Search results for "ORP"
showing 10 items of 15031 documents
Evaluation and Comparison of Novel Precursors for Atomic Layer Deposition of Nb2O5 Thin Films
2012
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Nb2O5 thin films was studied using three novel precursors, namely, tBuN═Nb(NEt2)3, tBuN═Nb(NMeEt)3, and tamylN═Nb(OtBu)3. These precursors are liquid at room temperature, present good volatility, and are reactive toward both water and ozone as the oxygen sources. The deposition temperature was varied from 150 to 375 °C. ALD-type saturative growth modes were confirmed at 275 °C for tBuN═Nb(NEt2)3 and tBuN═Nb(NMeEt)3 together with both oxygen sources. Constant growth rate was observed between a temperature regions of 150 and 325 °C. By contrast, amylN═Nb(OtBu)3 exhibited limited thermal stability and thus a saturative growth mode was not achieved. All films we…
Accumulation of radiation defects and modification of micromechanical properties under MgO crystal irradiation with swift 132Xe ions
2020
This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 and 2019-2020 under grant agreement No. 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. A.A. also acknowledges support via the project GF AP05134257 of Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan .
Comparison of the F-type center thermal annealing in heavy-ion and neutron irradiated Al2O3 single crystals
2018
Abstract The optical absorption and thermally stimulated luminescence of Al2O3 (sapphire) single crystals irradiated with swift heavy ions (SHI) 238U with energy 2.4 GeV is studied with the focus on the thermal annealing of the F-type centers in a wide temperature range of 400–1500 K. Its theoretical analysis allows us to obtain activation energies and pre-exponentials of the interstitial oxygen ion migration, which recombine with both types of immobile electron centers (F and F+ centers). A comparison of these kinetics parameters with literature data for a neutron-irradiated sapphire shows their similarity and thus supports the use of SHI-irradiation for modeling the neutron irradiation.
Impact of the molecular structure of an indandione fragment containing azobenzene derivatives on the morphology and electrical properties of thin fil…
2016
Abstract The solution casting method is low-cost processing method. Moreover, it is possible to prepare amorphous thin films by using this method, and thus, both optical quality and electrical properties could be improved in compare to polycrystalline films made by thermal evaporation in vacuum. Therefore, low-molecular-weight compounds that form amorphous structure from solution could be promising in organic electronics. In this work film morphology, molecule energy levels, and charge carrier mobility in thin films of indandione fragment containing azobenzene derivatives were studied. Deep charge carrier trapping states that drastically influenced charge carrier mobility were observed for …
Mixed-Mode Operation of Hybrid Phase-Change Nanophotonic Circuits
2016
Phase change materials (PCMs) are highly attractive for nonvolatile electrical and all-optical memory applications because of unique features such as ultrafast and reversible phase transitions, long-term endurance, and high scalability to nanoscale dimensions. Understanding their transient characteristics upon phase transition in both the electrical and the optical domains is essential for using PCMs in future multifunctional optoelectronic circuits. Here, we use a PCM nanowire embedded into a nanophotonic circuit to study switching dynamics in mixed-mode operation. Evanescent coupling between light traveling along waveguides and a phase-change nanowire enables reversible phase transition b…
The ${JV}$ -Characteristic of Intermediate Band Solar Cells With Overlapping Absorption Coefficients
2017
An analytic expression for the $\textit {JV}$ -characteristic of intermediate band (IB) solar cells with overlapping absorption coefficients is derived. The characteristic contains six voltage-independent parameters that are calculated from material properties, cell properties, and external conditions. Combined with exponential functions containing the cell voltage, these describe the full $\textit {JV}$ -characteristic. Expressions are also derived for the short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage. The model represents a major simplification compared with the existing model for this type of devices. The simplicity will facilitate the understanding of the operation of such cells. Furth…
Scaling up electrically synchronized spin torque oscillator networks
2018
AbstractSynchronized nonlinear oscillators networks are at the core of numerous families of applications including phased array wave generators and neuromorphic pattern matching systems. In these devices, stable synchronization between large numbers of nanoscale oscillators is a key issue that remains to be demonstrated. Here, we show experimentally that synchronized spin-torque oscillator networks can be scaled up. By increasing the number of synchronized oscillators up to eight, we obtain that the emitted power and the quality factor increase linearly with the number of oscillators. Even more importantly, we demonstrate that the stability of synchronization in time exceeds 1.6 millisecond…
Description of intermodulation generation of nonlinear responses beyond the validity of the power series expansion
2021
Weakly nonlinear responses are commonly described by a power series expansion. However, intermodulation distortion products that cannot be described by a power series have been observed in a variety of physical systems. As the power series description is only applicable within its radius of convergence, we choose an alternative approach based on Fourier coefficients to describe intermodulation levels beyond the convergence of the power series. The description over a wide power range allows us to make a decision about models and to determine previously inaccessible model parameters. We apply the approach to data obtained from the characterization of the nonlinear dielectric susceptibility of…
Influence of “Productive” Impurities (Cd, Na, O) on the Properties of the Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 Absorber of Model Solar Cells
2021
The research has been supported by grant of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan AP09562784. The authors (D. Sergeyev) acknowledges the provision of SCAPS-1D software by Prof. Marc Burgelman. The research of A.I. Popov has been supported by the Institute of Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Latvia (UL). ISSP UL as the Centre of Excellence is supported through the Framework Program for Euro-pean Universities Union Horizon 2020, H2020-WIDESPREAD-01–2016–2017-TeamingPhase2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, CAMART2 project.
Sub-nanosecond excitonic luminescence in ZnO:In nanocrystals
2019
The financial support of research European Union ERA.NET RUS_ST20170-51 . This work was partly supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russia , project No. 18-52-76002 . The sample preparation was carried out as part of SFERA II project -Transnational Access activities ( European Union 7th Framework Programme Grant Agreement N3126430 ).