Search results for "Optica"
showing 10 items of 7696 documents
Non‐invasive diagnostic techniques in pigmentary skin disorders and skin cancer
2021
Background Diagnosis of pigmentary skin disorders, pre-cancerous and cancerous skin diseases is traditionally relied on visual assessment. The most widely applied invasive diagnostic technique is the skin biopsy. There have been significant technological advances in non-invasive diagnostic methods for skin disorders. Objective The objective of this article is to discuss different non-invasive diagnostic modalities, used in the diagnosis of pigmentary skin disorders and cutaneous cancers. Methods Comprehensive literature search was performed to screen articles related to non-invasive diagnostic techniques in pigmentary skin disorders and cutaneous cancers. Articles published in journals inde…
Design and Validation of an Expanded Disability Status Scale Model in Multiple Sclerosis.
2020
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> We aimed to develop and validate an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) model through clinical, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Sixty-four multiple sclerosis (MS) patients underwent peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and segmented macular layers evaluation through OCT (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering). Brain parenchymal fraction was quantified through Freesurfer, while cervical spinal cord (SC) volume was assessed manually guided by Spinal Cord Toolbox software analysis. EDSS, neuroradiological, and OCT assessment were carried out …
Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA): Intracoronary imaging-based diagnosis and management.
2021
Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is defined by clinical evidence of myocardial infarction (MI) with normal or near-normal coronary arteries on angiography. This condition is present in about 5% to 25% of patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes. MINOCA is a working diagnosis. Current guidelines and consensus recommend identification of underlying causes of MINOCA in order to optimize treatment, improve prognosis, and promote prevention of recurrent myocardial infarction. An accurate evaluation of patient history, symptoms and use of invasive and non-invasive imaging should lead to identification of epicardial or microvascular causes of MINOCA an…
Novel imaging modalities in the detection of oesophageal neoplasia.
2008
The prognosis of oesophageal neoplasia is dependent on the stage of the disease at the time of detection. Early lesions have an excellent prognosis in contrast to more advanced stages that usually have a dismal prognosis. Therefore, the early detection of these lesions is of the utmost importance. In recent years, several new techniques have been introduced to improve the endoscopic detection of early lesions. The most important improvement, in general, has been the introduction of high-resolution/high-definition endoscopy into daily clinical practice. The value of superimposing techniques such as chromoendoscopy, narrow band imaging and computed virtual chromoendoscopy onto high-resolution…
Towards a Rapid Screening of Liver Grafts at the Operating Room Using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy
2020
The estimation of steatosis in a liver graft is mandatory prior to liver transplantation, as the risk of graft failure increases with the level of infiltrated fat. However, the assessment of liver steatosis before transplantation is typically based on a qualitative or semiquantitative characterization by visual inspection and palpation and histological analysis. Thus, there is an unmet need for transplantation surgeons to have access to a diagnostic tool enabling an in situ fast classification of grafts prior to extraction. In this study, we have assessed an attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopic method compatible with the requirements of an operatio…
Mismatch Between Imaging and Functional Relevance of Coronary Stenoses: Seeing Is Not Believing
2016
This case emphasizes the differences between structural, anatomic, and functional assessment of coronary lesions. Both the LAD and the RCX presented lesions which, while seemingly severe at optical coherence tomography, did not cause functional obstruction.
New Trends in Detectors for Medical Imaging
2010
The improvement of medical imaging instrumentation is based both on the enhancement of the performance of the detectors employed in their construction and on the development of novel techniques and methods that allow full exploitation of the advantages of the new instrumentation.
NeXt for neuro-radiosurgery: A fully automatic approach for necrosis extraction in brain tumor MRI using an unsupervised machine learning technique
2017
Stereotactic neuro-radiosurgery is a well-established therapy for intracranial diseases, especially brain metastases and highly invasive cancers that are difficult to treat with conventional surgery or radiotherapy. Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most used modality in radiation therapy for soft-tissue anatomical districts, allowing for an accurate gross tumor volume (GTV) segmentation. Investigating also necrotic material within the whole tumor has significant clinical value in treatment planning and cancer progression assessment. These pathological necrotic regions are generally characterized by hypoxia, which is implicated in several aspects of tumor development and gro…
Automatic scanning of large tissue areas in neurosurgery using optical coherence tomography
2012
Background With its high spatial and temporal resolution, optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an ideal modality for intra-operative imaging. One possible application is to detect tumour invaded tissue in neurosurgery, e.g. during complete resection of glioblastoma. Ideally, the whole resection cavity is scanned. However, OCT is limited to a small field of view (FOV) and scanning perpendicular to the tissue surface. Methods We present a new method to use OCT for scanning of the resection cavity during neurosurgical resection of brain tumours. The main challenges are creating a map of the cavity, scanning perpendicular to the surface and merging the three-dimensional (3D) data for intra-ope…