Search results for "OPTICS"

showing 10 items of 10033 documents

The dependence of circular dichroism in photoemission on the optical properties of Cs monolayers on Pt(111)

1997

We report on the dependence of dichroic photoemission excited by circularly polarised light on the angle of photon incidence. We measured the difference in the angle-resolved photoemission intensities from Cs 5p semi-core levels excited by photons of opposite helicity, which is known as CDAD. We found that the dependence of the measured differences on the angle of light incidence deviates strongly from the model of CDAD for free atoms, as expected. Using the Fresnel equations and a complex index of refraction, one finds that not only the third component but also the second component of the Stokes vector is responsible for the excitation process. Both Stokes components change sign if the ini…

Circular dichroismPhotonChemistryAnalytical chemistryPhysics::OpticsSurfaces and InterfacesFresnel equationsCondensed Matter PhysicsLinear dichroismHelicitySurfaces Coatings and Filmssymbols.namesakeExcited stateMaterials ChemistrysymbolsStokes parametersAtomic physicsRefractive indexSurface Science
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Influence of the symmetry on the circular dichroism in angular resolved core-level photoemission

2002

The model for angular resolved photoemission from adsorbed atoms is extended to account for the non-axial symmetry of atoms in a crystal field. In particular, circular dichroism in the angular distribution (CDAD) is theoretically investigated. A special emphasis is put on the case when incident photons are propagating along the principal axis of an atom in Cnv symmetry. The model, although mainly developed for adsorbates, may also be used as a base for emission from solid surfaces. An extension to simple bulk symmetries, like D for hexagonal or O for cubic crystals, is included. The CDAD 6 hh for normal incidence does not vanish in the extended model and reflects the symmetry of the adsorpt…

Circular dichroismRadiationPhotonScatteringChemistryDichroismPhotoelectric effectCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSymmetry (physics)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystalAtomPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsSpectroscopyJournal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
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Tributo al professor Miguel F. Refojo, PhD, DSc (1928---2016)

2016

[Excerpt] July 21, 2016, Professor Miguel F. Refojo passed away at the age of 88 in Needham (Massachusetts). Saying that Miguel was one of the most renowned Spanish scientists of the second half of the XXth Century does not resembles its actual scientific size. Indeed, Miguel (or “Migüel” as most of his American friends pronounced his name) was a World Class scientist and inventor that will be forever linked to the advances in polymer science applied to the ophthalmic environment. His contributions in the biomedical field start “officially” in 1967 according to the National Library of Medline database (Pubmed-Medline). [...]

Ciências Naturais::Ciências Físicasmedia_common.quotation_subjectCorneal Diseases:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]Art historyHistorical ArticleTributeBiographyArt03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePortraitEditoriallcsh:Ophthalmologylcsh:RE1-994MAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOS030221 ophthalmology & optometrylcsh:QC350-467lcsh:Optics. Light030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOptometrymedia_commonJournal of Optometry
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Temperature imaging and image processing in the steel industry

1996

Our aim is twofold: to present our temperature measurement system based on CCD technology, which gives a linear response versus temperature, and to display two industrial applications in which our system has been involved to optimize and characterize the process. We present a short summary dealing with temperature evaluations from radiation measurements. We consider especially the problems of the surroundings, the atmosphere, and the emissivity assumption. After selecting a value for the emissivity, we show that the use of the CCD technology enables us to obtain high spatial and temporal resolution temperature imaging, and provides further information, mainly a linear response versus temper…

Cladding (metalworking)Computer sciencebusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringImage processingRadiationTemperature measurementAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAtmosphereTemporal resolutionEmissivityProcess controlProcess engineeringbusinessOptical filterImage resolutionSimulationOptical Engineering
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Methods of Digital Hilbert Optics in the Analysis and Objects’ Recognition

2016

This paper describes methods on how to increase the effectiveness of objects’ pictures identification based on correlation methods. The main concept of increasing the discriminant effectiveness is based on highlighting of characteristic points of recognized objects by applying Hilbert transformations. Study of the effectiveness of Digital Hilber Optics (DHO) have been performed on a set of aircrafts, whose models rendered first as binary images, and then as grayscale. It has been performed a very detailed analysis of requirements on resources of information system’s which would in a real world support the discriminatory decision of objects’ class for which the sample database has been creat…

Class (computer programming)business.industryComputer scienceBinary imagedigital Hilbert transformationsSample (graphics)GrayscaleSet (abstract data type)Identification (information)OpticsDiscriminantInformation systemComputer visionArtificial intelligenceobject identificationtexture identificationbusiness
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On singularities of discontinuous vector fields

2003

Abstract The subject of this paper concerns the classification of typical singularities of a class of discontinuous vector fields in 4D. The focus is on certain discontinuous systems having some symmetric properties.

