Search results for "ODD"
showing 10 items of 1532 documents
High flow nasal therapy in immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2019
Abstract Purpose The role of high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) as compared to conventional oxygen therapy (COT) in immunocompromised patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) with acute respiratory failure (ARF) remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to address this issue. Methods We searched PubMed, Medline and Embase until November 7th, 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized prospective and retrospective evidence were selected. Observational studies were considered for sensitivity analysis. Primary outcome was mortality rate; intubation rate was a secondary outcome. Results We included four studies in the primary analysis: one RCT…
Decreased Esophageal Sensitivity to Acid in Morbidly Obese Patients: A Cause for Concern?
2017
Background/Aims: To evaluate esophageal sensitivity to acid between morbidly obese (MO) patients and non-MO controls with abnormal esophageal acid exposure. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 58 patients: 30 MO (cases) and 28 non-MO (controls). Esophageal symptoms and esophageal sensitivity to 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution (Bernstein test) were compared between MO and non- MO patients with a prior diagnosis of abnormal esophageal acid exposure. Results: MO patients were less symptomatic than non-MO controls (14% vs 96%; odds ratio [OR], 0.006; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.001 to 0.075; p=0.000). MO patients were more likely to present with decreased esophageal sensitivit…
Associated factors to psychiatric morbidity in postmenopausal phases.
1998
Abstract Background: The greatest risk of psychiatric morbidity during the climacteric years is linked to a greater exposure to stressful life experiences, women's dissatisfaction with their role in society and to an absence of social backup. The question to be posed now is the extent to which the longitudinal surveys can confirm, refute or complement the results of the cross-sectional analyses. Methods: A study involving population-based cohorts was carried out on a sample of 120 women who had been previously identified as being premenopausal or menopausal during a cross-sectional examination conducted between 1987 and 1988 within the city of Valencia (Spain). The aims were to analyze the …
Associations between parenting and substance use, meal pattern and food choices: A cross-sectional survey of 13,269 Norwegian adolescents
2019
Identifying factors that affect adolescent lifestyle behaviors is essential in order to develop effective generic prevention approaches. This study aimed to investigate the association between parental monitoring, parental emotional support, parental-adolescent conflict and adolescent substance use, meal pattern and food choices. The study included data from 13,269 Norwegian adolescents aged 13–16 years collected in 2016. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for gender, age and parental education were applied. Results show that low parental monitoring was associated with increased substance use (Odds ratios (OR) ranging from 2.8; 95% Confidence intervals (CI) 2.1–3.6 to OR 3.8;…
Safety of Topical Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Osteoarthritis: Outcomes of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
2019
Objective We aimed to assess the safety of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the management of osteoarthritis (OA) in a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Methods A comprehensive literature search was undertaken in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Scopus electronic databases. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trials that assessed adverse events (AEs) with topical NSAIDs in patients with OA were eligible for inclusion. Authors and/or study sponsors were contacted to obtain the full report of AEs. The primary outcomes were overall severe and serious AEs, as w…
The Value of BISAP Score for Predicting Mortality and Severity in Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
2015
Purpose The Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) score has been developed to identify patients at high risk for mortality or severe disease early during the course of acute pancreatitis. We aimed to undertake a meta-analysis to quantify the accuracy of BISAP score for predicting mortality and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Materials and Methods We searched the databases of Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify studies using the BISAP score to predict mortality or SAP. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated from each study and were compared with the traditional scoring systems. Results Twelv…
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Cardiotoxicity: An Analysis of Spontaneous Reports in Eudravigilance
2021
Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in the treatment of many cancers as they improve clinical outcomes. However, ICIs have also been associated with the development of immune-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Among immune-related ADRs, cardiac immune-related ADRs are rare, but also associated with high mortality rates. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of cardiac ADRs reported with ICIs in the European spontaneous reporting system. Methods We retrieved individual case safety reports on ICI-induced cardiac ADRs from the website of suspected ADR (www.adrreports.eu) of the European pharmacovigilance database (Eudravigilance).…
Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and reduced birth size: a prospective birth cohort study in Valencia, Spain
2010
Abstract Background Maternal exposure to air pollution has been related to fetal growth in a number of recent scientific studies. The objective of this study was to assess the association between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and anthropometric measures at birth in a cohort in Valencia, Spain. Methods Seven hundred and eighty-five pregnant women and their singleton newborns participated in the study. Exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was estimated by means of land use regression. NO2 spatial estimations were adjusted to correspond to relevant pregnancy periods (whole pregnancy and trimesters) for each woman. Outcome variables were birth weight, length, and head circumf…
Increased risk for cervical disease progression of French women infected with the human papillomavirus type 16 E6-350G variant.
2006
Abstract To test the significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and HPV16 E6 variants as risk factors for viral persistence and progression to high-grade lesion, we did a nested case-control study within a cohort study of >15,000 Caucasian French women. Three groups infected with high-risk HPV were compared: (a) women with cleared infection (controls, n = 201), (b) women with persistent infection (cases, n = 87), and (c) women who progressed into high-grade lesion (cases, n = 58). Women with persistent HPV infection and those that progressed into high-grade lesions were likelier to harbor HPV16 than other high-risk HPV types [odds ratio (OR), 2.4; 95% confidence interval (95%…
Are Multiple Domicile Changes a Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis?
1991
A retrospective case-control study was conducted to estimate the possible association between risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the number of changes in residence before the age 20 years. Forty-one patients and 82 controls were interviewed. Using the Mantel-Haenszel estimate of the odds ratio, no association was found between the number of moves and MS.