Search results for "OBESITY"
showing 10 items of 1833 documents
Body composition assessment for the definition of cardiometabolic risk.
2013
Obesity is associated with a major prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and high risk of cardiovascular events and contributes to the increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Beyond the fat mass per se, the pattern of fat distribution has a profound influence on cardiometabolic risk. The increase in abdominal adipose tissue confers an independent risk, while the amount of gluteofemoral body fat is thought to be protective. Changes in the capacity of different depots to store and release fatty acids and to produce adipocytokines are important determinants of fat distribution and its metabolic consequences. Because of the complexity of the assessment of body fat with…
Liking for fat is associated with sociodemographic, psychological, lifestyle and health characteristics
2014
Sensory liking influences dietary behaviour, but little is known about specifically associated individual profiles. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between liking for fat-and-salt and fat-and-sweet sensations and sociodemographic, economic, psychological, lifestyle and health characteristics in a large sample. Individual characteristics and liking scores were collected by a questionnaire among 37 181 French adults. Liking scores were constructed using a validated preference questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between liking levels and individual characteristics. In both sexes, subjects belonging to low-l…
Childhood Environmental and Genetic Predictors of Adulthood Obesity: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
2011
Obesity from childhood to adulthood is associated with adverse health later in life. Increased youth BMI is a risk factor for later obesity, but it is unknown whether identification of other risk factors, including recently discovered genetic markers, would help to identify children at risk of developing adult obesity.Our objective was to examine the childhood environmental and genetic predictors of adult obesity.We followed 2119 individuals of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study for up to 27 yr since baseline (1980, age 3-18 yr).We evaluated adult obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m(2)].The independent predictors (P0.05) of adult obesity included childhood BMI, C-reactive pro…
A new risk score to assess atrial fibrillation risk in hypertensive patients (ESCARVAL-RISK Project.
2020
AbstractThis study aimed to assess atrial fibrillation (AF) incidence and predictive factors in hypertensive patients and to formulate an AF risk assessment score that can be used to identify the patients most likely to develop AF. This was a cohort study of patients recruited in primary healthcare centers. Patients aged 40 years or older with hypertension, free of AF and with no previous cardiovascular events were included. Patients attended annual visits according to clinical practice until the end of study or onset of AF. The association between AF incidence and explanatory variables (age, sex, body mass index, medical history and other) was analyzed. Finally, 12,206 patients were includ…
Effect of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Overweight/Obese Men Aged 42 to 60 Years
2018
The purpose of this study was to examine the subject and combined associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (fitness) and body mass index (BMI) with the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in middle-aged men. This prospective study was based on a population sample of 2,357 men aged 42 to 60 years, who were followed up in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease cohort study. Fitness was directly measured by peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) during progressive exercise testing to volitional fatigue. Participants were divided into 4 groups (fit-normal weight, unfit-normal weight, fit-overweight/obese, and unfit-overweight/obese) based on the median values of fitness and BMI. A total of 253 (10.7%) SCDs oc…
Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults.
2019
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities1,2. This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity3,4,5,6. Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017—and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions—w…
Obesity, hypertension and atherosclerosis
1993
Hypertension and obesity are associated with an increased risk of clinical cardiovascular complications due to atherosclerosis. Moreover has been reported that hypertension may predispose to atheroma development. In the present review some common aspects to hypertension and atherosclerosis including smooth muscle cell proliferation, endothelial damage and intervention of growth factors have been analyzed. Additional data have to be provided to explain if the connections between hypertension and atherosclerosis could be considered two effects with one unknown cause. In addition some aspects related to obesity and atherosclerosis have been dissected. In particular we have reported our results…
Different prevalence of some indices of cardiac and vascular impairment in normal weight and obese patients with essential arterial hypertension
1989
Certain physiopathological features that differentiate essential arterial hypertension in normal weight and obese patients are recalled. The results of a retrospective study carried out in 293 hypertensive patients admitted to the Clinic in recent years are reported with a view to evaluating the prevalence of certain parameters (ischaemic cardiopathy, left ventricular hypertrophy, renal, vasculo-cerebral and retinal impairment) in patients subdivided into two groups: normal weight and obese. The study showed in the first group a higher prevalence of signs of ischaemic cardiopathy; in the second a higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy. This difference is accentuated in the subgro…
Obesity and cardiovascular diseases.
1994
Obesity and overweight have great clinical and social significance and are associated with a number of medical and surgical complications. We attempt here to summarize current knowledge on the subject and describe the research we are presently carrying out in this field. After a brief introduction, definition, and discussion of etiopathogenesis, the indexes of ponderal excess and epidemiology are illustrated. The cardiovascular adjustments and the relationships between obesity and hypertension, ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure are then treated. One aim of our investigation was to study the modifications of an entire set of biological and clinical parameters which could co…
Prevalence of obesity and ischaemic heart disease in hypertensive subjects
1997
In the present study the prevalence of obesity and its association with ischemic heart disease, recognized according to clinical criteria (chest pain or previous infarction) and/or instrumental data, were described in 8,847 normotensive subjects and in 867 hypertensive subjects, hospitalized during a ten years period (1983-1992), through a cross-sectional study. In view of this all the subjects were considered as lean or obese according to their body mass index (BMI) and to sex specific cut-off values reported in the Italian Consensus Conference on Obesity. In particular, according to BMI values, the subjects were grouped as lean, overweight, moderate and severe obese subjects. Our results …