Search results for "Occupational Exposure"
showing 10 items of 175 documents
Occupational hygiene in terms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and bioaerosols at two solid waste management plants in Finland
2012
Abstract Factors affecting occupational hygiene were measured at the solid waste transferring plant at Hyvinkaa and at the optic separation plant in Hameenlinna. Measurements consisted of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and bioaerosols including microbes, dust and endotoxins. The most abundant compounds in both of the plants were aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, esters of carboxylic acids, ketones and terpenes. In terms of odour generation, the most important emissions were acetic acid, 2,3-butanedione, ethyl acetate, alpha-pinene and limonene due to their low threshold odour concentrations. At the optic waste separation plant, limonene occurred at the highest concentration of all sin…
Validación de un cuestionario para medir retrospectivamente la exposición laboral a plaguicidas
1997
ResumenObjetivosValidar un cuestionario diseñado para medir retrospectivamente la exposición laboral a plaguicidas en un estudio de casos y controles sobre trabajadores expuestos a plaguicidas y malformaciones congénitas.MétodosSe compara la información obtenida mediante una entrevista personal con 56 agricultores con: 1) una entrevista con los empleadores de los agricultores, 2) la observación directa de los lugares de trabajo y 3) un cuestionario que cumplimentaron los agncultores durante la realización del Programa de Capacitación para Manipuladores de Plaguicidas.ResultadosLos índices de exactitud y fiabilidad fueron altos para las variables «cultivos trabajados», «períodos de tratamien…
Environmental applications (air)
2020
Abstract The use of solid sorbent-based devices for the monitoring of contaminants in the air is a widespread trend due to its versatility, physicochemical stability, and high enrichment factor. Active and passive sampling strategies have been developed for air monitoring using different materials, such as carbon-based organic polymers and inorganic sorbents. It has been updated in the literature regarding the most recent applications of the use of solid sorbent-based samplers for the monitoring of air in different sites such as rural, urban, industrialized, and indoor areas, including workplace environments for the evaluation of occupational exposure risks.
Effects of environmental and occupational lead toxicity and its association with iron metabolism
2021
Abstract Background Discrepancies are present in the findings from clinical trials evaluating a physiological role of iron status in the lead-exposed population. Objective The purpose of this article was to summarize the current understanding of cellular mechanisms of lead toxicity and present a comprehensive review of existing clinical trials related to associations of lead poisoning and iron status. Although an association of iron metabolism pathways that are affected by lead intoxication has been studied, there are still aspects that remain to be elucidated. The existence of additional Pb uptake pathways besides DMT1 transporter-mediated is postulated to non-specifically regulate lead ab…
The effects of the financial crisis on primary prevention of cancer
2010
The present financial crisis will affect primary cancer prevention through several avenues: personal lifestyle choices, exposure to environmental risk factors, decisions made in the private sector and public policy on cancer prevention. Whilst it is clearly problematic to reach solid conclusions on a direct connection between economic crises and cancer mortality, we can identify trends that provide guidance for further action. For some lifestyle choices such as smoking or diet, we argue that public policy may channel existing tendencies during times of crisis for clear added value. In other areas, including research and health system investments, we will make the case that the resources not…
Sun exposure and malignant lymphoma: A population-based case–control study in Germany
2007
Although some causes for malignant lymphoma are known their etiology is not well understood so far. We analyze the relationship between sun exposure and malignant lymphoma in a multicenter, population-based case-control study. Patients with malignant lymphoma (n = 710, 18-80 years) were prospectively recruited in 6 study regions in Germany. For each case, a gender, region and age-matched control was drawn from population-registers. In personal interviews, lifetime holidays spent in sunny climate, outdoor leisure activities and sunbed or sunlamp use were recorded. On basis of job task-specific supplementary questionnaires, an occupational physician assessed the cumulative working time outsid…
Expertise préalable à la création d’un tableau de maladie professionnelle ou à l’élaboration de recommandations aux comités régionaux de reconnaissan…
2022
L’amiante est classé en tant que substance cancérogène avérée pour l’humain (groupe 1 du Centre International de Recherche sur la Cancer (CIRC)) depuis les années 70 pour le poumon et la plèvre. La monographie sur l’amiante actualisée en 2012 indique que des preuves suffisantes sont maintenant disponibles pour démontrer le lien entre l’exposition à l’amiante et les cancers du larynx et de l'ovaire. Dans cette monographie, les cancers du pharynx, de l’estomac et les cancers colorectaux sont considérés comme possiblement liés à une exposition à l’amiante, mais avec un niveau de preuve limité.A ce jour, seuls les cancers broncho-pulmonaires provoqués par l'inhalation de poussières d'amiante [t…
In vitro impact preliminary assessment of airborne particulate from metalworking and woodworking industries.
2020
Abstract BackgroundInhalation is the main route of exposure to airborne pollutants. To evaluate the safety and assess the risks of occupational hazards different testing approaches are used. 3D airway epithelial tissues allow to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generates human-relevant toxicology data, allows to elucidate mode of action of pollutants. ResultsGilian 3500 pumps equipped with Standard Midget Impingers were used to collect the airborne particulate from woodworking and metalworking environments. EpiAirway™ tissues were used to model half working day (4 h), full working day (8 h), and 3 working day exposures to occupational pollutants. Tissue viability was assessed using MTT a…
Ischemic cardiovascular disease in workers occupationally exposed to urban air pollution – A systematic review
2018
Introduction Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among several known risk factors, researchers also focus their attention on the chronic exposure to air pollution. There is much evidence that exposure to air pollution, especially to ultrafine particles, can damage the endothelium and can favour cardiovascular diseases in the general population. Occupational exposition could be an additive risk factor for the cardiovascular system. This article presents a scientific review of the linkage between occupational exposure to air pollution and ischemic heart disease. Material and methods A scientific review was undertaken, followed by PRISMA Statements. …
Comparative evaluation of liquid chromatography versus gas chromatography using a β-cyclodextrin stationary phase for the determination of BTEX in oc…
2009
An HPLC method for the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene in occupational environments was developed and compared with a GC-MS method. Chromatographic analysis using a beta-cyclodextrin stationary phase was performed after active and passive air sampling by adsorption on activated charcoal and pressurized fluid extraction. The analytes were completely separated and quantified using both methods, although GC-MS provided better resolutions and lower detection limits than HPLC. The HPLC method was unsuccessfully applied to the determination of benzene in real samples because its sensitivity was too low. Both methods were applied to the analysis …