Search results for "OLIGOSACCHARIDE"
showing 10 items of 91 documents
Core oligosaccharide of Escherichia coli B—the structure required for bacteriophage T4 recognition
2015
Abstract The structure of Escherichia coli B strain PCM 1935 core oligosaccharide has been investigated by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF MS and ESI MSn. It was concluded that the core oligosaccharide is a pentasaccharide with the following structure: ESI MS/MS analysis revealed that the glycine (a minor component) is linked to the →3,7)- l -α- d -Hepp-(1→ residue.
Triterpene Saponins from Tupidanthus calyptratus
2001
Five new bisdesmosidic saponins (1--5) were isolated from the aerial parts of Tupidanthus calyptratus. Their structures were determined by (1)H--(1)H correlation spectroscopy (COSY, TOCSY, ROESY) and (1)H--(13)C correlation (HSQC, HMBC) NMR experiments, FABMS, and chemical data.
Influence of Prebiotic Fructans on Retronasal Aroma from Elderly Individuals
2021
This study investigates for the first time the role of fructans with prebiotic effects (oligofructose and inulin) on retronasal aroma among elderly individuals. The impact of oligofructose (20% w/w) on retronasal aroma release was investigated using proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) after 73 elderly individuals consumed aqueous solutions aromatized with five aroma compounds (pentan-2-one, nonan-2-one, hexan-2,3-dione, octanal and linalool). The influence of oligofructose and inulin (10% w/w) on the perceived intensity (n = 26) of two aroma descriptors (butter and floral) was also studied together with the possibility of a dumping effect on aroma evaluation due to the sweet…
Xylo-Oligosaccharides in Prevention of Hepatic Steatosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Associating Taxonomic and Metabolomic Patterns in Fecal Mic…
2021
We have shown that prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) increased beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and prevented high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, but the mechanisms associated with these effects are not clear. We studied whether XOS affects adipose tissue inflammation and insulin signaling, and whether the GM and fecal metabolome explain associated patterns. XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD) or low (LFD) fat diet for 12 weeks in male Wistar rats (n = 10/group). Previously analyzed GM and fecal metabolites were biclustered to reduce data dimensionality and identify interpretable groups of co-occurring genera and metabolites. Based on our findings, biclustering provides a use…
Distribution patterns in glycoconjugate expression during the development of the rat palate.
1994
The distribution of complex carbohydrate structures during the embryonic development of the rat palate was analysed by examining lectin-binding patterns in serial paraffin and cryostat sections. With few exceptions, the binding patterns showed a general increase in lectin receptors in the more developed stages of palatogenesis. High mannose oligosaccharides were especially amplified during development. Terminal fucose molecules were not expressed. In contrast, terminal sialic acid molecules were ubiquitously distributed in epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. Non-sialylated terminal N-acetylglucosamine was specifically restricted to evolving bone matrix. Before palatal fusion, quantitative b…
Linking Human Milk Oligosaccharides, Infant Fecal Community Types, and Later Risk To Require Antibiotics
2020
Human milk is the sole and recommended nutrition for the newborn infant and contains one of the largest constituents of diverse oligosaccharides, dubbed human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Preclinical and clinical association studies indicate that HMOs have multiple physiological functions largely mediated through the establishment of the gut microbiome. Until recently, HMOs were not available to investigate their role in randomized controlled intervention trials. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the effects of 2 HMOs on establishing microbiota in newborn infants. We provide a detailed description of the microbiota changes observed upon feeding a formula with 2 HMOs in comparis…
Clinical evaluation of a new starter formula for infants containing live Bifidobacterium longum BL999 and prebiotics.
2006
Abstract Objectives The larger number of bifidobacteria in the intestine of breast-fed infants has been associated with their better health compared with formula-fed infants. We assessed the safety and tolerability of an experimental formula containing 2 × 10 7 colony-forming units of Bifidobacterium longum BL999 and 4 g/L of a prebiotic mixture containing 90% galacto-oligosaccharides and 10% fructo-oligosaccharides. Methods A 7-mo prospective, randomized, reference-controlled, double-blinded trial was performed in infants who were not breast fed after the 14th day of birth. One hundred thirty-eight infants were enrolled and assigned to receive the control or experimental formula until they…
Growth and safety evaluation of infant formulae containing oligosaccharides derived from bovine milk: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority trial
2014
A limited number of nondigestible oligosaccharides are available for use in infant formula. This study evaluated growth and safety in infants fed formula supplemented with a mixture of bovine milk-derived oligosaccharides (BMOS). This mixture, which was generated from whey permeate, contains galactooligosaccharides and other oligosaccharides from bovine milk, such as 3′- and 6′-sialyllactose. We hypothesized that growth in infants fed BMOS-supplemented formula would be noninferior to that in infants fed standard formula. Healthy term infants ≤14 days old were randomly assigned to standard formula (control; n = 84); standard formula with BMOS (IF-BMOS; n = 99); or standard formula with BMOS …
Prebiotic Xylo-Oligosaccharides Ameliorate High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Rats
2020
Understanding the importance of the gut microbiota (GM) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has raised the hope for therapeutic microbes. We have shown that high hepatic fat content associated with low abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in humans and, further, the administration of F. prausnitzii prevented NAFLD in mice. Here, we aimed at targeting F. prausnitzii by prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) to treat NAFLD. First, the effect of XOS on F. prausnitzii growth was assessed in vitro. Then, XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD, 60% of energy from fat) or low (LFD) fat diet for 12 weeks in Wistar rats (n = 10/group). XOS increased F. prausnitzii growth, having onl…
Proteins in amorphous saccharide matrices: Structural and dynamical insights on bioprotection
2013
Bioprotection by sugars, and in particular trehalose peculiarity, is a relevant topic due to the implications in several fields. The underlying mechanisms are not yet clearly elucidated, and remain the focus of current investigations. Here we revisit data obtained at our lab on binary sugar/water and ternary protein/sugar/water systems, in wide ranges of water content and temperature, in the light of the current literature. The data here discussed come from complementary techniques (Infrared Spectroscopy, Molecular Dynamics simulations, Small Angle X-ray Scattering and Calorimetry), which provided a consistent description of the bioprotection by sugars from the atomistic to the macroscopic …