Search results for "OVERWEIGHT"
showing 10 items of 579 documents
Effect of childhood developmental coordination disorder on adulthood physical activity; Arvo Ylppö longitudinal study
2022
Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Individuals at risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have low levels of physical activity in childhood due to impaired motor competence; however, physical activity levels in adulthood have not been established. This study sought to determine the impact of DCD risk on physical activity levels in adults using accelerometry measurement. Participants (n = 656) from the Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study cohort had their motor competence assessed at the age of five years, and their physical activity quantified via device assessment at the age of 25 years. Betwe…
Physical activity and breast cancer risk by pathological subtype
2017
Abstract Objective To examine the influence of physical activity on breast cancer risk and evaluate whether adherence to international recommendations is associated with a decreased risk. Methods This is a multicenter matched case-control study where 698 pairs completed a physical activity questionnaire. Recreational physical activity during the last year was quantified in metabolic equivalent hours per week (MET-h/week) and categorized in activities of moderate (3.0–5.9 MET) and vigorous (>6 MET) intensity. The adherence to World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research recommendation was also assessed. The association with breast cancer risk, overall and by path…
Are under- and overweight female elite athletes thin and fat? A controlled study.
2012
Purpose: The study�s purpose was to relate body mass index (BMI) to body fat percentage as measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in female elite athletes from different sports and nonathletic controls and to investigate what characterizes the athletes with unhealthy low and high body fat values. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases: 1) screening with a detailed questionnaire, 2) body composition measurement (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), and 3) clinical interview. All female elite athletes representing national teams at the junior or senior level age 13�39 yr (n = 938) and an age group�matched randomly selected population-based control group (n = 900) were invited t…
Effects of hypocaloric very-low-carbohydrate diet vs. Mediterranean diet on endothelial function in obese women
2009
Obesity is a cardiovascular risk factor associated with endothelial dysfunction, but the effect of different weight loss strategies on endothelial function is not known. The effect of diet on endothelial function in two hypocaloric diets, a very-low-carbohydrate diet (A) and a Mediterranean diet (M), was measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Design Using a longitudinal, randomized, open study design, subjects were engaged in a 2-month weight loss diet. FMD, inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha] and a marker of oxidative stress [8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha)] were measured in subjects on three occasions: before init…
Women With and Without Metabolic Disorder Differ in Their Gut Microbiota Composition
2012
The aim of this study was to investigate whether overweight/obese women in metabolic disorder group (MDG, n = 27) differ in their gut microbiota composition from overweight/obese women in non-metabolic disorder group (NMDG, n = 47) and normal weight women group (NWG, n = 11). Gut microbiota was profiled from fecal samples by 16S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization and flow cytometry in 85 premenopausal women. Body composition was measured by bioimpedance, and dietary intakes were collected via food diaries. Standard procedures were used to assess plasma glucose, serum insulin, lipids, and inflammatory status. We found that the proportion of bacteria belonging to Eubacterium rectale-Clos…
Heterogeneity of muscle activity during sedentary behavior
2016
Replacing sitting by standing has been hypothesized to reduce the health risks of sitting, based on the assumption that muscles are passive during sitting and active during standing. Interventions have been more effective in overweight (OW) than in normal weight (NW) individuals, but subjects’ muscle activities have not been quantified. This study compared quadriceps and hamstring muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity between 57 NW (body mass index (BMI) 22.5 ± 1.5 kg/m2, female n = 36) and 27 OW (BMI 28.4 ± 2.9 kg/m2, female n = 8) subjects during non-fatiguing standing (15 s, EMGstanding) and sitting (30 min). EMG amplitude was normalized to EMG measured during maximal isometric knee e…
The effect of a prenatal lifestyle intervention on glucose metabolism: Results of the Norwegian Fit for Delivery randomized controlled trial
2017
Background: The effectiveness of prenatal lifestyle intervention to prevent gestational diabetes and improve maternal glucose metabolism remains to be established. The Norwegian Fit for Delivery (NFFD) randomized, controlled trial studied the effect of a combined lifestyle intervention provided to a general population, and found significantly lower gestational weight gain among intervention participants but no improvement in obstetrical outcomes or the proportion of large infants. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of the NFFD intervention on glucose metabolism, including an assessment of the subgroups of normal-weight and overweight/obese participants. Methods: Healthy, …
Obesity reduces uterine receptivity: clinical experience from 9,587 first cycles of ovum donation with normal weight donors
2013
Objective To analyze the reproductive outcome of recipients of donated ova according to their body mass index (BMI). Design Twelve-year retrospective cohort analysis. Setting Fertility clinics. Patient(s) 9,587 first cycles of ovum donation with ova from normoweight donors. Intervention(s) Recipients divided according to their BMI to analyze IVF laboratory and outcome parameters: lean with BMI 2 (n = 1,458; 15.2%); normoweight with BMI 20–24.9 kg/m 2 (n = 5,706; 59.5%), overweight with BMI 25–29.9 kg/m 2 (n = 1,770; 18.5%), and obese with BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 (n = 653; 6.8%). Main Outcome Measure(s) Implantation, biochemical and clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and live-birth rates. Result(s) In …
Differences in dyslipidemia between American and Italian women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
2008
Abstract BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic complication in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to determine if differences exist in dyslipidemia in women with PCOS from different ethnic and geographical backgrounds. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated the serum fasting lipid profiles of 106 women with PCOS from the United States and 108 women with PCOS from Italy evaluated at endocrinology clinics. RESULTS: American women had higher mean body mass index than Italian women (36.1+/-8.6 vs 28.1+/-5.8 kg/m2, p<0.01). Low HDL-cholesterol was the most prevalent lipid abnormality in both populations. U.S. women had higher mean levels of serum total chol…
Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic health in overweight and obese adults
2021
Background Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been inversely associated with insulin resistance and clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors among overweight and obese individuals. However, most previous studies have scaled CRF by body mass (BM) possibly inflating the association between CRF and cardiometabolic health. We investigated the associations of peak oxygen uptake (V O2peak) and peak power output (Wpeak) scaled either by BM-1, fat free mass (FFM-1), or by allometric methods with individual cardiometabolic risk factors and clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors in 55 overweight or obese adults with metabolic syndrome. Methods V O2peak and Wpeak were assessed by a maximal cycl…