Search results for "Origins"

showing 10 items of 33 documents

The legal origin of income inequality

2014

The legal origin movement is implicitly functionalist, while it explicitly prioritizes economic dimensions of development. From this perspective, the empirical findings presented in this paper seem to uncover the existence of a paradox. On the one hand, common law countries are apparently characterized by countless advantages, yet they do not grow faster than civil law countries. On the other hand, common law countries present a more unequal distribution of income, thus suggesting that also from a static perspective there is no a priori reason to prefer a common law system. To further investigate this paradox, we analyze if common law countries are at least characterized by a better kind (e…

Inequalitybusiness.industryCommon lawmedia_common.quotation_subjectEconomics Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous)Perspective (graphical)Developing countryDistribution (economics)International tradeDevelopmentEconomic inequalityEconomicsPositive economicsbusinessLawdeveloping countries legal origins inequality of outcome Income inequality inequality of opportunitymedia_common
researchProduct

Pig domestication and human-mediated dispersal in western Eurasia revealed through ancient DNA and geometric morphometrics.

2013

Zooarcheological evidence suggests that pigs were domesticated in Southwest Asia ∼8,500 BC. They then spread across the Middle and Near East and westward into Europe alongside early agriculturalists. European pigs were either domesticated independently or more likely appeared so as a result of admixture between introduced pigs and European wild boar. As a result, European wild boar mtDNA lineages replaced Near Eastern/Anatolian mtDNA signatures in Europe and subsequently replaced indigenous domestic pig lineages in Anatolia. The specific details of these processes, however, remain unknown. To address questions related to early pig domestication, dispersal, and turnover in the Near East, we …

MESH: Sequence Analysis DNAsequence analysisSwineSus scrofa[SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropologyinsightsshapephylogeography01 natural sciences11. SustainabilityexpansionsMESH: AnimalswildNeolithicMESH: Swineagriculture0303 health sciencesKUL-METH-ArchaeologyMESH: AsiaPig domesticationmitochondrialEuropeDomestic pigMESH: PhylogeographyAnimals DomestichistoryMESH: Molareuropewild boar010506 paleontologyKUL-CoE-CASoriginsAsialikelihoodneolithic; phylogeography; pig domestication; wild boar; animal distribution; animals; animals domestic; Asia; DNA mitochondrial; Europe; humans; molar; phylogeography; sequence analysis DNA; Sus scrofa; SwineZoologypig domesticationfarmersBiologyNeolithic.Animal Breeding and GenomicsSettore BIO/08Wild boarDNA Mitochondrial03 medical and health sciencesWild boarBronze Agebiology.animalGeneticsdomesticAnimalsHumansFokkerij en GenomicaMESH: Animals DomesticDomesticationMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsDiscoveries030304 developmental biology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMESH: Humans[SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]MESH: Animal DistributionMESH: DNA MitochondrialDNASequence Analysis DNAMolarMESH: Sus scrofaAncient DNAIron AgeWIASBiological dispersalMESH: EuropeAnimal DistributionChronology
researchProduct

Maternal and fetal genetic effects on birth weight and their relevance to cardio-metabolic risk factors

2019

AbstractBirth weight (BW) variation is influenced by fetal and maternal genetic and non-genetic factors, and has been reproducibly associated with future cardio-metabolic health outcomes. These associations have been proposed to reflect the lifelong consequences of an adverse intrauterine environment. In earlier work, we demonstrated that much of the negative correlation between BW and adult cardio-metabolic traits could instead be attributable to shared genetic effects. However, that work and other previous studies did not systematically distinguish the direct effects of an individual’s own genotype on BW and subsequent disease risk from indirect effects of their mother’s correlated genoty…

MaleNetherlands Twin Register (NTR)LD SCORE REGRESSIONBirth Weight/geneticsPhysiologyGenome-wide association studyBLOOD-PRESSUREBlood PressureType 2 diabetesDISEASEFetal Development0302 clinical medicineModelsPregnancyRisk FactorsGenotypeBirth Weightmaternal genetic030212 general & internal medicineMaternal-Fetal Exchange0303 health sciencesBody Height/genetics1184 Genetics developmental biology physiologyHeart Diseases/etiologySingle NucleotideASSOCIATIONMetabolic Diseases/etiology3. Good healthType 2/etiologyMENDELIAN RANDOMIZATIONGROWTH/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingFemaleMaternal InheritanceMaternal Inheritance/geneticsAdultBlood Pressure/geneticsHeart DiseasesOffspringBirth weightcardio-metabolic health outcomesBiologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2/etiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideArticle03 medical and health sciencesGeneticMetabolic DiseasesSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingDiabetes mellitusMendelian randomizationGeneticsmedicineDiabetes Mellitus/dk/atira/pure/keywords/cohort_studies/netherlands_twin_register_ntr_HumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseasePolymorphism030304 developmental biologyGlycemicPregnancyFetusIDENTIFICATIONModels GeneticInfant NewbornInfantbirth weightDIABETES-MELLITUSmedicine.diseaseNewbornFetal Development/geneticsBody HeightMaternal-Fetal Exchange/geneticsLIFEBlood pressureDiabetes Mellitus Type 2ORIGINSInstitut für Ernährungswissenschaft030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGenome-Wide Association Study
researchProduct

