Search results for "Osteoblasts"
showing 10 items of 115 documents
Stanozolol promotes osteogenic gene expression and apposition of bone mineral in vitro
2018
Abstract Stanozolol (ST) is a synthetic androgen with high anabolic potential. Although it is known that androgens play a positive role in bone metabolism, ST action on bone cells has not been sufficiently tested to support its clinical use for bone augmentation procedures. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of ST on osteogenic activity and gene expression in SaOS-2 cells. Material and Methods: SaOS-2 deposition of mineralizing matrix in response to increasing doses of ST (0-1000 nM) was evaluated through Alizarin Red S and Calcein Green staining techniques at 6, 12 and 24 days. Gene expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), vitamin D receptor (VDR), osteopon…
Phenolic Compounds in Extra Virgin Olive Oil Stimulate Human Osteoblastic Cell Proliferation.
2016
In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of phenolic compounds and extracts from different extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) varieties obtained from fruits of different ripening stages on osteoblast cells (MG-63) proliferation. Cell proliferation was increased by hydroxytyrosol, luteolin, apigenin, p-coumaric, caffeic, and ferulic acids by approximately 11-16%, as compared with controls that were treated with one vehicle alone, while (+)-pinoresinol, oleuropein, sinapic, vanillic acid and derivative (vanillin) did not affect cell proliferation. All phenolic extracts stimulated MG-63 cell growth, and they induced higher cell proliferation rates than individual compounds. The most effective…
SNPs in bone-related miRNAs are associated with the osteoporotic phenotype
2017
AbstractBiogenesis and function of microRNAs can be influenced by genetic variants in the pri-miRNA sequences leading to phenotypic variability. This study aims to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) affecting the expression levels of bone-related mature microRNAs and thus, triggering an osteoporotic phenotype. An association analysis of SNPs located in pri-miRNA sequences with bone mineral density (BMD) was performed in the OSTEOMED2 cohort (n = 2183). Functional studies were performed for assessing the role of BMD-associated miRNAs in bone cells. Two SNPs, rs6430498 in the miR-3679 and rs12512664 in the miR-4274, were significantly associated with femoral neck BMD. Further, we…
Wnt1 is an Lrp5-independent bone-anabolic Wnt ligand.
2018
Wnt signaling is important for proper embryonic development, shaping cell fate and migration, stem cell renewal, and organ and tissue formation. Here, Luther et al. investigated the role of Wnt1 in osteoporosis. Patients with early-onset osteoporosis and with WNT1 mutations had low bone turnover and high fracture rates, and loss of Wnt1 activity caused fracture and osteoporosis in mice. Inducing Wnt1 in bone-forming cells increased bone mass in aged mice, and this process did not require Lrp5, a co-receptor involved in Wnt signaling. This study identifies Wnt1 as an anabolic (bone building) factor and suggests that it might be a therapeutic target for osteoporosis.WNT1 mutations in humans a…
Isoquercitrin and polyphosphate co-enhance mineralization of human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells via separate activation of two RUNX2 cofactors AFT6 a…
2014
Isoquercitrin, a dietary phytoestrogen, is a potential stimulator of bone mineralization used for prophylaxis of osteoporotic disorders. Here we studied the combined effects of isoquercitrin, a cell membrane permeable 3-O-glucoside of quercetin, and polyphosphate [polyP], a naturally occurring inorganic polymer inducing bone formation, on mineralization of human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. Both compounds isoquercitrin and polyP induce at non-toxic concentrations the mineralization process of SaOS-2 cells. Co-incubation experiments revealed that isoquercitrin (at 0.1 and 0.3μM), if given simultaneously with polyP (as Ca(2+) salt; at 3, 10, 30 and 100μM) amplifies the mineralization-enhanci…
Biocompatibility of various collagen membranes in cultures of human PDL fibroblasts and human osteoblast-like cells
2004
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of differently cross-linked collagen membranes in cultures of human PDL fibroblasts and human osteoblast-like cells. Four collagen membranes [BioGide (BG), BioMend (BM), Ossix (OS) and TutoDent (TD)] were tested. Cells plated on culture dishes (CD) served as positive controls. Six specimens of each membrane were incubated with (1) human PDL fibroblasts [2 x 10(4) cells] (n=24), and (2) human osteoblast-like cells (SaOs-2) [2 x 10(4) cells] (n=24) under standardized conditions. After 7 days, adherent cells were stained with hematoxylin and counted using a reflected light microscope and the cell density per square millimeter wa…
Evaluation of osteoblastic activity in extraction sockets treated with platelet-rich fibrin
2014
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) improved the healing of extraction sockets. Study Design: A total of 20 patients with bilateral soft tissue impacted mandibular third molars were included in this study. The left and right third molars were extracted during the same session. Subsequently, the PRF membrane was randomly administered to one of the extraction sockets, whereas the contra lateral sockets were left without treatment. On postoperative 30. and 90. days, panoramic images and bone scintigrams were taken to evaluate the bone healing between PRF-treated and non-PRF-treated sockets. Also, periodontal evaluation was performed i…
Mesenchymal stromal cells and rheumatic diseases: new tools from pathogenesis to regenerative therapies
2015
In recent years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been largely investigated and tested as a new therapeutic tool for several clinical applications, including the treatment of different rheumatic diseases. MSCs are responsible for the normal turnover and maintenance of adult mesenchymal tissues as the result of their multipotent differentiation abilities and their secretion of a variety of cytokines and growth factors. Although initially derived from bone marrow, MSCs are present in many different tissues such as many peri-articular tissues. MSCs may exert immune-modulatory properties, modulating different immune cells in both in vitro and in vivo models, and they are considered immune-…
Neutrophil‐mediated enhancement of angiogenesis and osteogenesis in a novel triple cell co‐culture model with endothelial cells and osteoblasts
2017
Repair and regeneration of critical‐sized bone defects remain a major challenge in orthopaedic and craniomaxillofacial surgery. Until now, attempts to bioengineer bone tissue have been hindered by the inability to establish proper angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the tissue construct. In the present study, we established a novel triple cell co‐culture model consisting of osteoblasts, endothelial cells, and neutrophils and conducted a systematic investigation of the effects of neutrophils on angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Neutrophils significantly increased angiogenesis in the tissue construct, evidenced by the formation of microvessel‐like structures with an extensive lattice‐like, stable t…
Differential Effects of Exercise on Tibial Shaft Marrow Density in Young Female Athletes
2013
Increased mechanical loading can promote the preferential differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblastogenesis, but it is not known whether long-term bone strength-enhancing exercise in humans can reduce marrow adiposity.Our objective was to examine whether bone marrow density (MaD), as an estimate of marrow adiposity 1) differs between young female athletes with contrasting loading histories and bone strengths and 2) is an independent predictor of bone strength at the weight-bearing tibia.Mid-tibial MaD, cortical area (CoA), total area, medullary area, strength strain index (SSI), and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) (total, endocortical, midcortical, …