Search results for "Open"
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Age and Muscle Function Are More Closely Associated With Intracellular Magnesium, as Assessed by
2019
Total serum magnesium is a common clinical measurement for assessing magnesium status; however, magnesium in blood represents less than 1% of the body’s total magnesium content. We measured intramuscular ionized magnesium by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) and tested the hypothesis that this measure better correlates with skeletal muscle function and captures more closely the effect of aging than the traditional measure of total serum magnesium. Data were collected from 441 participants (age 24–98 years) in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), a study of normative aging that encompasses a broad age range. Results showed that intramuscular ionized magnesium …
Diagnóstico de sarcopenia y medición de la composición corporal en pacientes con cáncer mediante tomografía computarizada
2020
Los pacientes con cáncer presentan desnutrición asociada no sólo con las características propias del tumor, sino también a los tratamientos que deben ser aplicados para la curación de la enfermedad (cirugía, quimioterapia o radioterapia). El cáncer tiene un efecto negativo sobre la composición corporal, ya que disminuye directamente la ingesta de alimentos del paciente (interfiere mecánicamente con el tránsito del aparato digestivo), o indirectamente (a través de la secreción de sustancias que actúan sobre los receptores periféricos o el hipotálamo). Asimismo, los diferentes tipos de tratamientos aplicados en pacientes con cáncer son una causa importante de la alteración de su estado nutric…
Role of Menopausal Transition and Physical Activity in Loss of Lean and Muscle Mass : A Follow-Up Study in Middle-Aged Finnish Women
2020
In midlife, women experience hormonal changes due to menopausal transition. A decrease especially in estradiol has been hypothesized to cause loss of muscle mass. This study investigated the effect of menopausal transition on changes in lean and muscle mass, from the total body to the muscle fiber level, among 47–55-year-old women. Data were used from the Estrogenic Regulation of Muscle Apoptosis (ERMA) study, where 234 women were followed from perimenopause to early postmenopause. Hormone levels (estradiol and follicle stimulating hormone), total and regional body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT) scans), physical activity level (self-reported…
Estudio de la sarcopenia y la fragilidad en una población diabética de edad avanzada y su relación con parámetros de estrés oxidativo
2022
El envejecimiento de la población ha provocado que enfermedades crónicas asociadas a la edad como la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) y síndromes geriátricos como la fragilidad o la sarcopenia hayan aumentado su prevalencia en la población. La DM2 aumenta el riesgo de padecer sarcopenia y fragilidad en la población geriátrica a la vez que el diagnóstico de sarcopenia y fragilidad supone un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de diabetes. Al estudiar los mecanismos fisiopatológicos de estas patologías se encuentra el estrés oxidativo (EO) como unión, que podría explicar parte de las consecuencias clínicas asociadas tanto a la fragilidad y sarcopenia como a la DM2. Nuestro objetivo fue estudiar…
Open Science in the digital era
2021
Advances in digital technologies have disrupted the established openness of the institution of open science in the digital era. They have introduced unprecedented possibilities and challenges to instantly, interactively, collaboratively, and responsibly perform science around the world. This doctoral dissertation is aimed at a philosophical, sociological, and economic conceptualization of the normative structure of open science in the digital era, as well as revealing its impact on the established governance of research and innovation at universities. I present a systematic literature review and two empirical studies on how new digital technologies and tools, together with new open physical…
BEMOD: A DSGE Model for the Spanish Economy and the Rest of the Euro Area
2006
In this paper we present the theoretical foundations and the simulation results obtained with a new dynamic general equilibrium model developed at the Banco de España for the Spanish economy and the rest of Euro area. The model is designed to help in simulating the effect of alternative shocks on the main aggregate variables. The main contributions of this work from a theoretical perspective are the modelling of a monetary union composed of two regions, the inclusion of housing as a durable good with its own sector of production and the degree and detail of the disaggregation considered for each country in the model, which replicates the Quarterly National Accounts. On the empirical side, t…
Flow characteristics in a large amplitude meandering bend
2009
Security and securitization: Copenhagen and beyond
2017
Security is strictly linked to the possibility of adopting exceptional measures within the framework of decision-making processes transcending normal political processes. However, an exploration of the evolution of the security concept challenges the premises of its exceptionality, and brings attention to its contextual elements. The Copenhagen school has greatly contributed to this exploration and it has focused on securitization, that is the process through which security threats are identified and exceptional measures in response are legitimized. After having highlighted the evolution of the security concept, the article presents the securitization proposal of the Copenhagen school and p…
New Stage–Discharge Relationship for Triangular Broad-Crested Weirs
2022
Simple hydraulic structures, such as weirs, allow measuring flow discharge by using the upstream flow depth and a stage–discharge relationship. In this relationship, a discharge coefficient is introduced to correct all the effects neglected in the derivation (viscosity, surface tension, velocity head in the approach channel, flow turbulence, non-uniform velocity profile, and streamline curvature due to weir contraction). In this paper, the dimensional analysis and the incomplete self-similarity theory are used to investigate the outflow process of triangular broad-crested weirs, characterized by different values of the ratio between crest height p and channel width B, and to theoretic…
The effects of grazing history, soil properties and stand structure on the communities of saprotrophic fungi in wood-pastures
2022
Wood-pastures are threatened anthropogenic biotopes that provide habitat for an extensive group of species. Here we studied the effect of management, grazing intensity, time since abandonment, historical land-use intensity, soil properties and stand conditions on communities of saprotrophic fungi in wood-pastures in Central Finland. We found that the proportion of broadleaved trees and soil pH are the major drivers in the communities of saprotrophic fungi in these boreal wood-pastures. In addition, tree species richness, soil moisture, historical land-use intensity and time since abandonment affected the communities of saprotrophic fungi. Current management or grazing intensity did not have…