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showing 10 items of 2973 documents
Masculinization in Parents of Offspring With Autism Spectrum Disorders Could Be Involved in Comorbid ADHD Symptoms
2017
OBJECTIVE: People with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often have comorbid ADHD symptoms. ASD and ADHD are both associated with high intrauterine testosterone (T) levels. This study aims to investigate whether masculinization predicts inattention symptoms in parents, and in their ASD-affected offspring.METHOD: The sample consisted of 32 parents with ASD-affected children (13 male, 19 female) and 32 offspring individuals (28 male, 4 female). Masculinization of parents was measured by 2D:4D finger ratio, and current T levels. Inattention in both parents and in their offspring was measured with behavior questionnaires.RESULTS: The results indicated that masculinized 2D:4D explains inattentive …
Does the longevity of one or both parents influence the health status of their offspring?
2013
According to the findings of some recent studies, the centenarians' offspring appear to represent a promising model for research on longevity and healthy aging. This study compares the health status and the functional status of three groups of subjects: 1. individuals with two long-lived parents (one of whom centenarian), 2. individuals with only one long-lived (centenarian) parent, and 3. individuals with no long-lived parents. The goal is to verify whether the centenarians' offspring display any advantage over the offspring of both non-long-lived parents and to evaluate whether the longevity of the non centenarian parent provides a further advantage. A total of 374 subjects (mean age appr…
Recommendation for ophthalmic care in German preschool health examination and its adherence: Results of the prospective cohort study ikidS.
2018
BackgroundEach child in Germany undergoes a preschool health examination including vision screening and recommendations for further ophthalmic care. This study investigated the frequency of and adherence to these recommendations.MethodsA population-based prospective cohort study was performed in the area of Mainz-Bingen (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany). All preschoolers were examined at the statutory preschool health examination, which includes vision testing (Rodenstock vision screener) with available correction in the last preschool year. Based on the results, recommendations for further ophthalmic care were given to the parents. Six weeks prior to school entry, parents were surveyed conce…
Metabolic syndrome in the offspring of centenarians: focus on prevalence, components, and adipokines
2013
With aging, an increased prevalence of a clustering of metabolic abnormalities has been observed. These abnormalities include obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance and are collectively known as metabolic syndrome (MetS), a low-grade, systemic, inflammatory condition associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other adverse health outcomes. A number of studies have demonstrated that centenarians’ offspring have a significant survival advantage and a lower risk of developing the most important age-related diseases. They therefore represent one of the best models with which to study the familiar component of human longevity. The aim of this …
The cortisol awakening response in caregivers of schizophrenic offspring shows sensitivity to patient status
2010
Taking care of offspring during a prolonged period of time is probably one of the most stressful life experiences for parents. The present study compares the cortisol awakening response (CAR) in 38 long-term caregivers (mothers and fathers of schizophrenic relatives) with a control group of 32 non-caregivers. Factors such as general stress, caregiver burden, patient severity, and institutionalization were studied. Although a blunted CAR was observed in caregivers in comparison with controls, this difference was not significant. Among caregivers, the absence of institutionalization for the patient is associated with a lack of CAR in caregivers in comparison with caregivers of institutionally…
Thalamic hyperdensity — is it a diagnostic marker for Sandhoff disease?
1993
Sandhoff disease, also known as GM2-gangliosidoses variant 0, is caused by the deficient activity of both hexosaminidase A and hexosaminidase B. We report a 15-month-old boy diagnosed with Sandhoff disease by demonstrating the enzyme deficiency. The interesting finding was bilateral thalamic hyperdensity on the CT scan. The hyperdensity in all previously published cases was homogeneous and symmetric and limited to the thalamus; the cause still remains unknown. We suggest that the finding of dense thalami may be useful as a specific diagnostic criterion for the GM2-gangliosidoses and especially for Sandhoff disease.
Fish Intake in Pregnancy and Child Growth: A Pooled Analysis of 15 European and US Birth Cohorts
2016
Importance Maternal fish intake in pregnancy has been shown to influence fetal growth. The extent to which fish intake affects childhood growth and obesity remains unclear. Objective To examine whether fish intake in pregnancy is associated with offspring growth and the risk of childhood overweight and obesity. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter, population-based birth cohort study of singleton deliveries from 1996 to 2011 in Belgium, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Massachusetts. A total of 26 184 pregnant women and their children were followed up at 2-year intervals until the age of 6 years. Exposures Consumption of fish dur…
Maternal Consumption of Seafood in Pregnancy and Child Neuropsychological Development: A Longitudinal Study Based on a Population With High Consumpti…
2016
Seafood consumption during pregnancy is thought to be beneficial for child neuropsychological development, but to our knowledge no large cohort studies with high fatty fish consumption have analyzed the association by seafood subtype. We evaluated 1,892 and 1,589 mother-child pairs at the ages of 14 months and 5 years, respectively, in a population-based Spanish birth cohort established during 2004-2008. Bayley and McCarthy scales and the Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test were used to assess neuropsychological development. Results from multivariate linear regression models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and further adjusted for umbilical cord blood mercury or long-chain p…
High-birth weight and other risk factors for Wilms tumour: results of a population-based case-control study.
2001
Wilms tumour, or nephroblastoma, is one of the childhood cancers included in two recent population-based case-control studies in West Germany. Altogether, 177 children under the age of 10 years with Wilms tumour diagnosed between 1988 and 1994 and 2006 control children sampled from population registration files participated. Information on potential risk factors was obtained from the parents using a questionnaire and by subsequent telephone interview. We found an association with a high birth weight >4000 g (odds ratio 1.58; 95% confidence interval 1.01–2.48), which was somewhat stronger for children aged 2 years or older. Findings for young maternal age at birth and certain parental occupa…
The impact of the degree of obesity on the discrepancies between office and ambulatory blood pressure values in youth.
2006
Objectives Obesity is an increasingly frequent problem among children and adolescents, and may lead to blood pressure (BP) increase. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension, white-coat and masked hypertension in obese adolescents making systematic use of both office BP and 24-h ambulatory BP measurement. The impact of different degrees of obesity on BP and heart rate variability was also investigated. Methods Office and ambulatory BP were obtained in 285 overweight and obese Caucasian adolescents (11–18 years old) and in 180 age- and sex-matched controls. The extent of obesity was quantified using body mass index z score. Results A significant positive rela…