Search results for "OBESITY"

2020

Background Evidence suggests that mobile health app use is beneficial for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its associated complications; however, population-based research on specific determinants of health app use in people with and without T2D is scarce. Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to provide population-based evidence on rates and determinants of health app use among adults with and without T2D, thereby covering a prevention perspective and a diabetes management perspective, respectively. Methods The study population included 2327 adults without a known diabetes diagnosis and 1149 adults with known T2D from a nationwide telephone survey in Germany…

[The ketogenic diet: an underappreciated therapeutic option?].

2011

Obesity is reaching epidemic proportions in Western countries and is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite the constant recommendations of health care organizations regarding the importance of weight control, this goal often fails. Although there is a common agreement about the concept that exercise and diet are two key factors for the control of body weight, the ideal amount and type of exercise and also the ideal diet for weight control are still under debate. A widely accepted nutritional regime is the Mediterranean diet that has evident health benefits although less attention has been paid to see if the effects are due to other lifestyle factors which may contribute t…

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Polyphenols Contained in Mediterranean Diet in Obesity: Molecular Mechanisms

2021

Nutrition transition can be defined as shifts in food habits, and it is characterized by high-fat (chiefly saturated animal fat), hypercaloric and salty food consumption at the expense of dietary fibers, minerals and vitamins. Western dietary patterns serve as a model for studying the impact of nutrition transition on civilization diseases, such as obesity, which is commonly associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. In fact, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction can be associated with nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation in obesity. NF-κB regulates gene expression of several oxidant-responsive adipokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Moreover, AMP-act…

Uztura atbilstība ziemeļvalstu diētai un adipozitātes saistība Latvijas vispārējā populācijā

2022

Mērķis Šajā darbā izklāstītā pētījuma vispārējais mērķis bija novērtēt Jaunās Ziemeļvalstu diētas (JZD) rezultāts, novērtējiet saistību starp JZD punktu (JZDP) skaitu un vispārējo, vēdera un viscerālo aptaukošanos, izmantojot Jaunās Ziemeļvalstu diētas rezultātu kā rādītāju diētas ievērošana un antropometriskie mērījumi, tostarp ĶMI, viduklis apkārtmērs (VA), sagitālais vēdera diametrs (SAD) un vidukļa un gurnu attiecība (VGA) kā aptaukošanās indikatoru. Materiāls un metodes Dizains Pētījums ir potenciālā kohorta. Galvenā ekspozīcija bija ekspozīcija un Jaunās Ziemeļvalstu diētas ievērošana tiek klasificēta kā zema, vidēja un augsta adhēzija. Galvenais iznākums bija vispārēja, vēdera un vis…

Uso degli inibitori di pompa protonica in un Policlinico Universitario

2012

Summary Introduction Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are highly prescribed drugs in Italy and in particular in the Sicilian region but little is known about their use in the hospital setting. Materials and methods PPI utilization and related costs were reviewed retrospectively by examining the pharmaceutical records of drug dispensation to the various wards of the Policlinico Universitario P. Giaccone of Palermo in 2010. Differences in the prescribing rates and drug preferences among the different clinical wards were analyzed. Results A total of 20,420 patients were hospitalized at the Policlinico of Palermo in 2010. Overall, the consumption of PPIs was 120 DDD/100 bed-days for the year 2010 …

Common Neural Mechanisms of Palatable Food Intake and Drug Abuse: Knowledge Obtained with Animal Models

2019

Eating is necessary for survival, but it is also one of the great pleasures enjoyed by human beings. Research to date shows that palatable food can be rewarding in a similar way to drugs of abuse, indicating considerable comorbidity between eating disorders and substance-use disorders. Analysis of the common characteristics of both types of disorder has led to a new wave of studies proposing a Gateway Theory of food as a vulnerability factor that modulates the development of drug addiction. The homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms of feeding overlap with some of the mechanisms implicated in drug abuse and their interaction plays a crucial role in the development of drug addiction. Studies in…

From cars to bikes – the feasibility and effect of using e-bikes, longtail bikes and traditional bikes for transportation among parents of children a…

2017

Abstract Background The present study aims to increase bicycling and level of physical activity (PA), and thereby promote health in parents of toddlers, by giving access to different bicycle types. There is a need for greater understanding of e-bikes and their role in the transportation network, and further effects on PA levels and health. Moreover, longtail bikes could meet certain practical needs not fulfilled by e-bikes or traditional bikes, hence increased knowledge regarding their feasibility should be obtained. No previous studies have investigated whether providing an e-bike or a longtail bike over an extended period in a sample of parents of toddlers influence objectively assessed a…

Genetic ablation of macrohistone H2A1 leads to increased leanness, glucose tolerance and energy expenditure in mice fed a high-fat diet.

2015

Contains fulltext : 155347.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In the context of obesity, epigenetic mechanisms regulate cell-specific chromatin plasticity, perpetuating gene expression responses to nutrient excess. MacroH2A1, a variant of histone H2A, emerged as a key chromatin regulator sensing small nutrients during cell proliferation and differentiation. Mice genetically ablated for macroH2A1 (knockout (KO)) do not show overt phenotypes under a standard diet. Our objective was to analyse the in vivo role of macroH2A1 in response to nutritional excess. METHODS: Twelve-week-old whole-body macroH2A1 KO male mice were given a high-fat diet (60% energy from lard…

Reporte de las familias sobre los patrones de actividad física extraescolar en niñas y niños de educación infantil

2016

Early childhood education is an important opportunity in order to promote healthy habits. In doing so, it has been shown that parents attitudes, values and knowledge in relationship with physical activity could be determine children´s behaviours. For this reason, the main aim of this descriptive-exploratory study is to determine the parents perception of physical activity patterns of children between 3-4 years old from a public school of Valencia, Spain. It was used a previously validated questionnaire. Only 50% of the families reported that children participated in leisure time activities outside school. Of them, 50% and 38% participated during 2 and 1 time, respectively. 60% and 22% repor…

Obesity in the State of Mexico: Interfaces and concurrences

2014

AbstractIn Mexico, from the eighties decade, various documents were made, and in which is specified the health care of the population, including obesity, documents which have been enriched by documents recently issued yet. However, as a health problem, overweight and obesity have become major challenges, placing the country at first place in health statistics on worldwide. This situation is identified in the different zones of the country, such as in the case of the State of Mexico. The objective of this work was to understand the relationship between emission of health programs, its contents, and the performance of the participants. The present paper was documentary, retrospective, analyti…