Search results for "Open problem"

showing 7 items of 37 documents

U(N) invariant dynamics for a simplified loop quantum gravity model

2011

The implementation of the dynamics in Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) is still an open problem. Here, we discuss a tentative dynamics for the simplest class of graphs in LQG: Two vertices linked with an arbitrary number of edges. We use the recently introduced U(N) framework in order to construct SU(2) invariant operators and define a global U(N) symmetry that will select the homogeneous/isotropic states. Finally, we propose a Hamiltonian operator invariant under area-preserving deformations of the boundary surface and we identify possible connections of this model with Loop Quantum Cosmology.

PhysicsSurface (mathematics)History010308 nuclear & particles physicsOpen problemFOS: Physical sciencesBoundary (topology)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Loop quantum gravityLinear-quadratic-Gaussian control01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologySymmetry (physics)Computer Science ApplicationsEducation0103 physical sciencesddc:530Invariant (mathematics)010306 general physicsMathematical physicsLoop quantum cosmologyJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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New Insights into Protein (Un)Folding Dynamics.

2015

A fundamental open problem in biophysics is how the folded structure of the main chain (MC) of a protein is determined by the physics of the interactions between the side-chains (SCs). All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of a model protein (Trp-cage) revealed that strong correlations between the motions of the SCs and the MC occur transiently at 380 K in unfolded segments of the protein, and during the simulations of the whole amino-acid sequence at 450 K. The high correlation between the SC and MC fluctuations is a fundamental property of the unfolded state and is also relevant to unstructured proteins as Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs), for which new reaction coordinates are …

Protein FoldingChemistryOpen problemBiophysicsProteinsSequence (biology)Molecular Dynamics SimulationIntrinsically disordered proteinsArticleFolding (chemistry)Intrinsically Disordered ProteinsCrystallographyMolecular dynamicsSide chainBiophysicsHumansThermodynamicsGeneral Materials ScienceProtein foldingAmino Acid SequencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPeptidesPeptide sequenceThe journal of physical chemistry letters
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On the inverse absolute continuity of quasiconformal mappings on hypersurfaces

2018

We construct quasiconformal mappings $f\colon \mathbb{R}^{3} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{3}$ for which there is a Borel set $E \subset \mathbb{R}^2 \times \{0\}$ of positive Lebesgue $2$-measure whose image $f(E)$ has Hausdorff $2$-measure zero. This gives a solution to the open problem of inverse absolute continuity of quasiconformal mappings on hypersurfaces, attributed to Gehring. By implication, our result also answers questions of V\"ais\"al\"a and Astala--Bonk--Heinonen.

Pure mathematicsMathematics::Complex VariablesMathematics - Complex VariablesGeneral MathematicsImage (category theory)Open problem010102 general mathematicsHausdorff spaceZero (complex analysis)InverseAbsolute continuityLebesgue integration01 natural sciences30C65 30L10funktioteoriasymbols.namesakeFOS: MathematicssymbolsMathematics::Metric GeometryComplex Variables (math.CV)0101 mathematicsBorel setMathematics
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Ulam Stability for the Composition of Operators

2020

Working in the setting of Banach spaces, we give a simpler proof of a result concerning the Ulam stability of the composition of operators. Several applications are provided. Then, we give an example of a discrete semigroup with Ulam unstable members and an example of Ulam stable operators on a Banach space, such that their sum is not Ulam stable. Another example is concerned with a C 0 -semigroup ( T t ) t &ge

Pure mathematicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)General MathematicsOpen problemBanach space02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesStability (probability)closed linear subspacescomposition of operators0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer Science (miscellaneous)0101 mathematicsNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsMathematicsMathematics::Functional AnalysisSemigrouplcsh:Mathematics010102 general mathematicsUlam stabilityComposition (combinatorics)lcsh:QA1-939Nonlinear Sciences::Chaotic Dynamics<i>C</i><sub>0</sub>-semigroupsTheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESChemistry (miscellaneous)Computer Science::Programming Languages020201 artificial intelligence & image processingSymmetry
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On Daugavet indices of thickness

2020

Inspired by R. Whitley's thickness index the last named author recently introduced the Daugavet index of thickness of Banach spaces. We continue the investigation of the behavior of this index and also consider two new versions of the Daugavet index of thickness, which helps us solve an open problem which connect the Daugavet indices with the Daugavet equation. Moreover, we will improve the formerly known estimates of the behavior of Daugavet index on direct sums of Banach spaces by establishing sharp bounds. As a consequence of our results we prove that, for every $0<\delta<2$, there exists a Banach space where the infimum of the diameter of convex combinations of slices of the unit ball i…

Unit spherePure mathematicsMathematics::Functional AnalysisIndex (economics)Existential quantificationOpen problem010102 general mathematicsRegular polygonBanach space01 natural sciencesInfimum and supremumFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Negative - answerMathematics - Functional Analysis0103 physical sciencesFOS: Mathematics46B20 46B22010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsAnalysisMathematics
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Ledrappier-Young formula and exact dimensionality of self-affine measures

2017

In this paper, we solve the long standing open problem on exact dimensionality of self-affine measures on the plane. We show that every self-affine measure on the plane is exact dimensional regardless of the choice of the defining iterated function system. In higher dimensions, under certain assumptions, we prove that self-affine and quasi self-affine measures are exact dimensional. In both cases, the measures satisfy the Ledrappier-Young formula. peerReviewed

local dimensionPlane (geometry)General MathematicsOpen problem010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysista111Dynamical Systems (math.DS)01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)self-affine set010101 applied mathematicsIterated function systemself-affine measureHausdorff dimension37C45 28A80FOS: MathematicsApplied mathematicsAffine transformation0101 mathematicsMathematics - Dynamical Systemshausdorff dimensionMathematicsCurse of dimensionality
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Nonlinear Liouville Problems in a Quarter Plane

2016

We answer affirmatively the open problem proposed by Cabr\'e and Tan in their paper "Positive solutions of nonlinear problems involving the square root of the Laplacian" (see Adv. Math. {\bf 224} (2010), no. 5, 2052-2093).

osittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälötPlane (geometry)General MathematicsOpen problemta111010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis35B09 35B53 35J60Quarter (United States coin)01 natural sciencesNonlinear systemMathematics - Analysis of PDEsSquare root0103 physical sciencesFOS: Mathematicspartial differential equations010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsLaplace operatorAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)MathematicsInternational Mathematics Research Notices
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