Search results for "OPTICS"

showing 10 items of 10033 documents

Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity Depending from Keratoconus Apex Position

2017

Abstract Various studies have demonstrated that patients with keratoconus have significant loss of contrast sensitivity while its value varies in different studies. None of these studies has analysed reduced contrast sensitivity depending on the position of apex of corneal conus. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were evaluated for patients with keratoconus using the FrACT software. Contrast sensitivity was assessed at the following frequencies: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 cycles per degree (cpd). Twenty-four eyes with keratoconus were analysed. Contrast sensitivity was significantly lower for patients with the apex at the centre compared with apex on the periphery both with (p = 0.0…

contrast sensitivityKeratoconusmedicine.medical_specialtyMultidisciplinaryVisual acuitygenetic structuresGeneral interestbusiness.industrykeratoconusSciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectQapex on the peripherymedicine.diseaseeye diseasesApex (geometry)apex at the centreOpticsOphthalmologymedicineContrast (vision)medicine.symptombusinessSensitivity (electronics)media_commonProceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
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Towards an efficient meshfree solver

2016

In this paper we focus on the enhancement in accuracy approximating a function and its derivatives via smoothed particle hydrodynamics. We discuss about improvements in the solution by reformulating the original method by means of the Taylor series expansion and by projecting with the kernel function and its derivatives. The accuracy of a function and its derivatives, up to a fixed order, can be simultaneously improved by assuming them as unknowns of a linear system. The improved formulation has been assessed with gridded and scattered data points distribution and the convergence has been analyzed referring to a case study in a 2D domain.

convergenceaccuracyLinear systemFunction (mathematics)SolverSmoothed-particle hydrodynamicssymbols.namesakeSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaData pointConvergence (routing)Taylor seriessymbolsmeshless methodFocus (optics)AlgorithmMathematics
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Constraining the pass-band of future space-based coronagraphs for observations of solar eruptions in the FeXIV 530.3 nm “green line”

2017

This research has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 647214) and from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Observations of the solar corona in the FeXIV 530.3 nm “green line” have been very important in the past, and are planned for future coronagraphs on-board forthcoming space missions such as PROBA-3 and Aditya. For these instruments, a very important parameter to be optimized is the spectral width of the band-pass filter to be centred over the “green line”. Focusing on solar eruptions, motions occurring along the line of sight will Doppler shift the line prof…

coronal mass ejections [Sun]corona [Sun]media_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics01 natural sciences010309 opticssymbols.namesakeSuperposition principle0103 physical sciencesSpectral widthQB AstronomySun: Coronal mass ejections010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCmedia_commonLine (formation)Spectral purityQBPhysicsLine-of-sightnumerical [Methods]Sun: CoronaAstronomyInstrumentation: CoronagraphsAstronomy and AstrophysicsDASQC Physics13. Climate actionSkySpace and Planetary Sciencecoronagraphs [Instrumentation]Methods: NumericalsymbolsMagnetohydrodynamicsDoppler effectExperimental Astronomy
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Resolution Characterizations of JetRIS in Mainz Using 164Dy

2022

Atoms 10(2), 57 (2022). doi:10.3390/atoms10020057

de Laval nozzlenobeliumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsScience & TechnologyRESONANCE IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPYPhysicsJetRIS; fluorescence spectroscopy; gas-jet; de Laval nozzle; nobeliumPhysics Atomic Molecular & Chemicalfluorescence spectroscopyCondensed Matter Physics530Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsJetRISPhysical SciencesELEMENTSgas-jetddc:530Physics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear ExperimentLASER SPECTROSCOPYAtoms
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Liquid structure of a choline chloride-water natural deep eutectic solvent: A molecular dynamics characterization

2021

The liquid structure of a representative of the first water-in-salt (WiS) Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES), hereinafter indicated as aquoline, a mixture of choline chloride (ChCl) and water with molar ratio 1:3.33, is ex- plored at ambient conditions. Using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation tools, we extract structural informa- tion at atomistic level on the nature of inter-correlations between the different moieties. Despite being a very fluid liquid, with much lower viscosity than other common ChCl-based DES, aquoline turns out to be very struc- tured. Computed X-ray and neutron weighted scattering patterns (the latter also on selectively deuterated mix- tures) highlight the existe…

deep eutectic solvent02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesChloridechemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsPhase (matter)Materials ChemistrymedicineMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyEutectic systemChemistryHydrogen bond021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsmolecular dynamicsPARTICLE MESH EWALDIONIC LIQUIDSNEUTRON-SCATTERINGMIXTURESNANOSTRUCTUREDENSITYACID0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDeep eutectic solventPhysical chemistry0210 nano-technologyliquid structuremedicine.drugCholine chloride
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Time-Frequency Characteristics of In-Home Radio Channels Influenced by Activities of the Home Occupant

