Search results for "Optica"

showing 10 items of 7696 documents

Up-conversion processes in NaLaF4:Er3+

2009

abstract Structural and spectroscopic investigation of NaLaF 4 :Er 3+ material at different doping concentrations ispresented. X-ray diffraction patterns, up-conversion luminescence spectra and decay curves for 2 H 9/2 ? 4 I 15/2 , 4 S 3/2 ? 4 I 15/2 and 4 F 9/2 ? 4 I 15/2 optical transitions in the material are shown and possibleexcitation routes are discussed. Raman spectrum for the undoped material is presented and the effectivephonon energy of the material is estimated. Based on the obtained results application of rare-earth dopedNaLaF 4 in the field of up-conversion phosphors is evaluated. 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. IntroductionFor many years rare-earth (RE) doped materi…

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryDopingAnalytical chemistryNonlinear opticsPhosphorAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhoton upconversionElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakesymbolsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsTime-resolved spectroscopyLuminescenceRaman spectroscopySpectroscopyOptical Materials
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Light-emitting electrochemical cells based on a supramolecularly-caged phenanthroline-based iridium complex.

2011

The complex [Ir(ppy)(2)(pphen)][PF(6)] (Hppy = 2-phenylpyridine, pphen = 2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) has been prepared and evaluated as an electroluminescent component for light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). Like in analogous LECs using bpy-based iridium(III) complexes a significant enhancement of the device stability is observed.

ChemistryPhenanthrolineMetals and Alloyschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryElectroluminescencePhotochemistryCatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrochemical cellchemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesIridiumChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Negative thermal expansion of quartz glass at low temperatures: An ab initio simulation study

2017

Abstract Using a mixed classical Molecular dynamics (MD)/ab initio simulation scheme combined with a quasi-harmonic approximation, we calculate the linear thermal expansion coefficient αL(T) in vitreous silica glasses. The systems are first cooled down by classical MD simulations. Then they are structurally relaxed by ab initio DFT calculations. The vibrational properties are calculated employing the frozen phonon method, and these results are finally used to calculate the Helmholtz free energy as a function of volume. In agreement with experiments, our simulations predict that αL(T) is negative at low temperatures up to T ≈ 150 K. In this low-temperature regime, the simulation results are …

ChemistryPhononAb initioThermodynamics02 engineering and technologyFunction (mathematics)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesThermal expansionElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeMolecular dynamicsVolume (thermodynamics)Negative thermal expansionHelmholtz free energy0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositessymbolsPhysical chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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Anisotropy of the refractive index and absorption coefficient in the layer plane of gallium telluride single crystals

1995

Refractive index and absorption coefficient of GaTe for light polarized in the optical axis directions in the layer plane are determined from transmission measurements. The refractive index is determined in the wavelength range from 0.7 to 25 μm and the absorption coefficient in the range of energies from 1.6 to 2 eV at room temperature and at 30 K. The optical constants are found to be anisotropic in the layer plane. The refractive index dispersion is interpreted through a Phillips-Van Vechten model and the Penn gaps for each direction are found to be E pg (⊥b) = 3.37 eV and E pg (∥b) = 3.58 eV. In the long-wavelength region a polar phonon contribution is also taken into account. The absor…

ChemistryPhononbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOptical axischemistry.chemical_compoundOpticsAbsorption edgeAttenuation coefficientTellurideAbsorptancebusinessAnisotropyRefractive indexPhysica Status Solidi (a)
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Second harmonic generation in SiO2 sol-gel films functionalized with Ethyl-[4-(4-nitro-phenylazo)-phenyl]-(2-oxiranylmethoxy-ethyl)-amine (ENPMA) mol…

2010

Abstract High concentrations of Ethyl-[4-(4-nitro-phenylazo)-phenyl]-(2-oxiranylmethoxy-ethyl)-amine (ENPMA) chromophores were linked covalently to two different kinds of SiO 2 matrices prepared by the sol–gel method. The matrices differed in their reticulation level, determined by the organometallic precursor used during the synthesis. The materials were deposited as films by spin-coating. The chromophores in the films were oriented in a non-centrosymmetric way by a modified Corona poling set-up, and the nonresonant second order non-linear optical coefficient d 33 (0) of the films was determined by means of the Maker fringe technique. It was found that there is an optimum concentration of …

ChemistryPolingAnalytical chemistryChemical modificationCondensed Matter PhysicsCorona polingSettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCovalent bondMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesNitroMoleculePhysical chemistryAmine gas treatingSol-gel
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Gaseous sensors based on solid proton conductors

1992

Abstract he chemical sensors for different gaseous (alcohol, acetone, ammonia, water vapour) detection at room temperature are developed by using polycrystalline β-alumina and xerogel of antimonic acid hydrate (AAH). The sensitivity and selectivity of sensors depend on the ion-exchange and preparative methods. The possibility of producing different types of potentiometric, amperometric, voltammetric and resistance sensors on the basis of these ion-conducting materials is shown. More success is achieved by producing ammonia-sensitive devices on β-alumina as well as on AAH xerogel.