Subalternità e filosofia della storia. Appunti sul carteggio Marx-Zasulič

2021

this article proposes, through the Gramscian political-pedagogical category of subalternity, a reading of the brief exchange of letters at the beginning of 1881 between Karl Marx and Vera Zasulič, a russian revolutionary militant at that time member of the populist group Čërnyj peredel (black repartition), on an issue of great importance for the russian socialist movement: the obščina, or that specific form of common ownership of land by russian peasants. to this end, it is necessary to analyze the chapter XXiV of the first book of Capital, in which Marx outlines the historical genesis of capitalism in Western europe and, in particular, in england, through the phenomenon of «the so-called o…

Marxism Subaltern Studies origins of capitalism Gramsci determinismSettore M-FIL/03 - Filosofia MoraleSettore M-FIL/06 - Storia Della FilosofiaSettore M-PED/01 - Pedagogia Generale E Sociale
researchProduct

The long-term consequences of the global 1918 influenza pandemic: A systematic analysis of 117 IPUMS international census data sets

2017

Several country-level studies, including a prominent one for the United States, have identified long-term effects of in-utero exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic (also known as the Spanish Flu) on economic outcomes in adulthood. In-utero conditions are theoretically linked to adult health and socioeconomic status through the fetal origins or Barker hypothesis. Historical exposure to the Spanish Flu provides a natural experiment to test this hypothesis. Although the Spanish Flu was a global phenomenon, with around 500 million people infected worldwide, there exists no comprehensive global study on its long-term economic effects. We attempt to close this gap by systematically analyzing 11…

Natural experiment33061003 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0502 economics and businessddc:330030212 general & internal medicineddc:610Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaften050207 economicsFetal Origins HypothesisRobustness (economics)Socioeconomic statusAdult healthI1505 social sciencesN30Publication biasInfluenza pandemicCensusO57Term (time)3. Good healthGeographyDemographic economics1918 Influenza PandemicSpanish FluSpanish Flu -- 1918 Influenza Pandemic -- Fetal Origins Hypothesis
researchProduct

Genetic variability and evolutionary analysis of parietaria mottle virus: role of selection and genetic exchange

2015

[EN] The genetic variability and evolution of parietaria mottle virus (PMoV) of the genus Ilarvirus was studied by analyzing nucleotide sequences of 2b and CP genes from isolates collected in different countries. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PMoV isolates clustered in different clades: one (clade I) composed of only Italian isolates and three clades (clades II-IV) including the Spanish isolates. The Greek isolate GrT-1 used in this study was in clade IV for the CP phylogenetic tree whereas it formed a separate branch in the 2b phylogenetic tree. The nucleotide sequence diversity of both the 2b and CP genes was low (0.062 +/- A 0.006 and 0.063 +/- A 0.006 for 2b and CP, respectively) bu…

Nonsynonymous substitutionRNA virusesPopulation geneticsMovementMolecular Sequence DataPopulation geneticsBiologyIlarvirusTomatoEvolution MolecularPhylogeneticsVirologyRatesGenetic variationMosaic virusSequencePRODUCCION VEGETALGenetic variabilityOriginsCladePhylogenyPlant DiseasesIlarvirusGeneticsCoat proteinPhylogenetic treeparietaria mottle virus genetic exchange evolutionary analysisGenetic VariationSettore AGR/12 - Patologia VegetaleMICROBIOLOGIAGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationVirologyBiological EvolutionRecombinationParietariaCapsid Proteins
researchProduct

Cultural institutions as agents of urban and community regeneration in the (post-)pandemic city. The case of the «Laboratorio Zen Insieme» in Palermo

2022

Although all cities in the world have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, its impacts on the territories, yet to be understood, are unevenly distributed, revealing extremely varied imbalances depending on the places. However, it is clear that the virus and its variants have aggravated pre-existing socio-spatial inequalities, creating new ones and bringing attention back to those implications between space, planning, public health and citizenship that are at the origins of contemporary urbanism. In a reference framework in which the crisis is globalized but unequal and in the absence of a welfare system capable of responding to the urgencies of the most marginalized social contexts and g…