2019

While aging is a serious global concern, in-home healthcare monitoring solutions are limited to context-aware systems and wearable sensors, which may easily be forgotten or ignored for privacy and comfort reasons. An emerging non-wearable fall detection approach is based on processing radio waves reflected off the body, who has no active interaction with the system. This paper reports on an indoor radio channel measurement campaign at 5.9 GHz, which has been conducted to study the impact of fall incidents and some daily life activities on the temporal and spectral properties of the indoor channel under both line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed-LOS (OLOS) propagation conditions. The time-frequ…

device-free fall detectionComputer scienceReal-time computingWearable computerVDP::Information and communication science: 42002 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technology01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticleAnalytical ChemistryDoppler power spectral density0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringlcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationnon-stationary radio channels010401 analytical chemistry020206 networking & telecommunicationsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesTime–frequency analysisspectrogram analysisVDP::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsvitenskap: 420Radio waveCommunication channelambient-assisted livingSensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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Reconfigurable nonlinear response of dielectric and semiconductor metasurfaces

2021

Abstract Optically resonant dielectric and semiconductor metasurfaces are an emerging and promising area of nanophotonics and light–matter interaction at the nanoscale. Recently, active tuning of the linear response and nonlinear effects of these components has received an increasing amount of interest. However, so far these research directions have remained separated with only few sporadic works that study their combination beginning to appear in the literature. The evolution of nonlinear metasurfaces based on dielectric and semiconductor materials toward reconfigurable and dynamic components could potentially answer the demand of integrated on-chip components that realize essential functi…

dielectric metasurfaces nanophotonics nonlinear optics second-harmonic generation third-harmonic generationMaterials sciencebusiness.industrydielectric metasurfaces; nanophotonics; nonlinear optics; second-harmonic generation; third-harmonic generationPhysicsQC1-999nonlinear opticsNanophotonicsSecond-harmonic generationNonlinear opticsPhysics::OpticsSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiDielectricAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsthird-harmonic generationNonlinear systemSemiconductorOptoelectronicsnanophotonicsdielectric metasurfacesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessBiotechnologysecond-harmonic generationNanophotonics
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Review of photoelastic image analysis applied to structural birefringent materials: glass and polymers

2015

Photoelasticity is particularly suitable for the analysis of the stress state in structural materials that are transparent and birefringent. Some techniques of digital photoelasticity (phase shifting and RGB) are applied to the analysis of stress field in two classes of structural materials. The first one consists of tempered glasses, such as those used in the automotive and architectural fields. The second one consists of thermoset polymers, typically used as matrices in fiber reinforced plastic structural composites. The birefringence of such resins is, in particular, exploited to investigate the development of swelling stresses and changes in fracture toughness as induced by water uptake…

digital photoelasticityPhotoelasticityBirefringenceMaterials scienceStructural materialGeneral Engineeringresidual streFibre-reinforced plasticAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsfracture toughnessStress fieldStress (mechanics)Settore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica E Costruzione Di MacchineFracture toughnesshydrothermal ageingResidual stressglaSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieComposite materialphotoelastic image analysiSettore ING-IND/15 - Disegno E Metodi Dell'Ingegneria Industrialethermoset polymer
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Direct Measurement of Mammographic X-Ray Spectra with a Digital CdTe Detection System

2012

In this work we present a detection system, based on a CdTe detector and an innovative digital pulse processing (DPP) system, for high-rate X-ray spectroscopy in mammography (1–30 keV). The DPP system performs a height and shape analysis of the detector pulses, sampled and digitized by a 14-bit, 100 MHz ADC. We show the results of the characterization of the detection system both at low and high photon counting rates by using monoenergetic X-ray sources and a nonclinical X-ray tube. The detection system exhibits excellent performance up to 830 kcps with an energy resolution of 4.5% FWHM at 22.1 keV. Direct measurements of clinical molybdenum X-ray spectra were carried out by using a pinhole…

digital pulse processingmammographyAnalytical chemistrylcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleAnalytical ChemistryCdTe detectorsCdTe detectorOpticsmedicineCadmium CompoundsMammographylcsh:TP1-1185Computer SimulationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationPhysicsDosimetermedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAttenuationSpectrum AnalysisX-RaysDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentalehigh photon counting rateCdTe detectors Digital Pulse Processing MammographySignal Processing Computer-AssistedAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Full width at half maximumX-ray spectroscopy; high photon counting rate; CdTe detectors; digital pulse processing; mammographyIonization chamberX-ray spectroscopyTelluriumbusinessHalf-value layerSensors; Volume 12; Issue 6; Pages: 8390-8404
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Beta-spectrum shapes of forbidden β decays

2018

The neutrinoless [Formula: see text] decay of atomic nuclei continues to attract fervent interest due to its potential to confirm the possible Majorana nature of the neutrino, and thus the nonconservation of the lepton number. At the same time, the direct dark matter experiments are looking for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) through their scattering on nuclei. The neutrino-oscillation experiments on reactor antineutrinos base their analyses on speculations of [Formula: see text]-spectrum shapes of nuclear decays, thus leading to the notorious “reactor antineutrino anomaly.” In all these experimental efforts, one encounters the problem of [Formula: see text]-spectrum shapes of…

direct dark matter searchNuclear and High Energy Physicsaxial-vector coupling strengthSHELL modelforbidden beta decaysdouble beta decay01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsDouble beta decay0103 physical sciencesBeta (velocity)beta spectrum shapes010306 general physicsreactor antineutrino anomalyaxial-charge matrix elementPhysicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsSpectrum (functional analysis)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMAJORANAAtomic nucleusHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoInternational Journal of Modern Physics A
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