Search results for "Odds"

Anthropometric measures of Spanish children with autism spectrum disorder

2015

Abstract We aimed to compare body mass index (BMI) and healthy eating index (HEI) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n  = 105) and typically developing (TD, n  = 495) children. They were aged 6–9 years, lived in Valencia (Spain) and came from similar cultural and socio-economic backgrounds. In this case–control study, the weight, height and BMI were measured for both groups. Three-day food records were used to assess dietary intake. Although the differences between children with ASD and TD children in raw BMI ( p  = 0.44), BMI z -score ( p  = 0.37), HEI ( p  = 0.43) and total energy intake ( p  = 0.86) were not significant, children with ASD and the boys subgroup were shorter (…

Erhöht mütterliche Adipositas das Risiko für kindliche Fehlbildungen?

2008

Aim To investigate the risk of congenital malformations for newborn of obese women (BMI > or = 30) compared with women of average prepregnancy weight. Methods We performed a prospective, population-based case-control study of 20,248 newborn born in the city of Mainz. A total of 1,451 infants (cases) with and 8,088 without congenital malformations (controls) were analysed. The relative risks of associations between obesity and malformations were calculated as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The prevalence of malformations in children of obese mothers is 11.1% and thus approximately 4% higher than those of the total study population. There is a significant odds ra…

Hip pain in adolescents: Results of a cross-sectional study in German pupils and a review of the literature

2007

Aim: To determine the prevalence of hip pain (HP) in adolescents in East Germany and to evaluate the potential factors associated with HP. Design: Cross-sectional epidemiological study of a total of 2368 pupils (1137 males, 1231 females; age 14.5±0.65, range 13–18 y). Demographic data and information on sports activity and consumption of soft legal drugs were obtained using a questionnaire. Physical examination was carried out by school doctors. Odds ratio (OR [95% confidence interval]) was calculated for common factors associated with HP. Results: The prevalence of adolescents suffering from HP was 6.5% (n=151). Pain episodes were reported as occasional in 3.0%. A total of 69 subjects (2.9…

Postoperative complications and waiting time for surgical intervention after radiologically guided drainage of intra-abdominal abscess in patients wi…

2021

Abstract Background In patients with active Crohn’s disease (CD), treatment of intra-abdominal abscess usually comprises antibiotics and radiologically guided percutaneous drainage (PD) preceding surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of postoperative complications and identify the optimal time interval for surgical intervention after PD. Methods A multicentre, international, retrospective cohort study was carried out. Details of patients with diagnosis of CD who underwent ultrasonography- or CT-guided PD were retrieved from hospital records using international classification of disease (ICD-10) diagnosis code for CD combined with procedure code for PD. Clinical variable…

Effect of desquamative gingivitis on periodontal status: a pilot study

2010

Objective:  Desquamative gingivitis (DG) represents the gingival manifestation associated with several mucocutaneous disorders and systemic conditions. Little is known of whether or not DG could influence the onset or progression of plaque-related periodontitis. In this study, the potential impact of DG on plaque-related attachment loss and pocket formation has been evaluated. Methods:  A cross-sectional evaluation of 12 patients with DG [eight oral lichen planus (OLP), four mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP)], never treated for DG lesions or plaque-related periodontitis, was carried out. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), full-mouth plaque (FMPS), and bleeding (FMBS) scores …

Association between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis in an adult population – A cross sectional study

2021

Background This investigation was aimed to analyse the existence of an association between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis among Indian subjects. Material and Methods This observational study included a total of 110 individuals between 18-78 years of age, which were divided equally into RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis) and NRA (Non-Rheumatoid Arthritis) groups. General, Oral and a complete Periodontal examination included recording of Gingival Index (GI), Plaque index (PI), Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), Clinical attachment level (CAL) in a questionnaire form. Laboratory and rheumatologcal parameters like C-reactive protein (CRP), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and Disease Activity Score…

Consensus against all odds: explaining the persistence of EU sanctions on Russia

2020

In response to Russia’s actions in Ukraine in 2014, the EU introduced sanctions on Moscow. Despite increasing polarisation among member states after imposition, the sanctions package was consistently renewed. How can sanctions persistence be explained? While scholarly accounts highlight German leadership, commitment to norms, and policymakers’ engagement, the EU’s ability to uphold the sanctions in the face of uneven support among member states remains puzzling. With the help of a two-level game framework, according to which actors make decisions based on the interplay between the domestic and international levels, we argue that the interaction between the Council and domestic politics help…

Are Polygenic Risk Scores for Major Mental Disorders Associated with General or Specific Psychosis Symptom dimensions?

2019

Background Psychotic symptoms can be conceptualised as dimensions of psychopathology cutting across diagnostic boundaries. Thus, they might be considered enhanced quantitative phenotypes to relate to genetic variants as summarised by Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) for Major Mental Disorders (MMDs), including Schizophrenia (SZ), Bipolar Disorder (BP), and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The objectives of this study were to: 1) identify the dimensional structure of symptoms at First Episode Psychosis (FEP), testing whether a bi-factor model statistically fits the conceptualization of psychosis as a single common construct (general psychosis factor) while also recognising multidimensionality (p…

Technical support for a judge when assessing a priori odds

2015

Modic changes-Their associations with low back pain and activity limitation: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

2018

Background Previous systematic reviews have reported positive associations between Modic changes (MCs) and low back pain (LBP), but due to their narrow scope and new primary studies, there is a need for a comprehensive systematic review. Our objectives were to investigate if MCs are associated with non-specific LBP and/or activity limitation and if such associations are modified by other factors. Methods A protocol for this review was registered at PROSPERO prior to commencing the work (PROSPERO record: CRD42015017350). The MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE databases were searched for relevant studies from first record to June 15th 2016. Prospective or retrospective cross-sectional cohort studies …