Search results for "OXIDATIVE STRESS"
showing 10 items of 1857 documents
The Impact of Epigallocatechin Gallate and Coconut Oil Treatment on Cortisol Activity and Depression in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
2021
(1) Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is pathogenically characterized by high oxidative stress and symptomatically by progressive muscle loss and increased body fat associated with the presence of depression. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (particularly present in green tea) and ketone bodies (in particular beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB)), whose main source is coconut oil, have shown emotional benefits and body fat loss. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of EGCG and coconut oil on cortisol activity related to fat loss and depression in MS patients. (2) Methods: The study involved 51 MS patients who were randomly divided into an intervention group or a control group. The interven…
Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy
2021
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a progressive asymptomatic neuro-vascular complication of diabetes that triggers irreversible retinal damage [...]
Combined effects of aging and a pro-diabetic diet on retinal function in a murine model of aging of the human eye
2009
; Purpose: Improvement of life expectancy and changes in the dietary behaviour of developed populations are accompanied with the prevalence of diabetes and age-related ocular pathologies. Aging of the retina is characterized by accumulation of lipids at the basement of the retinal pigment epithelium - Bruch’s membrane complex.Meanwhile increased oxidative stress is one of the features of aging and diabetes. A fructose-rich diet induces insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia, mimicking diabetes. The goal of our study was to evaluate the effects of a pro-diabetic fructose-enriched diet on the retinal function of the ApoB100,LDLR-/- mice, a murine model of aging of the human eye. Methods…
Aerobic Exercise During Advance Stage of Uncontrolled Arterial Hypertension
2021
Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:45:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-06-03 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Universidade Estadual Paulista Aim: To evaluate the influence of physical training on myocardial function, oxidative stress, energy metabolism, and MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), at advanced stage of arterial hypertension, which precedes heart failure development. Methods: We studied four experimental groups: normotensive Wistar rats (W, n = 27), trained W (W-EX, n = 31), SHR (n = 27), and exercised SHR (SHR-E…
Nitrate therapy: new aspects concerning molecular action and tolerance.
2011
Although the short-term vasodilatory properties of organic nitrates are potent and well known, a number of vascular and extravascular changes have been shown to compromise their hemodynamic effects on long-term administration. Among these changes, systemic phenomena such as neurohormonal activation and intravascular volume expansion1 as well as specific vascular changes such as increased vascular superoxide (O2·−) production,2 increased sensitivity to vasoconstrictors,3 and decreased responsiveness to nitric oxide (NO) donors4,5 have long been identified as playing a role. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these abnormalities, and over the last 15 years, our groups have focus…
Increased nitrotyrosine plasma levels in relation to systemic markers of inflammation and myeloperoxidase in chronic heart failure
2009
The presence of a reciprocal link between inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress has been postulated in chronic heart failure (CHF). We aimed to determine signs of nitrosative stress in serum/plasma of CHF patients. ELISA tests were used for quantification of serum/plasma levels of Nitrotyrosine (NT), H(2)O(2), total NO, nitrite (NO(2)(-)), myeloperoxidase (MPO), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (proBNP) in 66 CHF patients (9 in NYHA I, 34 NYHA II, 23 NYHA III) and in 14 age-matched healthy subjects. NT levels were higher in NYHA III CHF patients compared to NYHA II (p<0.05), NYHA I (p<0.03) and controls (p<0.02), whereas NO(2)(-) and total NO …
Cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary endothelial dysfunction is partially suppressed by sildenafil.
2009
Abstract Cigarette smoke mediated oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction are important processes in the pathogenesis of several lung disorders. In this study we evaluated the effect of PDE5 inhibition on pulmonary artery endothelial dysfunction induced by cigarette smoke in vitro . Human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAEC) were incubated in the absence or presence of PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil (10 nM–1 μM), PKG agonist 8-Br-cGMP (1 mM), or the antioxidants dyphenyleneiodonium (DPI 1 μM) and N -acetylcysteine (NAC 1 mM) for 30 min. Then, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was added for 24 h. CSE (2.5–10%)-induced ROS generation was suppressed by DPI, and partially reversed by sildenaf…
Role of magnesium in insulin action, diabetes and cardio-metabolic syndrome X
2003
Magnesium (Mg) is one of the most abundant ions present in living cells and its plasma concentration is remarkably constant in healthy subjects. Plasma and intracellular Mg concentrations are tightly regulated by several factors. Among them, insulin seems to be one of the most important. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that insulin may modulate the shift of Mg from extracellular to intracellular space. Intracellular Mg concentration has also been shown to be effective in modulating insulin action (mainly oxidative glucose metabolism), offset calcium-related excitation-contraction coupling, and decrease smooth cell responsiveness to depolarizing stimuli. A poor intracellular M…
Oxidative stress-induced glucocorticoid resistance is prevented by dual PDE3/PDE4 inhibition in human alveolar macrophages
2011
Summary Background Oxidative stress is present in airway diseases such as severe asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and contributes to the low response to glucocorticoids through the down-regulation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. Objective To study the effects of the phosphodiesterase (PDE)-3 and 4 inhibitors and their combination vs. glucocorticoids in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine release in alveolar macrophages under oxidative stress conditions. Methods Differentiated U937 or human alveolar macrophages were stimulated with H2O2 (10–1000 μm) or cigarette smoke extract (CSE, 0–15%) for 4 h before LPS (0.5 μg/mL, 24 h) addition. In other experime…
Mitochondrial complex I impairment in leukocytes from type 2 diabetic patients.
2011
Diabetes is associated with oxidative stress. This study evaluated the rates of oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment in type 2 diabetes patients. The study population consisted of 182 diabetic patients and 50 body-composition- and age-matched controls. We assessed anthropometric and metabolic parameters and mitochondrial function by evaluating mitochondrial oxygen (O2) consumption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH) levels, GSH/GSSG ratio, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial complex I activity in polymorphonuclear cells from diabetes type 2 patients. We found an increase in waist circumference and augmented serum levels of triglycerides, pro…