Search results for "OXIDASE"

Xanthine Oxidase Is Involved in Free Radical Production in Type 1 Diabetes

2002

The aim of this work was to study the mechanism of free radical formation in type 1 diabetes and its possible prevention. We have found oxidation of blood glutathione and an increase in plasma lipoperoxide levels in both human type 1 diabetes and experimental diabetes. Peroxide production by mitochondria does not increase in diabetes. On the contrary, the activity of xanthine oxidase, a superoxide-generating enzyme, increases in liver and plasma of diabetic animals. The increase in plasma xanthine oxidase activity may be explained by the increase in the hepatic release of this enzyme, which is not due to nonspecific membrane damage: release of other hepatic enzymes, such as the amino transf…

Combined sub-optimal doses of Rosuvastatin and Bexarotene impairs angiotensin II-induced arterial mononuclear cell adhesion through inhibition of Nox…

2015

Aim: Mononuclear cell (MC) infiltration into the arterial subendothelium is a key event in atherogenesis. Rosuvastatin (Rosu) and bexarotene (Bex) exert anti-inflammatory activity, but serious dose-related adverse effects have emerged. The need for safer and effective strategies to prevent and treat atherosclerosis led us to test the effect of combined use of both drugs on angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced arterial MC recruitment. Results: Vehicle, Rosu (10–30 nM), Bex (0.3–1 μM), or a combination of both were administered to human umbilical arterial endothelial cells (HUAECs) 20 h before stimulation with 1 μM Ang-II (4 h). Surprisingly, a combination of Rosu (10 nM)+Bex (0.3 μM), which did n…

Increased susceptibility to lipid peroxidation in skeletal muscles of dystrophic hamsters.

1989

The results showed that the total content of lipids, which could be peroxidized with Fe(2 +)/ascorbate stimulation in vitro, was 45.4% and 53.7% higher than normal in the dystrophic hamster muscle at the age of 1 and 3 months, respectively. Correspondingly, the susceptibility to lipid peroxidation (stimulated by ADP-chelated iron at 37 degrees C) was 38.6-74.3% higher in dystrophic muscles. The increases were not related to necrotic lesions and inflammation observed. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase and catalase were increased in dystrophic muscles but those of superoxide dismutases and glutathione peroxidase were unaffected.

In vitro free radical scavenging capacity of thyroid hormones and structural analogues.

2001

It was reported that thyroid hormones decreased Cu(2+)-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in vitro. Here, we investigated free radical scavenging capacities of thyroid hormones (3,5,3'-tri-iodo-L-thyronine (T(3)), thyroxine (T(4)) and 3,3',5'-tri-iodo-L-thyronine (rT(3))) and structural analogues (L-thyronine (T(0)), 3,5,3'tri-iodothyroacetic acid (TA(3)) and 3,5,3',5'-tetra-iodothyroacetic acid (TA(4))), using three different models of free radical generation. T(0), T(3) and TA(3) slowed down production of conjugated diene and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances during LDL oxidation by 2,2'-azobis-[2-amidinopropane] (water-soluble), whereas rT(3), T(4) and TA(4) had practi…

Is oxidative stress a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease?

2010

An abnormal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent decrease in vascular bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) have long been proposed to be the common pathogenetic mechanism of the endothelial dysfunction, resulting from diverse cardiovascular risk factors such as hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus, chronic smoking, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension. Superoxide produced by the nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, mitochondrial sources, or the xanthine oxidase may react with NO, thereby resulting in excessive formation of peroxynitrite, a reactive nitrogen species that has been demonstrated to accelerate the atherosclerotic process by causing d…

417 SOLUBLE CELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULES, MYELOPEROXIDASE, AND NEOPTERIN IN METABOLIC SYNDROME PATIENTS WITH STABLE AND UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS

2011

Long-term cardiovascular risk of e-cigarettes

2020

Controlled Ovarian Stimulation Induces a Functional Genomic Delay of the Endometrium with Potential Clinical Implications

2008

Context: Controlled ovarian stimulation induces morphological, biochemical, and functional genomic modifications of the human endometrium during the window of implantation. Objective: Our objective was to compare the gene expression profile of the human endometrium in natural vs. controlled ovarian stimulation cycles throughout the early-mid secretory transition using microarray technology. Method: Microarray data from 49 endometrial biopsies obtained from LH+1 to LH+9 (n = 25) in natural cycles and from human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) +1 to hCG+9 in controlled ovarian stimulation cycles (n = 24) were analyzed using different methods, such as clustering, profiling of biological processes…

Oxidative Stress and Ubiquitin Ligases: their involvement in skeletal muscle atrophy

2015

Introduction Muscle atrophy plays a relevant role in the many very prevalent diseases. Generation of reactive oxygen species (mainly by the xanthine oxidase) and inflammation are two of the main triggers of muscle atrophy. Aim The major aim of our study was to determine the mechanism by which reactive oxygen species activate E3 ubiquitin ligases (MuRF-1 and MAFbx) cause muscle atrophy. Possible prevention by allopurinol, a well-known xanthine oxidase inhibitor widely used in clinical practice; and by indomethacin, a non-steroidal antiinflamatory drug was also studied. Materials and methods Male C57BL/6J mice (3 months old) conditioned by 14 days of hindlimb unloading with or without each tr…

Bafetinib inhibits functional responses of human eosinophils in vitro

2012

Eosinophils play a prominent role in the process of allergic inflammation. Non-receptor associated Lyn tyrosine kinases generate key initial signals in eosinophils. Bafetinib, a specific Abl/Lyn tyrosine kinase inhibitor has shown a potent antiproliferative activity in leukemic cells, but its effects on eosinophils have not been reported. Therefore, we studied the effects of bafetinib on functional and mechanistic responses of isolated human eosinophils. Bafetinib was more potent than non-specific tyrosin kinase comparators genistein and tyrphostin inhibiting superoxide anion triggered by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF; 100 nM) (−log IC50=7.25±0.04 M; 6.1±0.04 M; and 6.55±0.03 M, respectively).…