Search results for "Organized Crime"
showing 10 items of 40 documents
“La feccia dell’Europa del Sud”. Razza e costruzione dell’identità etnica nella stampa italiana di New York (1890-1910)
2016
A partire dai primi anni di immigrazione di massa (1890), gli immigrati italiani furono sempre raffigurati nella stampa mainstream in associazione con la criminalità, in particolare la criminalità organizzata,. Le prime immagini dei nuovi arrivati visti come una minaccia per la sicurezza e la moralità americana, col progredire del nuovo secolo, si diffusero sempre di più cristallizzandosi nella mente degli americani e finendo per diventare le rappresentazioni predominanti degli immigrati italiani. La risposta delle comunità italiane di nuova formazione si trova sulla stampa italo-americana, che fornì immagini alternative con cui la comunità italiana potesse identificarsi e prospettive alt…
Transnational Organized Crime and European Union: Aspects and Problem
2013
The fight against criminal organisations and their ability to carry out illegal activities beyond national systems has represented a “bridge head” in the European path towards the harmonisation of criminal laws in the Member States. After identifying the role of the harmonisation of criminal law in the European Union Treaties, the study underline that the difficulty in defining the concept of transnational organised crime could lead to a too wide European intervention. In order to avoid such a risk, it is useful to refer to other relevant international sources, like the 2000 Palermo UN Convention. Nevertheless, the more recent European decisions on the matter (in particular, a Resolution by…
Organized crime and public spending: a panel data analysis
2018
The aim of this paper is to investigate, empirically, what components of public spending imply a decreasing effect on organized crime and what components create opportunities for organized crime, discussing also the role of government efficiency. Using a panel data analysis, the results show a strikingly consistent pattern for the EU Member States. Organized crime mainly operates in the distribution of government spending for local public goods and public provision of private services. There is a decreasing effect on organized crime of the public expenditure devoted to education and social policy. Government efficiency in public spending is beneficial to limit the opportunities of the organ…
I traffici illeciti nell’area del Mediterraneo. Prevenzione e repressione nel diritto interno, europeo ed internazionale
2018
Il testo presenta il tema dei traffici illeciti nel Mediterraneo, oggetto del VIII Corso “Giuliano Vassalli” per dottorandi, svoltosi a Noto nel 2017, anche in relazione ai contributi dei partecipanti ai lavori, una selezione dei quali è stata pubblicata sulla stessa rivista The text presents the topics of the illicit traffics in the Mediterranean area, which was the subject of the 8th Training Course "Giuliano Vassalli" for PhD Candidates, held in Noto in 2017. The remarks are complemented by references to the contributions of the participants selected for the pubblication in the same review.
Socio-economic inequalities and organized crime: An empirical analysis
2020
In this chapter we contribute to the recent literature (e.g., Istat, 2010, Acciari et al., 2016, Guell et al., 2017) that provides evidence that inequality is high and social mobility is low in the Italian regions and prov-inces where organized crime is widespread such as those of Southern Italy. We complement this line of work in two respects. First, using a novel pan-el dataset at the regional level for the period 1985-2014 we investigate the relationship between inequality and organized crime at the regional level, exploiting both time and cross-sectional variation. Second, we assess the role of social mobility in organized crime. Our main finding is that higher inequality leads to highe…
Compari di san Giovanni. Matrimoni e battesimi nella mafia dell’agro palermitano negli anni Venti
2017
Matrimonies and Baptisms in the Mafia of Palermo during the Twenties Historical sources have demonstrated that, since the origins of the Mafia, it has always had strong links with religion. Often, mafiosi appear to conform to Christian values: they usually go to Mass and celebrate baptisms and marriages, or tend to use religious symbols, such as crosses or holy pictures. They favour the preservation of a traditional society, outwardly based on hierarchical values and family unity. However, their ceremonies and family ties are used to reinforce criminal alliances, often ratified by comparaggio, the strong tie that arises from baptism. This article, based mainly on police and judiciary source…
Interwencja NATO w Jugosławii w 1999 roku. W dwudziestą rocznicę ataku – przyczyny i konsekwencje
2019
Głównym celem jest przedstawienie uwarunkowań historycznych i politycznych ataku NATO na Jugosławię oraz ukazanie konsekwencji tej operacji, której głównym efektem było powstanie tzw. niezależnego państwa Kosowa, będącego w istocie niestabilnym te- rytorium spornym, stanowiącym bazę dla rozwoju przestępczości zorganizowanej i in- nych zagrożeń asymetrycznych. Operacja powietrzna o kryptonimie „Allied Force” roz- poczęła nowy rozdział w historii Sojuszu, który po raz pierwszy podjął działania zbrojne bez mandatu Rady Bezpieczeństwa ONZ, stwarzając tym samym niebezpieczny prece- dens na przyszłość. Serbowie w wyniku tej operacji zostali zmuszeni do pozostawienia Kosowa pod nadzorem ONZ. Trudn…
Emergenza criminale e diritto amministrativo. L’amministrazione pubblica dei beni confiscati
2017
Il libro approfondisce la disciplina speciale elaborata dal legislatore italiano in ordine alle modalità di gestione e di destinazione dei beni confiscati alla criminalità organizzata, tenendo conto della trasformazione del diritto della sicurezza pubblica che ha condotto alla formazione del diritto amministrativo dell'emergenza criminale.
Extortion, firm's size and the sectoral allocation of capital
2014
Extortion of firms is a typical activity of organized crime such as Mafia. We develop a simple principal-agent model to find the Mafia-optimal extortion as a function of firm’s observable characteristics, specifically firm’s size. We test the predictions of the model on a unique dataset on extortion in Sicily, the Italian region where Mafia is most active. Our empirical findings show that i) extortion moderately increases with firm’s size ii) extortion is regressive, the average extortion rate ranging from approximately 40% of operating profits for small firms to 2% for large firms iii) extortion turns average cost function decreasing, therefore influencing market competition
The Economics of Extortion: Theory and Evidence on the Sicilian Mafia
2019
This paper studies extortion of firms operating in legal sectors by a profit-maximizing criminal organization. We develop a simple principal-agent model under asymmetric information to find the Mafia-optimal extortion as a function of firms' observable characteristics, namely size and sector. We test the predictions of the model on a unique dataset on extortion in Sicily, the Italian region where the most powerful criminal organization, the Mafia, operates. In line with our theoretical model, our empirical findings show that extortion is strongly concave in firm's size and highly regressive. The percentage of profits appropriated by Mafia ranges from 40% for small firms to 2% for large firm…