Search results for "OLD"
showing 10 items of 6469 documents
Motivated forgetting reduces veridical memories but slightly increases false memories in both young and healthy older people.
2017
The aim of the current study is to examine the effects of motivated forgetting and aging on true and false memory. Sixty young and 54 healthy older adults were instructed to study two lists of 18 words each. Each list was composed of three sets of six words associated with three non-presented critical words. After studying list 1, half of the participants received the instruction to forget List 1, whereas the other half received the instruction to remember List 1. Next, all the subjects studied list 2; finally, they were asked to remember the words studied in both lists. The results showed that when participants intended to forget the studied List 1, they were less likely to recall the stud…
Repetition increases false recollection in older people
2015
Aging is accompanied by an increase in false alarms on recognition tasks, and these false alarms increase with repetition in older people (but not in young people). Traditionally, this increase was thought to be due to a greater use of familiarity in older people, but it was recently pointed out that false alarms also have a clear recollection component in these people. The main objective of our study is to analyze whether the expected increase in the rate of false alarms in older people due to stimulus repetition is produced by an inadequate use of familiarity, recollection, or both processes. To do so, we carried out an associative recognition experiment using pairs of words and pairs of …
A simple description of age-related changes in crystalline lens thickness.
2010
Purpose An increase in lens thickness is often described as a linear function of age. However, contradictory opinions exist about whether the lens thickness continues to increase after 50 years of age. Differences in slope exist between this increase in younger and older people, but these findings are inconsistent with the linear behavior of an increase in the lens thickness throughout life. We investigated among different functions, including slope variation, which would be the best to show the relation between lens thickness and age. An available model portraying lens growth could be advantageous in many practical applications. The possibility of differences between sexes in lens thicknes…
Validation of a mechanical method for measuring skin thickness: relation to age, body mass index, skin thickness determined by ultrasound, and bone m…
2009
In a number of endocrine disorders, typical changes in skin thickness can be observed which make measurement of skin thickness interesting in this field. A newly developed mechanical method for measuring skin thickness is presented. Using a digital measuring screw on the dorsum of the hand with a defined measuring force of 10 newton and a resulting tissue compression of 1500 mm Hg, highly reproducible results were obtained (mean coefficient of variation 2.56%). In 129 women, 37 to 78 years old, body mass index < 30 kg/m2, there was no significant relation between body mass index and skin fold thickness. A negative correlation between skin fold thickness and age (r = 0.37, p < 0.001) was det…
Do healthy elders, like young adults, remember animates better than inanimates? An adaptive view
2016
International audience; Background/Study Context: It has been found that young adults remember animates better than inanimates. According to the adaptive view of human memory, this is due to the fact that animates are more important for fitness purposes than inanimates. This effect has been ascribed to episodic memory, where older people exhibit difficulties. Methods: Here the authors investigated whether the animacy effect in memory also occurs for healthy older adults. Older and young adults categorized words for their animacy characteristics and were then given an unexpected recognition test on the words using the Remember/Know paradigm. Executive functions were also evaluated using seve…
Differences in false recollection according to the cognitive reserve of healthy older people
2016
We present an associative recognition experiment comparing three samples of healthy people (young people, older people with high cognitive reserve [HCR], and older people with low cognitive reserve [LCR], with each sample consisting of 40 people), manipulating stimuli repetition during the study phase. The results show significant differences among the three samples in their overall performance. However, these differences are not due to a different use of familiarity, but rather due to a different way of using recollection: although there are no differences in the hit rates between the HRC and LRC samples, the LCR group makes significantly more recollective false alarms than the HCR group. …
Effects of Stimuli Repetition and Age in False Recognition
2018
The aim of the current study is to examine the effects of stimuli repetition and age in false recognition using the Deese–Roediger–McDermott experimental paradigm. Two matched samples of 32 young adults and 32 healthy older adults studied 10 lists of six words associated with three non-presented critical words. On half of the lists, the words were presented once, and on the other five lists, the words were presented three times, always following a same sequential order. After each study list, participants performed a self-paced recognition test containing 12 words: the 6 studied words and 6 other non-studied words (the 3 critical words and 3 distractors). The results show that false recogn…
Correlates of vibrotactile thresholds in men of different ages
1986
— As a part of a larger gerontological research project vibrotactile thresholds on the inner malleolus of the ankle were studied in 355 men aged 31–35, 51–55 and 71–75 years. The groups studied were random samples of men living in the town of Jyvaskyla in Finland in the year 1981. The thresholds were assessed at three frequencies: 50 Hz, 100 Hz and 250 Hz. The thresholds were associated with age at all frequencies, the means of the threshold values being significantly higher in the older age groups. Within the age groups the thresholds correlated positively with height. In addition, reaction and movement time, leg extension velocity, and postural sway were associated with the thresholds. Ne…
Nasal tactile sensitivity in allergic rhinitis
2011
These preliminary data show a decrease in nasal tactile sensitivity and point out interesting aspects of the nasal chronic inflammatory condition in allergic rhinitis.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of allergic rhinitis on nasal tactile sensitivity during the intercritical period.A total of 70 patients aged between 18 and 67 years (average 42 years), with a positive history of allergy caused by seasonal outdoor allergens, were included (group A). Patient outcome was assessed by the nasal monofilament test: a set of 20 Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments was used to detect nasal sensitivity for both nasal cavities. The sensitivity threshold was recorded as the minimum monofilame…
Direct measurement of cell-free DNA from serially collected capillary plasma during incremental exercise
2014
To investigate the kinetics of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) due to exercise, we established a direct real-time PCR for the quantification of cfDNA from unpurified capillary plasma by amplification of a 90- and a 222-bp multilocus L1PA2 sequence. Twenty-six male athletes performed an incremental treadmill test. For cfDNA measurement, capillary samples were collected serially from the fingertip preexercise, during, and several times postexercise. Venous blood was drawn before and immediately after exercise to compare capillary and venous cfDNA values. To elucidate the strongest association of cfDNA accumulations with either cardiorespiratory or metabolic function during exercise, capillary cfDNA val…