Search results for "ONSET"
showing 10 items of 496 documents
''Forward to the past''
2012
Carlini, Alessandro | Actis-Grosso, Rossana | Stucchi, Natale | Pozzo, Thierry; International audience; ''Our daily experience shows that the CNS is a highly efficient machine to predict the effect of actions into the future; are we so efficient also in reconstructing the past of an action? Previous studies demonstrated we are more effective in extrapolating the final position of a stimulus moving according to biological kinematic laws. Here we address the complementary question: are we more effective in extrapolating the starting position (SP) of a motion following a biological velocity profile? We presented a dot moving upward and corresponding to vertical arm movements that were masked i…
Spatial coherence of monsoon onset over Western and Central Sahel (1950-2000)
2009
Abstract The spatial coherence of boreal monsoon onset over the western and central Sahel (Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso) is studied through the analysis of daily rainfall data for 103 stations from 1950 to 2000. Onset date is defined using a local agronomic definition, that is, the first wet day (>1 mm) of 1 or 2 consecutive days receiving at least 20 mm without a 7-day dry spell receiving less than 5 mm in the following 20 days. Changing either the length or the amplitude of the initial wet spell, or both, or the length of the following dry spell modifies the long-term mean of local-scale onset date but has only a weak impact either on its interannual variability or its spatial coher…
Application of daily rainfall principal component analysis to the assessment of the rainy season characteristics in Senegal
2003
The interannual variability of the onset and cessation dates of the rainy season (RS) in Senegal is analyzed over the 43 yr period 1950-1992, using daily rainfall data for 34 stations. The use of principal component analysis, based on rainfall only, is explored to identify aggregate, regional indexes for the onset and cessation of the rains. The minimum and maximum values of the cumula- tive scores of principal component 1, for each year, are used to locate the onset and cessation dates, respectively. Very distinct spatial rainfall patterns are found before and after the onset/cessation dates. Mean dates compare favorably with those based on other definitions, though our method is not meant…
Multi-scale study of the rainy season onset over the Sudano-Sahelian belt: Spatial coherence and potential predictability
2011
The spatial coherence of boreal monsoon onset (July-September) over the western and central Sahel is studied through the analysis of daily rainfall records for 136 rain-gauges from 1950-2000. Onset of the rainy season has been defined using 3 definitions which rely on 3 overlapped spatial scales: (i) the regional scale, i.e. the northward ITCZ jump from Guinean to Soudano-Sahelian latitudes, (ii) the meso-scale related with the first occurrence of the main rainfall-generating phenomenon, that is squall line and (iii) the local-scale of the first rainfall recorded at the rain-gauge. Local and meso-scale onsets show a weak degree of instantaneous and inter-annual spatial coherence, meaning th…
Étude climatique de la mousson vietnamienne et applications à la prévision saisonnière
2008
This thesis aims at documenting the physical and dynamic processes associated with the monsoon circulation of Vietnamese regional and synoptic scales, to explore the predictability of its key components and develop statistical and dynamical methods for forecasting the monsoon onset and seasonal. It is divided into two parts. The first part is, in fact, a climate study based on analysis of diagnostic data: - first, the monthly rainfall and temperature data station over the period 1960-2000 are used to analyze the cycle and the variability of these fields on the seven traditional climatic regions of Vietnam using the observed precipitation in various stations. Classifications and correlations…
Identification and diagnosis of patients with familial chylomicronaemia syndrome (FCS): Expert panel recommendations and proposal of an "FCS score".
2018
Familial chylomicronaemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare, inherited disorder characterised by impaired clearance of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins from plasma, leading to severe hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) and a markedly increased risk of acute pancreatitis. It is due to the lack of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) function, resulting from recessive loss of function mutations in the genes coding LPL or its modulators. A large overlap in the phenotype between FCS and multifactorial chylomicronaemia syndrome (MCS) contributes to the inconsistency in how patients are diagnosed and managed worldwide, whereas the incidence of acute hypertriglyceridaemic pancreatitis is more frequent in FCS. A panel of Eu…
Advances in immunopathogenesis of macrophage activation syndrome during rheumatic inflammatory diseases: toward new therapeutic targets?
2017
Introduction: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a severe, hyperinflammatory life-threatening syndrome, generally complicating different rheumatic diseases. Despite the severity of the disease, little is known about the pathogenic mechanisms and, thus, possible targeted therapies in the management of these patients. Areas covered: In this review, we aimed to update the current pathogenic knowledge of MAS, during rheumatic diseases, focusing mainly on immunologic abnormalities and on new possible therapeutic strategies. Expert commentary: The difficult pathogenic scenario of MAS, in which genetic defects, predisposing diseases, and triggers are mixed together with the high mortality rat…
Muscle Function Differences between Patients with Bulbar and Spinal Onset Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Does It Depend on Peripheral Glucose?
2021
Background: One of the pathogenic mechanisms of ALS disease is perturbed energy metabolism particularly glucose metabolism. Given the substantial difference in the severity and the prognosis of the disease, depending on whether it has a bulbar or spinal onset, the aim of the study was to determine metabolic differences between both types of ALS, as well as the possible relationship with muscle function. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, analytical, quantitative, and transversal study was carried out in hospitals and Primary Care centers in the region of Valencia, Spain. Fasting glucose and alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels in venous blood, muscle percentage, fat percentage, muscle streng…
Comparing tacrolimus ointment and oral cyclosporine in adult patients affected by atopic dermatitis: a randomized study
2004
BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic allergic inflammatory disease, which manifests itself with eczematous skin lesions. OBJECTIVE: We compared the clinical efficacy of tacrolimus ointment (0.1%) given twice a day and oral cyclosporine (3 mg/kg) given once daily. Rescue medication for itching included cetirizine 10-20 mg (equal to one or two tables). METHODS: Thirty patients, aged 13-45 years (mean+/-SD 27.1+/-10.9), with a history of moderate-to-severe AD were randomized to treatments, 15 patients for each treatments. Assessment of efficacy was based on SCORAD, on scores of daily itching, erythema, interference with sleep, due to the skin condition and days without use of cetiri…
1H-NMR-Based Metabolomics in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome
2022
We recently described a unique plasma metabolite profile in subjects with pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS), suggesting pathogenic models involving specific patterns of neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Here, we extend the analysis to a group of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as a consensus has recently emerged around its immune-mediated pathophysiology with a widespread involvement of brain networks. This observational case-control study enrolled patients referred for PANS and ASD from June 2019 to May 2020, as well as neurotypical age and gender-matched control subjects. Thirty-four PANS outpatients, fifteen ASD outpatients, an…