT^{(2)} and the forward-backward asymmetry shows that…

Quantum chromodynamicsPhysicsParticle physicsDistribution (number theory)hep-exmedia_common.quotation_subjectPhysics beyond the Standard ModelFOS: Physical sciencesObservablehep-phAsymmetryHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentTransverse planeHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)FactorizationQuantum mechanicsHomogeneous spaceComputer Science::Programming LanguagesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentParticle Physics - Phenomenologymedia_common
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Elliptic Flow of Electrons from Beauty-Hadron Decays in Pb-Pb Collisions at sNN=5.02  TeV

2021

The elliptic flow of electrons from beauty hadron decays at midrapidity ($|y|$ $<$ 0.8) is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The azimuthal distribution of the particles produced in the collisions can be parameterized with a Fourier expansion, in which the second harmonic coefficient represents the elliptic flow, $v_{\rm 2}$. The $v_{\rm 2}$ coefficient is measured for the first time in transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) range 1.3-6 GeV/$c$ in the centrality class 30-50%. The measurement of electrons from beauty-hadron decays exploits their larger mean proper decay length $c\tau \approx$ 500 $\mu$m compared to that of charm had…

Quantum chromodynamicsPhysicsQuarkParticle physicsDegree (graph theory)MesonElliptic flowHadronGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences7. Clean energy0103 physical sciencesQuark–gluon plasmaHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCharm (quantum number)Nuclear Experiment010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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QCD moment sum rules for Coulomb systems: the charm and bottom quark masses

2002

In this work the charm and bottom quark masses are determined from QCD moment sum rules for the charmonium and upsilon systems. To illustrate the special character of these sum rules when applied to Coulomb systems we first set up and study the behaviour of the sum rules in quantum mechanics. In our analysis we include both the results from nonrelativistic QCD and perturbation theory at next-next-to-leading order. The moments are evaluated at different values of q^2 which correspond to different relative influence among the theoretical contributions. In the numerical analysis we obtain the masses by choosing central values for all input parameters. The error is estimated from a variation of…

Quantum chromodynamicsQuarkPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyOrder (ring theory)FOS: Physical sciencesBottom quarkHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)BibliographyCoulombHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCharm (quantum number)Perturbation theory
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correction to ƒB

1991

Abstract The 1/m corrections to the B-meson decay constant ƒB (and the D-meson decay constant ƒD) of the heavy quark effective theory are calculated in the Green function approach. The corrections are found to be sensitive to the difference of the meson mass mB and the heavy quark mass mb. For mb=4.81 GeV we obtain a 100% correction to the heavy quark limit mb=mB. The scaling law of the ratio ƒB/ƒD is, however, quite well satisfied because of cancellations. For reasonable values of quark masses we obtain ƒ B = (130±20) MeV and ƒ D = (170±10) MeV .

Quantum chromodynamicsQuarkPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMesonHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHeavy quark effective theoryHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLimit (mathematics)Charm (quantum number)Exponential decayNuclear ExperimentScalingPhysics Letters B
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Dielectron and heavy-quark production in inelastic and high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV

2018

The measurement of dielectron production is presented as a function of invariant mass and transverse momentum (pT) at midrapidity (|ye|&lt;0.8) in proton–proton (pp) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV. The contributions from light-hadron decays are calculated from their measured cross sections in pp collisions at s=7 TeV or 13 TeV. The remaining continuum stems from correlated semileptonic decays of heavy-flavour hadrons. Fitting the data with templates from two different MC event generators, PYTHIA and POWHEG, the charm and beauty cross sections at midrapidity are extracted for the first time at this collision energy: dσcc¯/dy|y=0=974±138(stat.)±140(syst.)±214(BR)μb and dσbb…

Quantum chromodynamicsQuarkPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotonProton010308 nuclear & particles physicsHadronMultiplicity (mathematics)01 natural sciencesNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentInvariant massCharm (quantum number)Nuclear Experiment010306 general physicsPhysics Letters B
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Effects of an environment on a cavity-quantum-electrodynamics system controlled by bichromatic adiabatic passage

2012

International audience; We present a theoretical investigation of a cavity-QED system controlled by bichromatic adiabatic passage in a dissipative environment. We analyze the production of a controlled Fock state in the cavity by a traveling atom simultaneously coupled by a laser field, and the leakage of the corresponding photons from the cavity.