Class (set theory)Mathematics(all)SingularityNormal formGeneral MathematicsMathematical analysisTopologyDiscontinuous systemsReversibilityGravitational singularityVector fieldDiscontinuous vector fieldsFocus (optics)MathematicsBulletin des Sciences Mathématiques
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Rigidity of quasisymmetric mappings on self-affine carpets

2016

We show that the class of quasisymmetric maps between horizontal self-affine carpets is rigid. Such maps can only exist when the dimensions of the carpets coincide, and in this case, the quasisymmetric maps are quasi-Lipschitz. We also show that horizontal self-affine carpets are minimal for the conformal Assouad dimension.

Class (set theory)Pure mathematicsMathematics::Dynamical SystemsGeneral Mathematicsquasisymmetric mapsMathematics::General TopologyPhysics::OpticsConformal mapRigidity (psychology)01 natural sciencesDimension (vector space)0103 physical sciencesClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsMathematics::Metric Geometry0101 mathematicsself-affine carpetsMathematicsta111010102 general mathematicsPhysics::Classical PhysicsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs010307 mathematical physicsAffine transformation28A80 37F35 30C62 30L10
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Lasers for in-vivo skin diagnostics: some recent developments

2019

The recent advancements of three laser-based diagnostic technologies developed at the Riga group are briefly reviewed: (i) RGB imaging of cw-laser excited skin autofluorescence intensity and photobleaching rate distributions, (ii) ps-laser excited skin autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance kinetics analysis, (iii) snapshot RGB skin chromophore mapping under triple-laser illumination. These techniques have passed preliminary laboratory and clinical tests which have demonstrated a promising potential for further implementation in portable devices for routine clinical applications. Operation principles, set-up schemes and some clinical results obtained by the above-mentioned techniques are …

Clinical testsAutofluorescenceOpticsMaterials sciencelawbusiness.industrySkin autofluorescenceLaserbusinessPhotobleachinglaw.invention20th International Conference and School on Quantum Electronics: Laser Physics and Applications
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Express RGB mapping of three to five skin chromophores

2017

Skin melanin, oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin were snapshot-mapped under simultaneous 448-532-659 nm laser illumination by a smartphone RGB camera. Experimental prototypes for double-snapshot RGB mapping of four (melanin, bilirubin, oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin) and five (melanin, bilirubin, lipids, oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin) skin chromophores with reduced laser speckle artefacts have been developed and tested. A set of 405-448-532-659 nm lasers were used for four chromophores mapping, and a set of 405-448-532-659-842 nm lasers for five chromophores mapping. Clinical tests confirmed functionality of the developed devices.

Clinical testsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryChromophoreSmartphone applicationLaser01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsSpeckle patternOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsRGB color modelLaser illuminationbusinessSPIE Proceedings
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Shapes and oscillations of raindrops with reduced surface tensions: Measurements at the Mainz vertical wind tunnel

2013

Abstract Important characteristics of raindrops pertinent to fields in atmospheric sciences such as weather radar or pollution scavenging are drop shape, oscillation frequency and amplitude, as well as the internal circulation. Atmospheric raindrops are never pure water drops but contain additional components like aerosol particles and dissolved species. Surface active substances, when present, reduce the surface tension of raindrops and, thus, increase the drop deformation which in turn affects breakup and coalescence, pollutant scavenging, and, finally, the formation of precipitation. Experiments were performed at the Mainz vertical wind tunnel with raindrops freely suspended at their ter…

Coalescence (physics)Atmospheric ScienceMaterials scienceTerminal velocitybusiness.industryOscillationDrop (liquid)MechanicsBreakupAerosolSurface tensionOpticsbusinessWind tunnelAtmospheric Research
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