Search results for "Odds"
showing 10 items of 1327 documents
Current active and passive smoking among adults living with same sex partners in Spain
2018
Objective: To assess the association between current active and passive tobacco smoking and living with a same-sex partner in Spain. Methods: We analysed data from two cross-sectional national surveys of the Spanish population 15 years and older (2011-Encuesta Nacional de Salud en España and 2014-Encuesta Europea de Salud en España). Analyses included only people living with their partner. Associations were calculated using multiple logistic regressions adjusting for gender, social class and age. Results: Current active and passive smoking were significantly associated with living with same sex partners (odds ratio: 2.71 and 2.88), and particularly strong among women. Conclusions: Spanish a…
Is sense of coherence a predictor of lifestyle changes in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes?
2015
Objective: To determine whether the sense of coherence (SOC) could predict the outcome of an 18-month lifestyle intervention program for subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes. Methods: Subjects at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited to a low-intensity lifestyle intervention program by their general practitioners. Weight reduction ≥5% and improvement in exercise capacity of ≥10% from baseline to follow-up indicated a clinically significant lifestyle change. SOC was measured using the 13-item SOC questionnaire. Results: The study involved 213 subjects with a mean body mass index of 37 (SD ± 6). Complete follow-up data were obtained for 131 (62%). Twenty-six participants had cli…
Identifying genetic risk variants for coronary heart disease in familial hypercholesterolemia: an extreme genetics approach
2015
Mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene cause familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), a disorder characterized by coronary heart disease (CHD) at young age. We aimed to apply an extreme sampling method to enhance the statistical power to identify novel genetic risk variants for CHD in individuals with FH. We selected cases and controls with an extreme contrast in CHD risk from 17 000 FH patients from the Netherlands, whose functional LDLR mutation was unequivocally established. The genome-wide association (GWA) study was performed on 249 very young FH cases with CHD and 217 old FH controls without CHD (above 65 years for males and 70 years of age for females) using the Ill…
Migraine mediates the influence of C677T MTHFR genotypes on ischemic stroke risk with a stroke-subtype effect.
2007
Background and Purpose— The objective was to investigate the role of C677T MTHFR polymorphism in migraine pathogenesis and in the migraine–ischemic stroke pathway. Methods— A first genotype–migraine association study was conducted on 100 patients with migraine with aura (MA), 106 with migraine without aura (MO), and 105 subjects without migraine, which provided evidence in favor of association of the TT677 MTHFR genotype with increased risk of MA compared with both control subjects (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.11 to 5.58) and patients with MO (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.01 to 4.82). Based on these findings, mediational models of the genotype–migraine–stroke pathway were fitted on a group of 106 patients …
Persistent leisure-time physical activity in adulthood and use of antidepressants : A follow-up study among twins
2016
BACKGROUND: To study whether persistent leisure-time physical activity (PA) during adulthood predicts use of antidepressants later in life. METHODS: The Finnish Twin Cohort comprises same-sex twin pairs born before 1958, of whom 11 325 individuals answered PA questions in 1975, 1981 and 1990 at a mean age of 44 years (range 33-60). PA volume over 15-years was used as the predictor of subsequent use of antidepressants. Antidepressant use (measured as number of purchases) for 1995-2004 were collected from the Finnish Social Insurance Institution (KELA) prescription register. Conditional logistic regression was conducted to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the …
Investigate the sexual habits of young people: A cross-sectional study among nursing students of the university of palermo
2019
Introduction: Sexually transmitted diseases are an emerging problem especially among young people, increasing the burden of disease in this population. The aim of the study was to evaluate sexual habits, sexual relations and knowledge of STIs among the students in the nursing science course of the University of Palermo. Materials and Methods: In April 2019, a survey was provided to students that investigate on: personal information and habits, knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases, anti-HPV vaccination. Multivariable logistic regression was performed, considering it as a dependent variable “Have you occasionally had unprotected sex (without a condom)? Yes”, in order to evaluate the rol…
Association Between Restless Legs Syndrome and Adult ADHD in a German Community-Based Sample
2015
Objective: Previous research in clinical samples indicated a significant association between ADHD and restless legs syndrome (RLS). The present study examined the association between adult ADHD and RLS in the German population. Method: Self-rating instruments to assess RLS, childhood ADHD, and adult ADHD were administered to a community-based sample ( N = 1,632). In addition, current depression and anxiety, sleep disturbances, weight, and height were assessed by self-report. Results: Adult ADHD was associated with statistically significant increases in the odds of meeting diagnostic criteria for RLS even when adjusting for potential confounding variables such as weight (odds ratio [OR] = 3…
Fatigue in multiple sclerosis is closely related to sleep disorders: a polysomnographic cross-sectional study.
2011
Background: Sleep disorders can cause tiredness. The relationship between sleep disorders and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has not yet been investigated systematically. Objective: To investigate the relationship between fatigue and sleep disorders in patients with MS. Methods: Some 66 MS patients 20 to 66 years old were studied by overnight polysomnography. Using a cut-off point of 45 in the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), the entire cohort was stratified into a fatigued MS subgroup ( n = 26) and a non-fatigued MS subgroup ( n = 40). Results: Of the fatigued MS patients, 96% ( n = 25) were suffering from a relevant sleep disorder, along with 60% of the non-fatigue…
Pain and severe sleep disturbance in the general population: Primary data and meta-analysis from 240,820 people across 45 low- and middle-income coun…
2018
Objective:\ud Pain and sleep disturbances are widespread, and are an important cause of a reduced quality of life. Despite this, there is a paucity of multinational population data assessing the association between pain and sleep problems, particularly among low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, we investigated the relationship between pain and severe sleep disturbance across 45 LMICs.\ud \ud Method: \ud Community-based data on 240,820 people recruited via the World Health Survey were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for multiple confounders were performed to quantify the association between pain and severe sleep problems in the last 30 days. A me…
GHPSS multicenter Italian survey: smoking prevalence, knowledge and attitudes, and tobacco cessation training among third-year medical students
2013
Aims and background Healthcare professionals have an important role to play both as advisers – influencing smoking cessation – and as role models. The aims of this study were to examine smoking prevalence, knowledge and attitudes among Italian university students attending medical schools using the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) approach. Methods and study design A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among University students of 9 Italian medical schools (age ranging between 19 and 29 years). The GHPSS questionnaire was self-administered. A logistic regression model was used to identify possible factors associated with tobacco smoking status. Data were analyzed…