Search results for "Obstructive"
showing 10 items of 609 documents
Scaling up strategies of the chronic respiratory disease programme of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (Action Plan B…
2016
Action Plan B3 of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) focuses on the integrated care of chronic diseases. Area 5 (Care Pathways) was initiated using chronic respiratory diseases as a model. The chronic respiratory disease action plan includes (1) AIRWAYS integrated care pathways (ICPs), (2) the joint initiative between the Reference site MACVIA-LR (Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif) and ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma), (3) Commitments for Action to the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing and the AIRWAYS ICPs network. It is deployed in collaboration with the World Health Organizatio…
Posterior One-Trocar-Assisted Pyeloplasty
2019
Introduction Ureteropelvic junction obstruction is the most common pediatric obstructive uropathy. Retroperitoneal lap- aroscopic-assisted dismembered pyeloplasty (OTAP) combines the advantages of a retroperitoneal approach with the high success rate of the open technique. A modification of the OTAP, using a posterior muscle-sparing incision to approach the kidney, is described. Surgical technique With the patient placed in prone position, a transverse 15-mm-long skin incision is made. A 12-mm bal- loon Hasson trocar with operative telescope is inserted after the Gerota’s fascia has been opened. The ureteropelvic junction is exteriorized and a traditional dismembered pyeloplasty is performe…
Advances in Pulmonary Medicine: Research and Innovations
2019
This book discusses a wide range of investigations and practice-oriented advances in pulmonary medicine and critical care. Pulmonary diseases are a major cause of hospitalization and mortality, affecting millions of people worldwide. Addressing a range of topics, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea, and lung cancer, the book offers insights into the disease mechanisms and risk factors, along with practical aspects concerning the maintenance of quality of life, adherence to therapy, and palliative treatment and care. Further, it explores diagnostic and treatment approaches to respiratory dysfunction and respiratory failure, highlighting the beneficial effects of good…
Bacterial and viral infections and related inflammatory responses in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2021
Abstract In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, bacterial and viral infections play a relevant role in worsening lung function and, therefore, favour disease progression. The inflammatory response to lung infections may become a specific indication of the bacterial and viral infections. We here review data on the bacterial–viral infections and related airways and lung parenchyma inflammation in stable and exacerbated COPD, focussing our attention on the prevalent molecular pathways in these different clinical conditions. The roles of macrophages, autophagy and NETosis are also briefly discussed in the context of lung infections in COPD. Controlling their combined response…
[Recommendations for end-of-life care in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
2009
Over the last 20 years, advances in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have improved survival even among patients in the most advanced stages of the disease, such as those requiring domiciliary oxygen therapy.1,2 This improvement—in principle a positive development—has given rise to considerable clinical problems associated with the establishment of a therapeutic ceiling and the difficulty of determining prognosis in some of these patients. In this situation, the clinician should consider introducing palliative care, that is, care aimed at improving symptom control, communication, physical activity, and emotional support, in order to achieve the best…
Emotional intelligence in children with severe sleep-related breathing disorders
2019
Background. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) affects up to 4% of a pediatric population, with many comorbidities in the medium-long term. Functional alterations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may explain why OSAS impacts aspects such as executive functions, memory, motor control, attention, visual-spatial skills, learning, and mood regulation. Emotional intelligence (EI) is a complex neuropsychological function that could be impaired in many clinical conditions. Purpose. The aim of the study is to evaluate the difference in emotional intelligence skills among children with OSAS and healthy subjects (nOSAS). Methods. 129 children (72 males; mean age 7.64±1.98 years) affected by OSAS w…
VISUOMOTOR INTEGRATION SKILLS IN CHILDREN AFFECTED BY OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
2016
Introduction: Sleep related breathing disorders (SRBD) consist of frequent and repetitive episodes of pharyngeal obstruction during sleep, with consequent intermittent hypoxia, sleep architecture fragmentation, daytime sleepiness and/or behavioural problems and executive impairment in children. When untreated, SRBD and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) mainly, may impact school performance, cognition, metabolism, and cardiovascular function. Aim of the present study is assessing the visuomotor integration skills in children affected by OSA. Materials and methods: 57 subjects affected by mild-to severe OSA, PSG diagnosed according to international diagnostic criteria, (31 males and 26 f…
Use of ICS in COPD: From Blockbuster Medicine to Precision Medicine
2017
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of mortality worldwide, whose burden is expected to increase in the next decades, because of numerous risk factors, including the aging of the population. COPD is both preventable and treatable by an effective management including risk factor reduction, prevention, assessment, and treatment of acute exacerbations and co-morbidities. The available agents approved for COPD treatment are long-acting or ultra-long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) bronchodilators, as well as inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in combination with LABAs. ICS use has been restricted only to selected COPD patients by th…
Surgical palliation for malignant obstructive jaundice:our experience
2006
BACKGROUND): The prognosis of patlcnts with priimsrv bilian and pancreatic mahgnances is poor. At the time of diagnosis, approxiiuately $0°’ of paticnts are found to hae an nnresectable tumour, because of local sprcad or metastatic disease. ‘lherefore, most patients wilI undergo j,alhative treatment, which is amcd at the ilnprovetnent ofthe quality oflife and the prevention of the svmptoms. This study report personal experience and deserihes the bcst evidence in recent literature. PA’IIENThAND METIIO1)S: 20 paticnts with malignant obstructie jaundice for unresectable hihar or pancreatic neoplasm underwent palliative surgieal treatment. Ofthesc patients, 11 was nien and 9 women, with a mean …
Association between sensorineural hearing loss and sleep-disordered breathing: Literature review
2015
The cochlea is especially sensitive to circulatory alterations because it is supplied by a single terminal artery and lacks adequate collateral blood supply. To examine the putative association between Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) and Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) through the literature review is very interesting. In fact these medical disorders usually are associated to cerebral circulatory alterations resulting in hypoxia, acute hemodynamic change, and decreased cerebral blood flow, because the Sleep Disorder Breathing (SDB), for example OSAHS (Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome), is characterized by periodic hyposia/reoxygenation. These noxious stimuli can, in turn, activa…