Search results for "Olea europaea"
showing 10 items of 69 documents
Comportamento agronomico ed aspetti ecofisiologici dell'olivo (olea europaea l.) in impianti superintensivi.
2011
Possible role of mannitol as an oxygen radical scavenger in olive
2011
Along with mannose and sucrose, olive produces large amounts of mannitol in photosynthesizing leaves. Leaf mannitol shows large variation among olive genotypes and Sicilian cultivars with different leaf mannitol content were used in our trials to see whether mannitol may function as an additional non-enzymatic system to protect cells from oxygen radicals and photosystem damage. In one experiment, entire shoots of 'Passulunara', 'Castriciana', 'Nocellara del Belice', and 'Moresca' olive trees were taken to a greenhouse, and mature leaves were treated with paraquat solution, which generates oxygen radicals in presence of light. After 48 hours leaves were sampled, photographed and percent of n…
Plant-based water stress sensing in two olive cultivars with different physiological responses to drought
2022
A large portion of modern olive plantings is dominated by one main cultivar (‘Arbequina’) planted at super high density (SHD, 1,500 tree ha‑1), leading to a dangerous reduction in olive biodiversity. Very few cultivars have growth and productive patterns that suit the SHD system requirements. Partial intensification and mechanization with several cultivars may represent the safest and easiest alternative. The efficient use of limited natural resources, such as water, in SHD systems, requires precise management. Continuous plant-based sensing is a promising approach to managing water, mainly tested on the cultivar ‘Arbequina’. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity of two promising indi…
Olive Seed Wasp in Cultivated Olives. Possible threat.
2020
The possible threat to cultivated olives due to some Chalcidoidea seed wasps are here highlighted, showing symptoms, identification and seasonal occurrence
Olive seed wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), potentially important pests of olive crops in the Western Cape of South Africa
2019
Most phytophagous insects on cultivated olives, Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea var. europaea, in South Africa are native and come from the local wild olive tree, Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata. This paper presents the first qualitative and comparative data regarding the phytophagous seed wasps on cultivated and wild olives. From 2009 to 2012, 62 random fruit samples were collected from untreated cultivated olive trees and 53 random fruit samples from wild olives at 13 different localities in the Western Cape. During spring 2013 and summer 2014, olives collected from the trees were dissected with a scalpel (when the pit was still soft) in search of seed wasp eggs and young larvae or cut wi…
Contribution à l’étude de la fraction insaponifiable de trois huiles d’olive issues des variétés Guasto, Rougette et Blanquette plantés dans l’est al…
2010
The sterol profile of three Algerian virgin olive oils produced from Guasto, Blanquette and Rougette cultivar’s, varieties grown in the East of the country, was established by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector and coupled to mass spectrometry. Four sterol compounds were identified and characterized in the three oils which are, sitosterol always predominant (43-66%), delta 5-avenasterol (8-13%), stigmasterol (≤ 1,5%) and campesterol (1-2%); one methyl sterol (4-methylsterol) : citrostadienol (4-7%) and two triterpenic alcohols : 24-methylene cycloartanol (10-33%) and cycloartenol (3-13%). These results vary according to campany and variety. Our study shows that most of the…
The effect of different vigour olive clones on growth, dry matter partitioning and gas exchange under water deficit
2012
Abstract In the last decade, high-density olive planting systems have been developed to facilitate less costly mechanical harvesting and pruning by using straddle harvesters. High-density orchards allow faster production since the first crop of fruit starts a few years after planting. In high-density orchards the control of tree size is essential. It is possible to control the vigour and size of the tree by selecting suitable cultivars, by choosing rootstocks capable of controlling scion vigour and, finally, by applying deficit irrigation to reduce plant vegetative growth. Knowledge of tree water requirements is needed for precise irrigation scheduling. In this study, the dwarfing capacity …
Early bearing and vegetative growth of 153 Sicilian olive accessions
2018
In 2014, an olive germplasm collection was established in south-western Sicily, Italy. The collection included 153 Sicilian accessions and 3 international varieties (reference), each with 7 trees, spaced at 5×2 m and trained to hedgerow system. The aim of the trial was to study early growth and yield responses of the accessions to super-high planting density (SHD). Trunk cross sectional area, tree height, pruning weights, shoot positioning, blooming and fruit yield (kg tree-1) were measured in 2015 and 2016. Based on trunk growth and amount of prunings, the 153 accessions were separated into four categories of vigor as it follows: very high vigor (6 accessions), high vigor (13), medium vigo…
Evaluation of different mechanical fruit harvesting systems and oil quality in very large size olive trees
2014
In 2006 and 2009, trials were carried out in the Apulia region in Southern Italy to evalu-ate the possibility of mechanizing olive harvesting in groves of old and very large trees. The trees belonged to the cultivars ‘Cellina di Nardò’ and ‘Ogliarola Salentina’. They were 60-100 years old and 7-9 m tall with a canopy volume of 140-360 m3. In the first half of November 2006, with a mechanical beater mounted on a tractor plus hand-held pneumatic combs, the harvesting yield was close to 90% of the total olives present in the canopy, and the harvesting working productivity was around 60 kg of harvested olives h-1 worker-1. With a self-propelled shaker attached to the main branches the harvestin…