Search results for "Odds ratio"
showing 10 items of 1204 documents
Parental alcohol intoxication and adverse health outcomes among offspring. A 4-year follow up HUNT study among 2399 Norwegian adolescents.
2020
Highlights • Alcohol’s harm to others includes adverse health outcomes in adolescence. • Non-dependent parental heavy drinking increases health harm among adolescents. • Hospital admission was related to exposure to parental alcohol intoxication. • Mental distress was related to exposure to parental alcohol intoxication. • Poor self-rated health was related to exposure to parental alcohol intoxication.
Delayed Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage After Pars Plana Vitrectomy: Five-Year Results of a Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study
2015
Purpose To determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of delayed suprachoroidal hemorrhage after vitrectomy. Design Retrospective multicenter cohort study. Methods All consecutive patients who underwent primary vitrectomy, from January 2009 to December 2014, at 4 tertiary vitreoretinal centers in Italy were enrolled. Patient demographics and systemic, ophthalmic, operative, and postoperative data from all centers were extracted from the electronic record system using standardized data collection forms. All eyes that developed delayed suprachoroidal hemorrhage within 48 hours of the end of the vitrectomy were identified as the delayed suprachoroidal hemorrhage group; all other eyes …
Use of asthma medication during pregnancy and risk of specific congenital anomalies: A European case-malformed control study.
2015
Background: Pregnant women with asthma need to take medication during pregnancy.Objective: We sought to identify whether there is an increased risk of specific congenital anomalies after exposure to antiasthma medication in the first trimester of pregnancy.Methods: We performed a population-based case-malformed control study testing signals identified in a literature review. Odds ratios (ORs) of exposure to the main groups of asthma medication were calculated for each of the 10 signal anomalies compared with registrations with nonchromosomal, nonsignal anomalies as control registrations. In addition, exploratory analyses were done for each nonsignal anomaly. The data set included 76,249 reg…
Overweight/obesity and respiratory and allergic disease in children : international study of asthma and allergies in childhood (ISAAC) phase two
2014
Background: Childhood obesity and asthma are increasing worldwide. A possible link between the two conditions has been postulated. Methods: Cross-sectional studies of stratified random samples of 8-12-year-old children (n=10 652) (16 centres in affluent and 8 centres in non-affluent countries) used the standardized methodology of ISAAC Phase Two. Respiratory and allergic symptoms were ascertained by parental questionnaires. Tests for allergic disease were performed. Height and weight were measured, and overweight and obesity were defined according to international definitions. Prevalence rates and prevalence odds ratios were calculated. Results: Overweight (odds ratio=1.14, 95%-confidence i…
The association between respiratory tract infection incidence and localised meningitis epidemics: an analysis of high-resolution surveillance data fr…
2017
AbstractMeningococcal meningitis epidemics in the African meningitis belt consist of localised meningitis epidemics (LME) that reach attack proportions of 1% within a few weeks. A meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine was introduced in meningitis belt countries from 2010 on, but LME due to other serogroups continue to occur. The mechanisms underlying LME are poorly understood, but an association with respiratory pathogens has been hypothesised. We analysed national routine surveillance data in high spatial resolution (health centre level) from 13 districts in Burkina Faso, 2004–2014. We defined LME as a weekly incidence rate of suspected meningitis ≥75 per 100,000 during ≥2 weeks; and…
[Geographic variation in the prevalence of asthma symptoms in Spanish children and adolescents. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childh…
2005
Objective TO analyze geographic variations in the prevalence of symptoms related to asthma in Spanish children and adolescents. Population and methods In 2001 and 2002, the Spanish arm of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase 3 collected information on 28 445 children in the age bracket of 6-7 years in 10 metropolitan areas (A Coruna, Asturias, Barcelona, Bilbao, Cartagena, Castellon, Madrid, Pamplona, San Sebastian, and Valencia) and on 31 257 adolescents in the bracket 13-14 years in 11 areas (the previously named areas plus Valladolid). An asthma symptom questionnaire was filled in by parents or the adolescents themselves. Differences in symptoms betw…
Prevalence and determinants of diabetes mellitus in a representative sample of Italian adults
2022
PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF ITALIAN ADULTSBackground: Diabetes mellitus is a dramatic epidemic worldwide. This study providea an updated estimate of itsprevalence and determinants among Italian adults.Methods: Data were derived from a face-to-face survey conducted in 2013 on 2901 individuals (1391 men, 1510 women) aged ≥18 years, representative of the general adult Italian population. Odds ratios (OR) for diabetes versus non diabetes in relation to selected risk factors were derived using multiple logistic regression models.Results: Overall, 135 out of 2901 adults (4.7%) reported a diagnosis of diabetes, with similar prevalence in men (4.8%…
Association between malocclusion and orofacial myofunctional disorders of pre‐school children in Latvia
2019
Objects Abnormal use of muscles of tongue and lips is called orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMD). In this study, we aimed to investigate the interrelation between occlusal findings and OMD in primary and mixed dentition and to find out the reasons for malocclusions, and the effect modification of these associations by the number of sources that parents used to receive the information on child oral health issues (NSI). Setting and sample population Cross-sectional study was performed in one kindergarten in Latvia (cluster sampling). The study sample comprised 141 children-mothers' pairs of pre-school children aged 4-7 years. Materials and methods Children' myofunctional situation, occlus…
Outdoor, but not indoor, nitrogen dioxide exposure is associated with persistent cough during the first year of life
2011
Background and aims: Because their lungs and immune system are not completely developed, children are more susceptible to respiratory disease and more vulnerable to ambient pollution. We assessed the relation between prenatal and postnatal nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels and the development of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), wheezing and persistent cough during the first year of life. Methods: The study population consisted of 352 children from a birth cohort in Valencia, Spain. Prenatal exposure to NO2, a marker of traffic related air pollution was measured at 93 sampling sites spread over the study area during four different sampling periods of 7 days each. It was modeled for eac…
Anaemia during pregnancy as a risk factor for infant iron deficiency: report from the Valencia Infant Anaemia Cohort (VIAC) study.
1990
A prospective cohort study with a 1-year follow-up of 156 neonates was carried out specifically designed to test the hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between iron deficiency during pregnancy and the development of the same disease in newborn infants. Exposure was defined as being born of a mother with ferropenic anaemia at delivery, and cases as the infants who developed iron deficiency during their first year of life. A statistically significant positive association was detected with an odds ratio of 6.57 (95% confidence limits 1.81-25.97). A stratified analysis was also performed to control the effect of potential confounders such as socio-economic variables, feeding pract…