Search results for "OBESITY"
showing 10 items of 1833 documents
Maternal body mass index, change in weight status from childhood to late adulthood and physical activity in older age
2021
This study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations of maternal body mass index (BMI), weight status in childhood and late adulthood and device-measured total physical activity (TPA) in older age. The study involves 552 participants from Helsinki Birth Cohort Study who were born in Helsinki, Finland, in 1934-1944. TPA was measured with a multisensory body monitor at a mean age of 70 years and expressed in metabolic equivalent of task hours/day (METh/d). Childhood overweight (BMI > 85th percentile) was based on school health records at 6-7 years of age, and late adulthood overweight (BMI >= 25 kg/m(2)) was based on clinical measurements at the mean age of 61 years. Childhood overweight…
549 Prevention of Obesity Through Healthy Nutrition in the First Year of Life
2012
Background Obesity, defined as excess body fat can be diagnosed at 6 months. In children, BMI percentiles are used, defining the overweight between 85–95 and obesity >95. The main predictors of primary obesity in infancy are high birthweight, parental obesity, low total energy expenditure and energy intake (EI). Aim Calculation of optimal EI in infants. Method Calculation of estimated energy requirements (EER) for infants was made according to the formulas: [(89×Gkg)-100]+175 between 0–3 months, [(89×Gkg)-100]+56, between 4–6 months, [(89×Gkg)-100]+22, between 7–12 months. Calculation of fluid requirements was made according to Apert formula: G g /10+200(300). Results Were studied 11 infant…
The impact of school-day variation in weight and height on National Child Measurement Programme body mass index-determined weight category in Year 6 …
2011
Background In England, the National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) annually measures the weight and height of Year 6 school children (age 10–11 years). While measurement protocols are defined, the time of measurement within the school day is not. This study examined the impact of school-day variation in weight and height on NCMP body mass index (BMI)-determined weight category in Year 6 children. Methods Standing height and weight were measured in morning and afternoon sessions in 74 children, boys (n= 34; height: 141.16 ± 7.45 cm; weight: 36.48 ± 9.46 kg, BMI: 18.19 ± 3.98 kg/m2) and girls (n= 40; height: 144.58 ± 7.66 cm; weight: 42.25 ± 11.29 kg; BMI: 19.97 ± 3.98 kg/m2) aged 11 ± 0.…
Effects of malvidin, cyanidin and delphinidin on human adipose mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteocytes.
2019
Abstract Background Anthocyanidins are plant phytochemicals found at high concentrations in berries, vegetables and flowers. Anthocyanidins have been extensively investigated due to their antioxidative, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Few studies show that anthocyanidins decrease obesity and improve bone density. However, the effects of anthocyanidins on tissue regeneration have not been sufficiently clarified. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells responsible for the regeneration of fat, bone and cartilage. Although MSCs are often used for screening of biologically active compounds, so far, the effect of anthocyanidins on MSC differentiation has n…
OBESITY: A NEW PATHOLOGY TO PAY ATTENTION TO IN YOUNG PEOPLE
2010
Obesity in young people is a form of malnutrition that is found more and more in industrialized countries known both for its association with obesity in adult age and the chronic-degenerate pathologies correlated to it. In 1998 in the United States the prevalence of obesity in 4-12 year olds was 22% for the Hispanics and Afro-Americans and 12.3% for the non Hispanic Caucasians Also in children as in adults, the consequence of obesity is hyperinsulinemia, in direct proportion to the body weight. In this review we discuss the effects of hyperinsulinemia and obesity in young people, and evaluated the difference of cardiovascular complication in young and in adults.
<p>Circulating Irisin Levels as a Marker of Osteosarcopenic-Obesity in Cushing’s Disease</p>
2020
Purpose To evaluate circulating irisin levels in patients with active and controlled Cushing's disease (CD). Design Forty-four patients with CD evaluated during the active phase and after 12 months of biochemical remission and 40 controls were recruited. Methods Phenotypic, anthropometric, hormonal and metabolic parameters, including insulin sensitivity estimation by homeostatic model of insulin resistance, Matsuda index and oral disposition index and circulating irisin levels were evaluated. Results Patients with active CD showed lower irisin levels compared to controls (p<0.001) and controlled CD (p<0.001). The independent variables significantly associated with irisin were waist circumf…
<p>Endothelial Function in Obese Patients Treated with Bariatric Surgery</p>
2020
Purpose Bariatric surgery (BS) is becoming an increasingly frequent treatment option especially in people with morbid obesity, demonstrating that it is able to reduce total mortality and cardiovascular (CV) risk. Despite endothelial dysfunction is an essential requisite contributing to atherosclerosis and predicting CV events, only some studies have investigated the effects of BS on endothelial function with controversial results. In this study, the effects of weight loss on endothelial function were investigated in obese patients after BS and compared with patients after medical nutrition treatment (MNT). Patients and Methods Seventeen obese patients who underwent BS procedures (9 adjustab…
Do childhood motor problems predict later academic achievement through physical activity, fitness and obesity?
2012
Obesity under full fresh fruit and vegetable access conditions
2021
There is no agreement regarding the role of fresh fruit and vegetables’ affordability, accessibility and availability, or access in general, on obesity rates. In this article we investigated whether access to fresh fruit and vegetables is related to better biometric indicators such as weight and body mass index. Using mediation and matching methods and assuming that farmers and traditional market sellers have easy access to fruit and vegetables, we found that having better access is not associated to a reduction in weight or body mass index. Potential explanations for this result are that better access was not associated with fresh fruit and vegetables’ consumption and fruit and vegetables’…
Do Intestinal Unicellular Parasites Have a Role in the Inflammatory and Redox Status among the Severely Obese?
2022
The diagnosis of obesity comprises subjects with totally different phenotypes and metabolic profiles. Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress derived from the white adipose tissue are suggested as the link between this disease and the development of insulin resistance and metabolic comorbidities. The presence of unicellular eukaryotic parasites colonizing the human gut ecosystem is a common circumstance, and yet their influence on the inflammatory and redox status of the obese host has not been assessed. Herein, a set of inflammatory and redox biomarkers were assessed together with a parasitological analysis of 97 severely obese subjects. Information was also collected on insulin resista…