Search results for "Oil Production"
showing 10 items of 59 documents
Helium-jet ion guide for an on-line isotope separator
1981
Abstract A new method based on helium-jet techniques permits primary recoil ions produced in radioactive decay or in nuclear reactions to be run directly through a mass separator. Test results with a 227 Ac source give promise of qualities complementary to those obtained with conventional ion sources. This, 69 ± 5 per cent of the recoil particles transported with pure, commercial helium are positive ions, and 66 ± 5 per cent of them are mass separated. Nearly equal efficiencies are expected for most chemical elements and compounds. The mass spectra are remarkably free from groups caused by impurities. The shortest achievable separation time is estimated to be of the order of one millisecond.
Life Cycle Assessment of olive oil: a case study in Southern Italy
2018
The paper describes the results of a specific LCA based analysis of the production of oil in the region of Calabria, in southern Italy. The goal of the study is to assess the energy and environmental impacts of different scenarios involving conventional and organic cultivations, plains and hills cultivations and involving different operating techniques. The study also aims at assessing the share of each life cycle step on the total of energy and environmental impacts. The functional unit chosen for the comparative analysis is a glass bottle of 0.75 l of extra-vergine oil. A “from cradle to gate” perspective was chosen. The analysis was developed according to the LCA standards of the ISO 140…
Rotor—frame contact in a centrifuge installed on board a ship
2009
The criticality of rotor and stator contact in a large-size marine separator is studied by numerical modelling. Two plausible mechanisms leading to such contact, namely rolling of a ship in steady-state motion and a suddenly occurring unbalance in the rotor, are considered. It is found that contact due to sea motion may be tolerable, while sudden development of unbalance at operating speed can lead to unacceptably high contact forces. This agrees with experience of centrifugal separators operating on board of ships.
Chemical weathering of volcanic rocks at the island of Pantelleria, Italy: Information from soil profile and soil solution investigations
2007
Abstract Concentrations of major, minor and trace elements were determined in soil profiles and soil solutions from the island of Pantelleria, Sicily Channel, to evaluate the weathering extent of soils evolved on trachytic and pantelleritic rocks and the aqueous transport of elements by their soil solutions. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) indicates a low-to-moderate degree of weathering; consistently, the mineralogical and geochemical imprints of the parent rocks are generally preserved. The chemical weathering appears to be incongruent, owing to primary minerals and glass dissolving to a variable degree while secondary minerals have formed. Based on the calculated saturation state …
Over-estimation of efficiency of weathering in tropical “Red Soils”: its importance for geoecological problems
2000
Abstract Weathering and soil formation rates are regarded as the main criteria of a tolerable soil loss. The efficiency of weathering in the seasonal semiarid tropics has often been greatly over-estimated especially in the geomorphologic literature in which weathering is assumed to be as fast or even faster than surface erosion. Six selected “Red Soils” in two intramontane basins of hyperthermic SW Nepal near the border with India, with 1500–1750 mm annual rainfall (5 humid months), and a “Black Soil” near Baroda, Gujarat, India (3–4 humid months) were studied mineralogically. Two of the “Red Soils” have TL ages between 10 and 30 ka, the “Black Soil” has one of about 10 ka. The yellowish si…
Clay minerals, oxyhydroxide formation, element leaching and humus development in volcanic soils
2008
Aweathering sequence with soils developing on volcanic, trachy-basaltic parent materials with ages ranging from 100–115,000 years in the Etna region served as the basis to analyse and calculate the accumulation and stabilisation mechanisms of soil organic matter (SOM), the transformation of pedogenic Fe and Al, the formation and transformation of clay minerals, the weathering indices and, by means of mass-balance calculations, net losses of the main elements. Although the soils were influenced by ash depositions during their development and the soil on the oldest lava flow developed to a great extent under a different climate, leaching of elements and mineral formation and transformation co…
Beta decay of the new isotope101Sn
1995
The very neutron-deficient isotope 101Sn was produced in a 50Cr(58Ni, 2p5n) reaction and its decay properties were determined for the first time. By using chemically selective ion sources of an on-line mass separator, the energy spectrum and the half-life (3 ± 1 s) of beta-delayed protons of 101Sn were measured. These results are compared to theoretical predictions.
In-beam spectroscopy of $^{253,254}$No
2002
In-beam conversion electron spectroscopy experiments have been performed on the transfermium nuclei 253,254No using the conversion electron spectrometer SACRED in nearly collinear geometry in conjunction with the gas-filled separator RITU at the University of Jyvaskyla. The experimental setup is discussed and the spectra are compared to Monte Carlo simulations. The implications for the ground-state configuration of 253No are discussed.
Spectroscopic Tools Applied to Element Z = 115 Decay Chains
2014
Nuclides that are considered to be isotopes of element Z = 115 were produced in the reaction 48Ca + 243Am at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Darmstadt. The detector setup TASISpec was used. It was mounted behind the gas-filled separator TASCA. Thirty correlated α-decay chains were found, and the energies of the particles were determined with high precision. Two important spectroscopic aspects of the offline data analysis are discussed in detail: the handling of digitized preamplified signals from the silicon strip detectors, and the energy reconstruction of particles escaping to upstream detectors relying on pixel-by-pixel dead-layer thicknesses.
Towards a "perfect" Penning trap mass spectrometer for unstable isotopes
1992
A Penning trap mass spectrometer has been set up at the on-line isotope separator ISOLDE/CERN for the mass determination of unstable heavy isotopes. The spectrometer should fulfil the following requirements: capture of external ions in high efficiency, high resolving power and accuracy, general applicability to all elements and isotopes available at the on-line facility.