Quantum decoherencePhotonPhysics::Optics01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsPHOTON NUMBER STATESFock statelaw0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAdiabatic processENTANGLEMENTPhysicsMEMORYCavity quantum electrodynamicsATOMLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPULSESSINGLE-PHOTONDissipative systemPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsGENERATION
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Algebraic quantization on a group and nonabelian constraints

1989

A generalization of a previous group manifold quantization formalism is proposed. In the new version the differential structure is circumvented, so that discrete transformations in the group are allowed, and a nonabelian group replaces the ordinary (central)U(1) subgroup of the Heisenberg-Weyl-like quantum group. As an example of the former we obtain the wave functions associated with the system of two identical particles, and the latter modification is used to account for the Virasoro constraints in string theory.

Quantum group58D30Differential structureStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsString theoryAlgebra58F0622E7081D07Operator algebraUnitary group81E30Algebraic numberQuantum field theoryMathematical PhysicsIdentical particlesMathematicsCommunications in Mathematical Physics
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Spontaneous emission and energy shifts of a Rydberg rubidium atom close to an optical nanofiber

2020

In this paper, we report on numerical calculations of the spontaneous emission rates and Lamb shifts of a $^{87}\text{Rb}$ atom in a Rydberg-excited state $\left(n\leq30\right)$ located close to a silica optical nanofiber. We investigate how these quantities depend on the fiber's radius, the distance of the atom to the fiber, the direction of the atomic angular momentum polarization as well as the different atomic quantum numbers. We also study the contribution of quadrupolar transitions, which may be substantial for highly polarizable Rydberg states. Our calculations are performed in the macroscopic quantum electrodynamics formalism, based on the dyadic Green's function method. This allows…

Quantum opticsPhysicsAngular momentumQuantum Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsQuantum number01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmas3. Good healthsymbols.namesake[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]0103 physical sciencesAtomRydberg atomRydberg formulasymbolsSpontaneous emission[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Physics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsQuantum informationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physics
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Quantum fluctuations in cavity solitons

2005

Quantum fluctuations of degenerate optical parametric oscillators' cavity solitons (CS) are studied. We show that CSs are sources of perfectly squeezed light that exhibit photon fluctuations below the shot-noise level as well.

Quantum opticsPhysicsPhotonSpontaneous parametric down-conversionQuantum electrodynamicsQuantum mechanicsDegenerate energy levelsPhysics::OpticsFresnel numberCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectQuantum fluctuationSqueezed coherent stateParametric statistics
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Lifetime measurements of excited states in $^{169,171,173}$Os: Persistence of anomalous $B(E2)$ ratios in transitional rare earth nuclei in the prese…

2021

International audience; Lifetimes of low-lying excited states in the νi13/2+ bands of the neutron-deficient osmium isotopes 169,171,173Os have been measured for the first time using the recoil-distance Doppler shift and recoil-isomer tagging techniques. An unusually low value is observed for the ratio B(E2;21/2+→17/2+)/B(E2;17/2+→13/2+) in 169Os, similar to the “anomalously” low values of the ratio B(E2;41+→21+)/B(E2;21+→0gs+) previously observed in several transitional rare-earth nuclides with even numbers of neutrons and protons, including the neighbouring 168,170Os. Furthermore, the evolution of B(E2;21/2+→17/2+)/B(E2;17/2+→13/2+) with increasing neutron number in the odd-mass isotopic c…

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsisotoopitprotonitValence (chemistry)Isotope010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsQC1-999chemistry.chemical_elementneutronit[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural scienceschemistryExcited stateNeutron number0103 physical sciencesNeutronOsmiumNuclideAtomic physics010306 general physicsydinfysiikka
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