Search results for "Nutrition & Dietetics"

What are the determinants of adherence to the mediterranean diet?

2021

Current evidence suggests that adherence to traditional dietary patterns are slowly disappearing in favour of a globalised market, in which higher availability of processed, ready-to-use, energy-dense foods undermines the consumption of fresh, locally produced goods ... When exploring the nutritional quality of processed foods, excess content in added free sugars, saturated and hydrogenated fats, together with scarcity in fibre and vitamins, ...

Seed oil extraction from red prickly pear using hexane and supercritical CO2: assessment of phenolic compound composition, antioxidant and antibacter…

2016

Investigating Opuntia species for their seed oil content is of much importance owing to their potential use for food and in cosmetic applications. These oils have an important content in unsaturated fatty acids as well as antioxidant compounds (e.g. polyphenols, vitamin E), which have been associated with the prevention of some chronic diseases. Moreover, Opuntia stricta oils possess important antimicrobial activities. For instance, the main focus of this study was to compare the effectiveness of conventional (hexane extraction) and novel (supercritical (SC)-CO2 ) extraction methods for the recovery of oil and phenolic compounds from O. stricta seeds. The oil yield of both extracts was then…

2021

Proteins play a crucial role in metabolism, in maintaining fluid and acid-base balance and antibody synthesis. Dietary proteins are important nutrients and are classified into: 1) animal proteins (meat, fish, poultry, eggs and dairy), and, 2) plant proteins (legumes, nuts and soy). Dietary modification is one of the most important lifestyle changes that has been shown to significantly decrease the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) by attenuating related risk factors. The CVD burden is reduced by optimum diet through replacement of unprocessed meat with low saturated fat, animal proteins and plant proteins. In view of the available evidence, it has become acceptable to emphasize the …

Associations between caloric compensation ability and eating behaviour in infants

2018

Papel de las ómicas en la nutrición de precisión: fortalezas y debilidades

2018

Precision medicine has taken huge strides forward in recent years. Although there is still no generally accepted single definition, it basically considers the particular characteristics of each person as relevant in order to better adapt therapeutic or preventive measures in a more personalized fashion. Likewise, the concept of precision nutrition has gathered strength, in which the aim is to provide the best dietary recommendations to prevent or treat a disease in accordance with the characteristics of the individual in question. Of special importance among these characteristics are those based on omics. Initially genomics, and now epigenomics, metabolomics, proteomics and transcriptomics …

Multiplicative decomposition of the scaling effect in the Mixed Assessor Model into a descriptor-specific and an overall coefficients

2016

Abstract In 1994, Brockhoff and Skovgaard presented the so-called assessor model, including a “scaling coefficient” expressing the predisposition of a panelist to spread more or less his scores than the panel on a given sensory descriptor. This paper discusses potential scaling causes, and then proposes a decomposition of the scaling coefficient into two components: (i) an overall scaling coefficient, independent of the descriptors, expressing a psychological trend of the panelist towards the scoring task in general; (ii) a corrected scaling coefficient for each descriptor, expressing specific sensitivity of the panelist to the descriptor. Applied to 187 sensory datasets, this decomposition…

2020

α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is well-known for its anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, the influence of an ALA-rich diet on intestinal microbiota composition and its impact on small intestine morphology are not fully understood. In the current study, we kept adult C57BL/6J mice for 4 weeks on an ALA-rich or control diet. Characterization of the microbial composition of the small intestine revealed that the ALA diet was associated with an enrichment in Prevotella and Parabacteroides. In contrast, taxa belonging to the Firmicutes phylum, including Lactobacillus, Clostridium cluster XIVa, Lachnospiraceae and Streptococcus, had significantly lower abundance compared to control diet. Metagenome p…

Study of consumer perception of healthy menus at restaurants

2017

Abstract To improve food-away-from-home nutritional quality, not only must healthy food options be available but also consumers must respond by making those choices. However, this is not always possible, as consumers believe healthy foods are loss tasty. A new concept of gastronomy focused not only on sensations but also on nutrition and health is necessary. The aim of this research is to evaluate whether offering a healthy menu based on nutritional claims would be an interesting option for restaurants as well as to check the impact of proposed nutritional improvements on consumer’s acceptability of menus. 300 customers of a specific restaurant located in Valencia city center (Spain) partic…

Adolescents’ food packaging perceptions. Does gender matter when weight control and health motivations are considered?

2016

Abstract This paper investigates, first, to what extent adolescents highly involved in food are more worried about weight control and health than less involved adolescents. Second, it studies the impact of both food choice motivations on food packaging relevance, considering both, visual and informative packaging cues. Finally, these relationships are re-tested in two different frameworks: men and to this end, 589 adolescent consumers between 14 and 17 years were questioned. The interviews were done personally by an external company at the door of 30 different schools. Our results have confirmed the relevance of packaging informative cues over visual cues for adolescents highly worried abou…

Safe intake of a plant sterol-enriched beverage with milk fat globule membrane: Bioaccessibility of sterol oxides during storage

2018

Abstract Sterols in foods are susceptible to oxidation to form oxysterols. It is interesting for consumer health to know real intake and the possible associated adverse effects associated to oxysterols. This study measured oxysterol formation and bioaccessibility (BA) in a plant sterol (PS)-enriched milk-based fruit beverage with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) added at 0, 3 and 6 months of storage at room temperature. The same cholesterol (COPs) and phytosterol oxidation products (POPs) (exclusively from β-sitosterol) (7α/β-hydroxy, α/β-epoxy, triol and 7-keto) were detected in the beverage and its bioaccessible fraction. Total COPs and POPs contents were maintained during storage, and th…