ChemistryPotentiometric titrationInorganic chemistryMetals and AlloysCondensed Matter PhysicsAmperometrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundAmmoniaAcetoneCrystalliteElectrical and Electronic EngineeringHydrateSelectivityInstrumentationWater vapor
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Energy transfer rates and pathways of single donor chromophores in a multichromophoric dendrimer built around a central acceptor core.

2004

An artificial light-harvesting dendrimer showing highly efficient electronic excitation energy transfer from four peripheral donors to one central acceptor has been investigated by single-molecule spectroscopy at low temperatures. Confocal imaging in combination with frequency selective excitation spectroscopy gives direct access to energy transfer rates of individual donors and allows the determination of energy transfer pathways within a single multichromophoric aggregate.

ChemistryQuantum yieldGeneral ChemistryChromophorePhotochemistryBiochemistryAcceptorCatalysisFluorescence spectroscopyCore (optical fiber)Colloid and Surface ChemistryDendrimerSpectroscopyExcitationJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Properties of methyl radical trapped in amorphous SiO2 and in natural SiO2-clathrate Melanophlogite

2013

Abstract We report an experimental investigation by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) on methyl radical (CH3 ) observed in γ-ray irradiated high-purity amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO2) and in a polycrystalline sample of Melanophlogite, a rare natural form of SiO2-clathrate. From the analysis of the EPR spectra we estimate the correlation time of the hindered rotational motion of CH3 molecules at T = 77 K in the two different materials. This physical quantity gives a quantitative measure of the freedom of motion of CH3 molecules trapped in the two solid systems, putting forward relevant information on the properties of the cavities/interstices in which the radicals are confined. In par…

ChemistryRadicalClathrate hydrateRadiation effectMethyl radicalSilicaCrystal structureengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundNuclear magnetic resonancelawChemical physicsMelanophlogiteMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesengineeringMethyl radicalCrystalliteElectron paramagnetic resonanceClathrateElectron paramagnetic resonanceJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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Diffusion and reactions of interstitial oxygen species in amorphous SiO2: A review

2008

This article briefly summarizes the diffusion and reactions of interstitial oxygen species in amorphous SiO 2 (a-SiO 2 ). The most common form of interstitial oxygen species is oxygen molecule (O 2 ), which is sensitively detectable via its characteristic infrared photoluminescence (PL) at 1272 nm. The PL observation of interstitial 0 2 provides key data to verify various processes related to interstitial oxygen species: the dominant role of interstitial O 2 in long-range oxygen transport in a-SiO 2 ; formation of the Frenkel defect pair (Si-Si bond and interstitial oxygen atom, 0°) by dense electronic excitation; efficient photolysis of interstitial O 2 into O° with F 2 laser light (λ= 157…

ChemistryRadicalPhotodissociationDangling bondOxygen transportchemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryOxygenChemical reactionElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesFrenkel defectMoleculeJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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Ultrafast Twisting of the Indoline Donor Unit Utilized in Solar Cell Dyes: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

2015

Previous time-resolved measurements on D149, the most-studied dye of the indoline family, had shown a fast time-component of 20–40 ps that had tentatively been attributed to structural relaxation. Using femtosecond transient absorption, we have investigated the isolated indoline donor unit (i.e., without acceptor group) and found an ultrafast decay characterized by two lifetimes of 3.5 and 23 ps. Density functional theory calculations show π-bonding and π*-antibonding character of the central ethylene group for the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO), respectively. The LUMO is localized on the flexible vinyl-diphenyl region of the donor unit and a twist…

ChemistryRelaxation (NMR)PhotochemistryAcceptorSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundGeneral EnergyExcited stateUltrafast laser spectroscopyIndolineDensity functional theoryMolecular orbitalPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHOMO/LUMOThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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