Search results for "Occupations"
showing 10 items of 113 documents
Influence of gender and social factors on oral health, treatment degree and choice of dental restorative materials in patients from a dental school.
2010
To cite this article: Int J Dent Hygiene DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2009.00401.x Willershausen B, Witzel S, Schuster S, Kasaj A. Influence of gender and social factors on oral health, treatment degree and choice of dental restorative materials in patients from a dental school. Abstract: Objective: The attitude towards oral health is influenced by gender, the level of education and the social background of the patients The aim of the present study was to determine a possible relationship of gender, the educational level and the oral health as well as the choice of dental restorations. Methodology: A total of 2374 outpatients (age: 18–80 years) from a University dental school were assessed. …
Intensified job demands and job performance: does SOC strategy use make a difference?
2019
We examined intensified job demands (IJDs) and selecting-optimizing-compensating (SOC) strategies as predictors of job performance (task performance, organizational citizenship behavior). We also investigated SOC strategy use as a moderator in the linkages between IJDs and performance. We sampled three disparate occupational groups (N=4,582). We found that certain dimensions of IJDs showed significant associations with the indicators of job performance but there were also scale-based variations in these linkages, depending on the type of performance and on the sub-scale of IJDs. Specifically, some dimensions of IJDs (e.g., work intensification) related to poorer task performance whereas som…
Clinical supervision as an interaction between the clinical educator and the student.
2007
The interaction between clinical educators and students is regarded as the strongest element in developing expertise and in forming students' professional identity in clinical education. Although clinical education has been studied in physiotherapy, the natural interaction between clinical educators and students has remained unanalyzed. The aim of this study was to examine how supervised learning sessions during patient treatment were constructed. The focus was on the forms of interaction between clinical educators and students in natural contexts. By videotaping 12 natural patient treatment sessions, which simultaneously comprised part of the clinical education of physiotherapy students, a…
Occupation and small bowel adenocarcinoma: a European case-control study
2000
OBJECTIVES—Because of the rarity of small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA), little is known about the aetiology of this disease. This study aimed to identify occupational clustering of cases SBA as a systematic approach to new hypotheses on the aetiology of this disease. METHODS—A European multicentre case-control study was conducted in 1995-7, inclusive. Incident cases aged 35-69 years with SBA (n=168) were recruited before acceptance by a pathologist. Altogether 107 cases and 3915 controls were accepted, of which 79 cases, 579 colon cancer controls, and 2070 population controls were interviewed. RESULTS—The strongest industrial risk factors for SBA taking account of 10 years' exposure lag were …
Occupation and risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancer: The ARCAGE study
2012
We investigated the association between occupational history and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer risk in the ARCAGE European case-control study. The study included 1,851 patients with incident cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx or esophagus and 1,949 controls. We estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for ever employment in 283 occupations and 172 industries, adjusting for smoking and alcohol. Men (1,457 cases) and women (394 cases) were analyzed separately and we incorporated a semi-Bayes adjustment approach for multiple comparisons. Among men, we found increased risks for occupational categories previously reported to be associated wit…
Sense of coherence, academic performance and professional vocation in Certified Nursing Assistant students
2019
BACKGROUND: The sense of coherence (SOC) of the salutogenic health model explains why people in stressful situations are able to maintain or even improve their health. There are some studies on which measures are more effective to reduce stress in Nursing assistant students. There are no studies that link SOC with the two key aspects in the prevention of stress in Nursing assistant students: the motivation of pursuing this profession and the academic level. OBJECTIVES: To explore the salutogenic paradigm among Nursing assistant students in a region of Spain (Comunitat Valenciana). DESIGN: Cross-sectional, analytical and exploratory study carried out in 2016. METHODS: Students of the first y…
Psychological interventions to foster resilience in healthcare students
2020
Background Resilience can be defined as maintaining or regaining mental health during or after significant adversities such as a potentially traumatising event, challenging life circumstances, a critical life transition or physical illness. Healthcare students, such as medical, nursing, psychology and social work students, are exposed to various study- and work-related stressors, the latter particularly during later phases of health professional education. They are at increased risk of developing symptoms of burnout or mental disorders. This population may benefit from resilience-promoting training programmes. Objectives To assess the effects of interventions to foster resilience in healthc…
Alcohol and Drug Use in European University Health Science Students: Relationship with Self-Care Ability
2019
Background: Drug abuse in university students is an emerging social and health issue. The present study assesses alcohol and abuse of other illicit drugs and the adverse consequences related to such use and its relationship with self-care agency among European university students. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed among 592 European students from different health science degrees. The screening of alcohol abuse was evaluated with the Alcohol Use Disorder Test (AUDIT), and the screening for substance-related risks and problems was conducted with the Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble (CRAFFT) screening test. We analyzed the relationship of substance abuse wit…
Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in an onset cohort of adults with type 1 diabetes
2003
Previous studies indicate a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of our study was to determine if newly diagnosed adults with type 1 diabetes already have an elevated rate of psychiatric disorders at the beginning of their physical illness.The authors consecutively recruited 313 newly diagnosed, adult inpatients with type 1 diabetes (age 17-40 years) from 12 hospitals. A national, representative population sample of 2046 persons of a similar age range served as the reference group. Psychiatric disorders were measured in both groups using structured interviews that provided diagnoses according to DSM-IV.There was a point prevalence of 12.5…
Neck trouble in machine operating, dynamic physical work and sedentary work: a prospective study on occupational and individual risk factors.
1994
A prospective study on the effects of occupational and individual factors on neck trouble was carried out among 1832 men representing static work with whole-body vibration (machine operators), dynamic physical work (construction carpenters) and sedentary work (office workers). Neck trouble and occupational and individual factors were inquired about via postal questionnaires in 1984 and 1987. Machine operating was associated with an increased risk to contract severe neck trouble, and machine operating and dynamic physical work were associated with persistently severe neck trouble. Other predictors for contracting severe neck trouble were age and current smoking. Physical exercise decreased t…