Search results for "Odds ratio"
showing 10 items of 1204 documents
Progression-free survival as a surrogate for overall survival in advanced/recurrent gastric cancer trials: a meta-analysis.
2013
The traditional endpoint for assessing efficacy of chemotherapies for advanced/recurrent gastric cancer is overall survival (OS), but OS requires prolonged follow-up. We investigated whether progression-free survival (PFS) is a valid surrogate for OS. Using individual patient data from the GASTRIC meta-analysis, surrogacy of PFS was assessed through the correlation between the endpoints and through the correlation between the treatment effects on the endpoints. External validation of the prediction based on PFS was also evaluated. Individual data from 4069 patients in 20 randomized trials were analyzed. The rank correlation coefficient between PFS and OS was 0.853 (95% confidence interval […
Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation With Posttransplant Cyclophosphamide Therapy vs Other Donor Transplantations in Adults With Hematologic Canc…
2019
Question What are the outcomes of haploidentical stem cell transplantation with posttransplant cyclophosphamide therapy compared with other transplant types in adults with hematologic cancers? Findings In this meta-analysis of 30 studies including 22974 patients, the use of haploidentical stem cell transplantation with posttransplant cyclophosphamide therapy appeared to show increased all-cause mortality compared with matched related donors, similar all-cause mortality compared with matched unrelated donors, and reduced all-cause mortality compared with mismatched unrelated donors. Relapse appeared to be increased in lymphoma and similar in acute leukemia compared with matched unrelated don…
ErbB-3 predicts survival in ovarian cancer.
2006
Background HER3 (erbB-3) is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family. After dimerization with other members of the EGFR family several signal transduction cascades can be activated, including phosphoinosite 3′-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2). Here, we studied a possible association between HER3 expression and prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. Methods Tumor tissue of 116 consecutive patients diagnosed with primary epithelial ovarian cancer between 1986 and 1995 was analyzed immunohistochemically for HER3 expression. A possible influence of HER3 expression on survival was studied by multivariate Cox regression adjusting for …
Vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms as effect modifiers of oral squamous cell carcinoma risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2014
Smoking is one of the main risk factors for the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Smoking may affect single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-dependent vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenic activity. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the published VEGF-SNP genotype data of OSCC patients and healthy individuals and performed a meta-analysis comparing the VEGF-SNP genotypes of smoking and non-smoking patients in association with OSCC incidence. Prospective and retrospective studies on the clinical comparison of OSCC patients with different VEGF-SNP genotypes were reviewed. The meta-analysis re-pooled studies of smoking and non-smoking OSCC patients wit…
Impact of Chemotherapy in the Adjuvant Setting of Early Stage Uterine Leiomyosarcoma: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis
2020
Background: Although the use of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) appears to be increasing over the past few years, several clinical trials and previous meta-analyses failed to determine whether AC could improve clinical outcomes in uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare AC (with or without radiotherapy) versus observation (obs) after primary surgery in early stage uLMS. Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled (RCTs) and non-randomized studies (NRSs) were retrieved. Outcomes of interest were as follows: distant recurrence rate, locoregional recurrence rate and overall recurrence rate. Results about distant recurrence rate, locoregiona…
Associations between aromatase CYP19 rs10046 polymorphism and breast cancer risk: from a case-control to a meta-analysis of 20,098 subjects.
2012
Lifetime exposure to estrogen is a factor that plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of breast cancer. Genetic variants in genes of the biosynthesis and metabolism of estrogen have been associated with breast cancer risk. Among them, the CYP19 gene encodes for aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens. The rs10046 polymorphism on the CYP19 gene has been related to levels of circulating estradiol and to the estradiol/testosterone ratio. To date, epidemiological studies of rs10046 have been performed in different populations with contradictory results. In the present study, we have conducted a case-control analysis (522 cases and 1221 …
Human papillomaviruses in oral carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review
2011
Oral Diseases (2011) 17 (Suppl. 1), 58–72 Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral carcinoma (OSCC) and potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) is controversial. The primary aim was to calculate pooled risk estimates for the association of HPV with OSCC and OPMD when compared with healthy oral mucosa as controls. We also examined the effects of sampling techniques on HPV detection rates. Methods: Systematic review was performed using PubMed (January 1966–September 2010) and EMBASE (January 1990–September 2010). Eligible studies included randomized controlled, cohort and cross-sectional studies. Pooled data were analysed by calculating odds ratios, using a random effects model. Risk o…
Germline loss-of-function variants in the BARD1 gene are associated with early-onset familial breast cancer but not ovarian cancer
2019
Background The role of the BARD1 gene in breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) predisposition remains elusive, as published case-control investigations have revealed controversial results. We aimed to assess the role of deleterious BARD1 germline variants in BC/OC predisposition in a sample of 4920 BRCA1/2-negative female BC/OC index patients of the German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC). Methods A total of 4469 female index patients with BC, 451 index patients with OC, and 2767 geographically matched female control individuals were screened for loss-of-function (LoF) mutations and potentially damaging rare missense variants in BARD1. All patients met the …
Human papillomavirus infections and upper aero-digestive tract cancers: the ARCAGE study.
2013
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is causally implicated in a subset of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract (UADT). Methods Associations between type-specific HPV antibodies were examined among 1496 UADT cancer case subjects and 1425 control subjects by estimating odds ratios (ORs) in logistic regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders. The agreement between serology and tumor markers of HPV infection, including presence of HPV DNA and p16 expression, were examined in a subset of tumors. Results HPV16 L1 seropositivity was associated with increased risk of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer (OR = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03 to 3.65; OR = 8.60, 95% CI = 5.21 to 14.…
Exposure to UV radiation and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma: A pooled analysis
2013
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure has been inversely associated with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) risk, but only inconsistently, only in a few studies, and without attention to HL heterogeneity. We conducted a pooled analysis of HL risk focusing on type and timing of UVR exposure and on disease subtypes by age, histology, and tumor-cell Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status. Four case-control studies contributed 1320HLcasesand 6381 controls. We estimated lifetime, adulthood, and childhood UVR exposure and history of sunburn and sunlamp use. We used 2-stage estimation with mixed-effects models and weighted pooled effect estimates by inverse marginal variances. We observed statistically significant inv…