Search results for "ORIENTATION"
showing 10 items of 1041 documents
Visual motion integration controls attractiveness of objects in walking flies and a mobile robot
2008
Walking fruit flies are attracted by near-by objects. They estimate the distance to these objects by the parallax motion of their images on the retina. Here we provide evidence from robot simulations that distance is assessed by motion integration over large parts of the visual field and time periods of 0.5 s to 2 s. The process in flies is not selective to image motion created by the self-motion of the fly but also sensitive to object motion and to the pattern contrast of objects. Added visual motion (e.g. oscillations) makes objects more attractive than their stationary counterparts. Front-to-back motion, the natural parallax motion on the eyes of a forward-translating fly, is preferred. …
Seeing with the visual cortex
1984
A short analysis of the input-output organization of the primary visual cortical areas in the cat and monkey is followed by a description of the salient microelectrophysiological properties of retino-geniculo-cortical system neurons. It is concluded that a strict hierarchical model of cortical processing of visual information is no longer tenable.
Entrepreneurial marketing: a comparative study
2013
This paper uses a comparative study to explore entrepreneurial marketing orientation in small software technology firms, in relation to firm growth. Entrepreneurial Marketing (EM) acknowledges the interface between entrepreneurship, marketing and innovation and, pursuance of customer value. Researchers acknowledge that firms adopting other strategic orientations combined with a market orientation are more likely to outperform their competitors. Currently, there are few comparative studies of knowledge-intensive technology firms and no comparative cross-country studies, which consider firm growth and orientation from the EM perspective. This paper addresses these issues by using an entrepren…
Les élèves français et québécois à risque de décrochage scolaire : comparaison entre les facteurs de risque personnels, familiaux et scolaires
2011
This comparative study aimed to compare factors that are associated to the risk of dropping out of school amongst students from lower secondary school (12-16) in France (Aquitaine) and Quebec (Estrie). Results indicate that the factors that differentiate at risk and non at risk students are personal, family and school factors with a predominance of school factors whichever the country. This research work confirms the complexity of factors that impact on early school leaving and the necessity of devising multi-level interventions while considering the diversity of school droppers.
: Entering University in Taiwan: the Reform
2005
A reform of further education is presently at work in Taiwan, which concerns university access: the programme for diversified admissions in university. In a first place, the author analyses the implementation of this reform and gives a historical light to it. He briefly presents the former programme for admission, the main problems met by students and the repercussions for secondary education. The author then turns towards the problems raised by the Programme for Diversified Admission in University, such as fairness and credibility. He eventually suggests ameliorations to the Programme, as taking all-year results in secondary schools into account, and modifying the way universities are fund…
Que faire des enquêtes sur la réussite à l'université ?
1989
International audience; Ce texte propose une réflexion sur les possibilités et les limites de l'utilisation des données empiriques de plus en plus nombreuses dont on dispose aujourd'hui tant sur le passage secondaire / supérieur que sur les conditions de réussite dans le supérieur lui-même. On y recense les problèmes méthodologiques qui se posent à qui veut utiliser ces enquêtes, tout en soulignant combien il est délicat de les intégrer dans le débat politique sur l'accès à l'enseignement supérieur. L'objectif est de faire en sorte que le conseiller d'orientation puisse jouer en l'occurence un rôle d'"utilisateur averti", extrêmement précieux tant au niveau individuel qu'au niveau instituti…
Socially desirable responding:enhancement and denial in 20 countries
2015
This article investigated the dimensionality, measurement invariance, and cross-cultural variations of social desirability. A total of 3,471 university students from 20 countries completed an adapted version of the Marlowe–Crowne scale. A two-dimensional structure was revealed in the pooled sample, distinguishing enhancement (endorsement of positive self-description) and denial (rejection of negative self-description). The factor structure was supported in most countries; medium-sized item bias was found in two denial items. In a multilevel analysis, we found that (a) there was more cross-cultural variation in denial than enhancement; (b) females tended to score higher on enhancement where…
Layer thickness optimisation in a laminated composite
1997
Abstract The paper describes a method to optimise the thickness balance within a composite laminate with layers oriented according to a limited set of angles. The laminate must be symmetric, balanced and loaded in-plane. The optimisation process is particularly suited to be used in conjunction with a finite element program. It provides the designer with the optimal overall engineering characteristics anda list of all the possible orientation combinations ranked with respect to their safety factor. The optimisation method is based on the first order gradient optimum search method and operates iteratively in the engineering elastic characteristics field. The cost function implemented up to no…
Transformando las prácticas de evaluación en las agencias de innovación para fomentar transiciones hacia la sostenibilidad
2019
The aim of the study is to identify different styles and practices for evaluation of innovation policies based on different orientations, focusing on the case of the paradigm of transformative change to foster transitions towards sustainability, and the problems associated with its application. The study is exploratory, and it uses public funding agencies for innovation as strategic research settings. Based on the information provided by the experience of an international consortium participated by funding agencies from different countries, the main concepts and problems presented in the theoretical debate are illustrated. Finally, the main contributions of the study to the theory and pract…
Three-Dimensional Separation and Characterization of Fractures in X-Ray Computed Tomographic Images of Rocks
2020
Open fractures can affect petrophysical properties of their host rock masses, as well as fluid transport and storage, so characterization of them is important to both industrial and research scientists. X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), a non-destructive technique for 3D imaging of various materials, shows such fractures well in rock samples. However, separation and characterization of fractures in CT data is complicated when a scanned sample contains narrow and intersecting fractures, because narrow fractures become blurred when thinner than the scanner resolution and their value approximates the one of the matrix, and because intersecting features are difficult to individually characterize.…