Olsen 2018Settore ICAR/21 - UrbanisticaSettore M-GGR/01 - GeografiaSacco and Blessi 2009). In the current (post-) pandemic context and through the lens of a southern European perspective the purpose of this article is to critically reflect about the role of culture as possible vehicle of urban and community regeneration. In particular we will focus on the activities of the no profit organization «Laboratorio Zen Insieme» in ZEN2 one of the last large popular and peripheral neighborhoods built in Palermo at the end of 80s in order to explore and understand how cultural practices work as agent of urban and social transformation capable of addressing emerging issues especially in the pandemic scenario we are experiencing. Thecasestudy has been conducted through analysis of documents participative observations (Honer and Hitzler 2015) and qualitative in-depth interviews with key actors involved in the conception organization and management of the activities carried out by Laboratorio Zen Insieme with representatives of local institutions and non-formal conversations with participants of the workshops heldin the neighborhood. The experience we narrate finds that cultural practices have re-conceptualized their design and functions as strategies of urban and community regeneration and at the same time have contributed to answer to emergent issues in developing proximity and local based strategies facing up to problems inherent civil rights educationalpoverty socio-spatial justice and have changed the image and identity of urban places they inhabit.In this sense the research provides a framework for development of strategies and legitimization for cultural practices and a point of discussionabouttheirrolein urban development.Although all cities in the world have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic its impacts on the territories yet to be understood are unevenly distributed revealing extremely varied imbalances depending on the places. However it is clear that the virus and its variants have aggravated pre-existing socio-spatial inequalities creating new ones and bringing attention back to those implications between space planning public health and citizenship that are at the origins of contemporary urbanism. In a reference framework in which the crisis is globalized but unequal and in the absence of a welfare system capable of responding to the urgencies of the most marginalized social contexts and groups a response to the new social and individual needs has been offered by cultural institutions that play a role of territorial agency often independently or in the absence of political institutions. Far from the idea of entertainment and divertissement it is in fact increasingly clear how the practices of cultural innovation experimenting with various forms of action and participation can in some cases play a fundamental role in the processes of social cohesion and community building representing an antidote to the worsening of the phenomena of marginalization and socio-spatial inequalities within cities and territories (Colantonio and Dixon 2011
researchProduct

El arte de los cazadores y recolectores del Paleolítico superior

2001

Si atendemos a criterios tales como el número de conjuntos parietales conocidos, la amplitud de periodos artísticos en ellos representados, o el número de yacimientos que han proporcionado evidencias artísticas, el ámbito valenciano no destaca especialmente en el panorama peninsular. Incluso resultaría pobre al compararlo con el arte parietal paleolítico de Andalucía. En realidad, el mapa de situación de los yacimientos citados en este apartado ofrece una reducida dispersión de puntos, con notables vacíos geográficos, que queda francamente por debajo de las concentraciones que caracterizan algunas zonas de la región cantábrica o de Francia. Sin embargo, uno de los yacimientos de la zona val…

Paleolithic art rock art and Paleolithic ArtMediterranean prehistoryModern human originsPrehistoric ArtUNESCO::HISTORIA::Ciencias auxiliares de la historia::Arqueología:HISTORIA::Ciencias auxiliares de la historia::Arqueología [UNESCO]
researchProduct

Charles Nodier et la linguistique des origines

2014

International audience; Du point de vue de l'histoire des idées, Charles Nodier occupe une position doublement importante. Il est l'auteur du premier livre en français contenant le mot « linguistique » dans le titre et il est le premier président de cet Institut des Langues qui, le 21 décembre 1839, deviendra la première « Société de Linguistique » française. Si on s'en tenait à ce critère strictement lexicologique, on ne manquerait donc pas d'arguments pour affirmer que Nodier a joué un rôle clé dans l'apparition de la linguistique en France. Peu de linguistes accepteraient pourtant aujourd'hui de souscrire à une pareille affirmation. Pour la plupart d'entre eux, la linguistique ne se mani…

Symbolisme phonétiqueLanguage originsOrigine de la linguistiqueIconicitéThéorie imitative[SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics[ SHS.HISPHILSO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/History Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History Philosophy and Sociology of SciencesIconicity Linguistics[SHS.HISPHILSO] Humanities and Social Sciences/History Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences[ SHS.LANGUE ] Humanities and Social Sciences/LinguisticsSound Symbolism[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/LinguisticsHistoire des idées linguistiquesHistory of LinguisticsOrigine du langage
researchProduct

La cattedrale di Palermo

2015

Il volume ripercorre le principali vicende architettoniche della cattedrale di Palermo dalle origini fino al Novecento, individuandone nella sua complessa storia plurisecolare i committenti, gli artefici e i modelli di riferimento.

The study focuses on the major architectural events of the Cathedral of Palermo from its origins up to the twentieth century; identifying in its complex history; the patronage; the architects and the architectural models.The study focuses on the major architectural events of the Cathedral of Palermo from its origins up to the twentieth century identifying in its complex history the patronage the architects and the architectural models.The study focuses on the major architectural events of the Cathedral of Palermo from its origins up to the twentieth centurythe patronagethe architects and the architectural modelsidentifying in its complex historySettore ICAR/18 - Storia Dell'Architettura
researchProduct