Search results for "OTR"

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Belpaoviridae 2021

2021

The family Belpaoviridae comprises metazoan-infecting reverse-transcribing viruses with long terminal repeats, commonly known as Bel/Pao LTR retrotransposons. These viruses share evolutionary history and genes involved in genome replication and virion formation with reverse-transcribing viruses of the families Metaviridae, Pseudoviridae, Retroviridae and Caulimoviridae. These five families form the order Ortervirales. This is a summary of the ICTV Report on the family Belpaoviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/belpaoviridae.

Reverse-transcribing viruses (Belpaoviridae, Metaviridae, and Pseudoviridae)

2021

Fourth Edition.

Selenomethionine labeling of large biological macromolecular complexes: probing the structure of marine bacterial virus PM2.

2008

There is a need for improved tools for labeling protein species within large macromolecular assemblies. Here we describe a method for the efficient selenomethionine labeling of the membrane-containing bacterial virus PM2 for structural studies. By examining potential host cells a strain was found which was auxotrophic for methionine, and by performing a multiparameter search of conditions it was possible to derive a robust protocol which simultaneously minimized the toxic effects of the selenomethionine, so that a reasonable virus yield was maintained, whilst still achieving essentially complete labeling. This has allowed us to fingerprint the protein constituents of the virus in a relative…

Modelling the inhibitory effect of copper sulfate on the growth of Penicillium expansum and Botrytis cinerea

2011

Aims:  This study aimed to investigate the effect of copper sulfate (from 0 to 8 mmol kg−1) on radial growth rate and lag time of two moulds responsible for vine grapes spoilage: Penicillium expansum strain 25·03 and Botrytis cinerea, strains BC1 and BC2. Methods and results:  A new model was developed to describe tailing and shoulders in the inhibition curves. Because of tailing, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), was not defined as the concentration at which no growth was observed, but as the concentration at which the lag time was infinite. The concentrations at which μ = μopt/2, (Cu50), were in the range of 2·2–2·6 mmol kg−1. Radial growth rate of P. expansum and the reciprocal…

2020

The rapid developments in the next-generation sequencing methods in the recent years have provided a wealth of information on the community structures and functions of endophytic bacteria. However, the assembly processes of these communities in different plant tissues are still currently poorly understood, especially in wild plants in natural settings. The aim of this study was to compare the composition of endophytic bacterial communities in leaves and roots of arcto-alpine pioneer plant Oxyria digyna, and investigate, how plant tissue (leaf or root) or plant origin affect the community assembly. To address this, we planted micropropagated O. digyna plants with low bacterial load (bait pla…

Neuronal inhibition of the autophagy nucleation complex extends lifespan in post-reproductive C. elegans

2017

AbstractAutophagy is a ubiquitous catabolic process, which causes cellular bulk degradation of cytoplasmic components and thereby regulates cellular homeostasis. Inactivation of autophagy has been linked with detrimental effects to cells and organisms. The antagonistic pleiotropy theory postulates that fitness promoting genes during youth are harmful during aging (Williams 1957). On this basis we examined genes mediating post-reproductive longevity using an RNA interference screen. From this screen we identified 30 novel regulators of post-reproductive longevity including pha-4. Through downstream analysis of pha-4 we identify that genes governing the early stages of autophagy up until the …

Validation of Using Smartphone Built-In Accelerometers to Estimate the Active Energy Expenditures of Full-Time Manual Wheelchair Users with Spinal Co…

2021

[EN] This study aimed to investigate the validity of using built-in smartphone accelerometers to estimate the active energy expenditures of full-time manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury (SCI). Twenty participants with complete SCI completed 10 5-min daily activities that involved the upper limbs, during which their oxygen consumption and upper limb activity were registered using a portable gas analyzer and a smartphone (placed on the non-dominant arm), respectively. Time series of 1-min averaged oxygen consumption and 55 accelerometer variables (13 variables for each of the four axes and three additional variables for the correlations between axes) were used to estimate three mu…

Corticospinal Tract Integrity and Long-Term Hand Function Prognosis in Patients With Stroke

2019

Background: The restoration of hand function is an important goal for patients with stroke. This study investigated the relationship between corticospinal tract (CST) integrity and the functional status of the hand in patients with stroke 6 months after onset and evaluated which of the following values would be useful for predicting hand function: fiber number (FN), fractional anisotropy (FA) at the mid-pons, and FA at the pontomedullary junction. Methods: The present retrospective cross-sectional observational study assessed 44 patients with stroke who were able to walk without using a walking aid or orthosis. The final hand function results were classified into three groups: no recovery (…

PNA

2007

Resumen basado en el de la publicación Se presentan algunos de los resultados más relevantes de un estudio sobre la problemática de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de los números complejos. Para ello se presenta un cuestionario en el que se ha planteado a un grupo de 19 alumnos de primero de la Licenciatura de Matemáticas una serie de problemas relacionados con la materia. Este estudio está dirigido a recabar información para sustentar sugerencias de intervención en las pautas educativas en relación con esta temática. Se concluye que los alumnos presentan dificultades e inconsistencias al responder a las tareas del cuestionario y se cuestiona la educación recibida por los alumnos en lo que se…

Influence of the structures of ionic liquids on Hantzsch ester synthesis

2015

Maģistra darbā pētīta sakarība starp jonu šķidrumu struktūrām un Hanča estera sintēžu iznākumiem, tās veicot šajos jonu šķidrumos un lietojot urotropīnu kā reaģentu amonjaka un formaldehīda vietā. Sintezēti un raksturoti piecpadsmit šim pētījumam vajadzīgie jonu šķidrumi. Tie satur katjonus un anjonus ar mērķtiecīgi izmainītām struktūrām, lai varētu novērtēt šo jonu šķidrumu hidrofobo, ūdeņraža saišu donora-akceptora un elektrostatisko ietekmi uz pētīto Hanča estera sintēzes rezultātu. Šajā pētījumā ir salīdzināti alifātiskie un aromātiskie katjoni un anjoni, kā arī apspriesta jonu šķidrumu katalītiskā iedarbība salīdzinājumā ar to šķīdinātāja efektu. Darbā ir demonstrēta papildus katalizat…