Search results for "Ostas"

Role of glutathione in Thiobencarb resistance in the European eel Anguilla anguilla.

2000

Glutathione-dependent defense against xenobiotic toxicity is a multifaceted phenomenon that has been well characterized in mammals. In the present study, eels of species Anguilla anguilla were exposed to 15 ppm of the herbicide thiobencarb (S-4-chlorobenzyl diethylthiocarbamate) for 96 h. Eels exposed to the pesticide were grouped in 24-h intervals according to their time of death, while surviving intoxicated eels constituted another group (live animals). Glutathione content (GSx, GSH, GSSG) was determined in liver and muscle tissues of the dead and live (intoxicated) animals and compared to control values (nonexposed eels). The fish that died before 96 h of exposure were considered suscept…

2015

The melanocortin system is one of the most important neuronal pathways involved in the regulation of food intake and is probably the best characterized. Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expressing neurons located in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus are the key elements of this system. These two neuronal populations are sensitive to circulating molecules and receive many excitatory and inhibitory inputs from various brain areas. According to sensory and metabolic information they integrate, these neurons control different aspects of feeding behavior and orchestrate autonomic responses aimed at maintaining energy homeostasis. Interestingly, composition and a…

Elevated cortisol modulates hsp70 and hsp90 gene expression and protein in sea bass head kidney and isolated leukocytes

2012

In fish, interactions between Hsps and cortisol are involved in stress modulated physiological processes including innate immune responses. Cortisol exerts a role in the regulation of Hsps synthesis. Fish head kidney is a lymphomieloid and endocrine organ releasing cortisol, and it is the central organ for immune-endocrine interactions. In sea bass, cortisol intraperitoneal injection and in vitro treatment of head kidney cells show that inducible Hsp70 and Hsp90 are modulated by this hormone. However, an inverse relationship between mRNA expression (real-time PCR) and Hsp70 and Hsp90 protein levels (densitometric band analysis) was found. Time-course assays indicate a cortisol-mediated regu…

Glial Chloride Homeostasis Under Transient Ischemic Stress

2021

High water permeabilities permit rapid adjustments of glial volume upon changes in external and internal osmolarity, and pathologically altered intracellular chloride concentrations ([Cl–]int) and glial cell swelling are often assumed to represent early events in ischemia, infections, or traumatic brain injury. Experimental data for glial [Cl–]int are lacking for most brain regions, under normal as well as under pathological conditions. We measured [Cl–]int in hippocampal and neocortical astrocytes and in hippocampal radial glia-like (RGL) cells in acute murine brain slices using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy with the chloride-sensitive dye MQAE at room temperature. We observed s…

Impact of

2018

Drosophila melanogaster has been for over a century the model of choice of several neurobiologists to decipher the formation and development of the nervous system as well as to mirror the pathophysiological conditions of many human neurodegenerative diseases. The rare disease Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA) is not an exception. Since the isolation of the responsible gene more than two decades ago, the analysis of the fly orthologue has proven to be an excellent avenue to understand the development and progression of the disease, to unravel pivotal mechanisms underpinning the pathology and to identify genes and molecules that might well be either disease biomarkers or promising targets for therap…

24S-hydroxycholesterol and cholesterol-24S-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) in the retina: from cholesterol homeostasis to pathophysiology of glaucoma.

2011

http://www.sciencedirect.com/; International audience; Free cholesterol is the predominant form of cholesterol in the neural retina. The vertebrate neural retina exhibits its own capacity to synthesize cholesterol and meets its demand also by taking it from the circulation. Defects in cholesterol synthesis and trafficking in the neural retina has detrimental consequences on its structure and function, highlighting the crucial importance of maintaining cholesterol homeostasis in the retina. Our purpose was to give a review on the functioning of the retina, the role of cholesterol and cholesterol metabolism therein, with special emphasis on cholesterol-24S-hydroxylase (CYP46A1). Similar to th…

In vivo consequences of cholesterol-24s-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) inhibition by voriconazole on cholesterol homeostasis and function in the rat retina

2011

Cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) converts cholesterol into 24S-hydroxycholesterol in neurons and participates in cholesterol homeostasis in the central nervous system, including the retina. We aimed to evaluate the consequences of CYP46A1 inhibition by voriconazole on cholesterol homeostasis and function in the retina. Rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of voriconazole (60mg/kg), minocycline (22mg/kg), voriconazole plus minocycline, or vehicle during five consecutive days. The rats were submitted to electroretinography to monitor retinal functionality. Cholesterol and 24S-hydroxycholesterol were measured in plasma, brain and retina by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. T…

1,4 dihidropiridinski derivati povećavaju ekspresiju gena Psma3, Psmb5 i Psmc6 u glasničkoj RNA štakora

2021

The ubiquitin-proteasome system modifies different cellular and protein functions. Its dysregulation may lead to disrupted proteostasis associated with multiple pathologies and aging. Pharmacological regulation of proteasome functions is already an important part of the treatment of several diseases. 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives possess different pharmacological activities, including antiaging and neuroprotective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of several 1,4-DHP derivatives on mRNA expression levels of proteasomal genes Psma3, Psmb5, and Psmc6 in several organs of rats. Rats were treated with metcarbatone, etcarbatone, glutapyrone, styrylcarbatone, AV-153…

Hemostasia en Cirugía Periapical

2020

Introducción: La cirugía periapical es un procedimiento quirúrgico que permite la eliminación de una lesión periapical, conservando el diente causal, en aquellos casos en los que el tratamiento no quirúrgico no está indicado. El objetivo de la cirugía periapical es conseguir la regeneración tisular alrededor del ápice del diente, para ello, es necesario realizar el legrado apical del tejido patológico, la resección apical y la obturación retrógrada. Un adecuado control del sangrado es esencial en cirugía periapical, ya que mejora la visión en el campo quirúrgico, minimiza el tiempo operatorio, facilita la preparación de la cavidad retrógrada y es indispensable para la colocación y fraguado …

Efectos de la sobreexpresión de transportadores de cobre de alta afinidad tipo CTR en Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Arabidopsis thaliana y Oryza sativa

2019

En el presente trabajo se ha estudiado el efecto que tiene la desregulación de la entrada de Cu+ mediante la alteración y sobreexpresión de transportadores de cobre de alta afinidad, tipo Ctr en tres organismos: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Arabidopsis thaliana y Oryza sativa. Los resultados obtenidos confirman que las homeostasis del cobre y del hierro están relacionadas, ya que la alteración de la entrada de Cu+ en las células afecta a diferentes aspectos de la percepción y el transporte de hierro. En el caso de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, se ha comprobado que la falta de control en la entrada de cobre en la cepa mutante CTR1Δ300 provoca cambios en la expresión de genes como los que codifican …