Search results for "OXY"

Metabolic enzymes in coelomic cells (eleocytes) of the polychaete Nereis virens: sex specific changes during sexual maturation

1993

The activities of some enzymes of the intermediary metabolism and the content of soluble protein and carbohydrate (glycogen plus free glucose) were measured in one type of coelomic cells (eleocytes) of the polychaete Nereis virens. Specimens used in this study were collected between 1989 and 1991 in Oosterscheldt Bay, The Netherlands, and divided into six different stages of sexual maturation as determined by the mean oocyte volume. In both sexes, the soluble protein content in eleocytes of immature individuals (11 mg ml−1 cell vol) increased three-fold. In prespawning N. virens the soluble protein content decreased to less than 2 mg protein ml−1 cell vol in females but not in males. In bot…

Pharmacological manipulation of serotonin receptors during brain embryogenesis favours stress resiliency in female rats

2018

Manipulations of the serotonin transmission during early development induce long-lasting changes in the serotonergic circuitry throughout the brain. However, little is known on the developmental consequences in the female progeny. Therefore, this study aimed at exploring the behavioural effects of pre- and postnatal stimulation of the serotonergic system by 5-methoxytryptamine in adolescent female rats on behavioural reactivity and anxiety- like phenotype. Our results show that perinatal 5- methoxythyptamine decreased total distance travelled and rearing frequency in the novel enviroment, and increased the preference for the centre of the arena in the open field test. Moreover, perinatal 5-…

The diabetogenic action of statins — mechanisms and clinical implications

2015

Treatment with statins has transformed primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including thrombotic stroke. Evidence-based data demonstrate the benefits and safety of statin therapy and help to guide clinicians in the management of populations at high risk of CVD. Nevertheless, clinical trials, meta-analyses and observational studies highlight a 10-12% increase in new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) among patients receiving statins. The risk further increases with intensive therapy and among individuals with known risk factors for NODM. Mechanisms underpinning this effect are not yet fully understood; however, Mendelian randomization studies suggest that they are re…

Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program: evaluation of assays for autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet antigen-2

2008

Aims/hypothesis Islet autoantibodies are important in diabetes classification and risk assessment, and as endpoints in observational studies. The Diabetes Autoantibody Standardization Program (DASP) aims to improve and standardise measurement of autoantibodies associated with type 1 diabetes. We report results for glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) and islet antigen-2 autoantibodies (IA-2A) from three DASP workshops (2002–2005). Methods Up to 60 laboratories in 18 countries participated in each workshop. Participants received coded serum aliquots from 50 patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (median age 18 years, range 9–35 years) and 100 blood donor controls. Results…

Oxytocin reduces romantic rejection-induced pain in online speed-dating as revealed by decreased frontal-midline theta oscillations

2021

Abstract Background Romantic rejection is an emotionally distressful experience profoundly affecting life, possibly leading to mental illness or suicide. Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide widely implicated in reducing physical pain and negative emotions; however, whether OT has an effect on reducing intense social pain (e.g., romantic rejection) remains unknown. Here, we tested the effect of OT on social pain and investigated its role in the outcome evaluation phase of social decision-making. Methods Electroencephalographic recordings were obtained between August 2nd and October 20th, 2020 in Shenzhen University from 61 healthy participants in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with a b…

Vitamin D status and hypercholesterolemia in Spanish general population.

2013

Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels have been associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. A possible relation between lipids and 25(OH)D might explain this association. This investigation aimed to determine the association between vitamin D and cholesterol, as well as the influence of statins on this association. This was a cross-sectional population-based study with 177 subjects aged 18-84 years. We collected demographics and data on sun exposure, sun protection habits, current medication including lipid-lowering drugs, and estimated vitamin D intake. Serum measurements included levels of 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, total cholest…

MODIFICATION BY PROSTAGLANDINS SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS OF THE UTERINE RESPONSE TO OXYTOCIN

1978

Raloxifene promotes prostacyclin release in human endothelial cells through a mechanism that involves cyclooxygenase-1 and -2

2005

Objective To examine the effects of raloxifene on prostacyclin production by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and to shed light on the molecular details of that action. Design Cell culture for 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 hours. Setting University research laboratory. Patient(s) Source of HUVEC. Intervention(s) Measurement of prostacyclin production and of protein levels and mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2. Main Outcome Measure(s) Prostacyclin production was measured by enzyme immunoassay, the mRNA expression of COX-1 was measured by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction, and the protein levels of COX-1 and -2 were measured by immunoblotting. Result(s) Ralo…

Effects of endothelin-1 on the cerebrovascular bed of the goat.

1991

Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the cerebrovascular bed of the goat, the importance of endothelial integrity and the contribution of extracellular Ca2+ to these responses. We measured isometric tension and 45Ca2+ uptake in isolated middle cerebral arteries, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in unanesthetized animals. ET-1 elicited concentration-dependent contractions which were potentiated in arteries without endothelium. Ca2+-free medium and nicardipine inhibited, and Bay K 8644 potentiated the ET-1-induced contractions. ET-1 enhanced 45Ca2+ uptake in isolated arteries. Injections of ET-1 directly into the cerebral circulation decrease…

Pathophysiology of polymorphonuclear leukocyte in arterial hypertension

2009

This review shows how polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) play a pivotal role in the development of the organ injury that is associated with arterial hypertension. Elevated white blood cell count and higher levels of PMNs activation are risk factors for arterial hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Spontaneously activated PMNs release proinflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species, which have negative effects on vascular tone and on their adhesion to the endothelium. The oxidative stress in hypertensive PMNs is revealed by increased NADPH-oxidase production and lipid peroxidation and by decreased cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase concentrations. The overexpression of…