Search results for "Osteoporosis."

Tomographic study of Jaw bone changes in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis

2020

Background Bisphosphonates (BP) are synthetic pyrophosphate-like substances with antiresorptive properties and specifically affect osteoclastic activity. In 2007, the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) defined diagnostic criteria for Osteonecrosis of the Jaws Associated with Bisphosponates (BRONJ). BRONJ is mainly diagnosed by clinical features, but the detection of early bone changes by imaging may help prevent and better understand the disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate maxillary changes in CBCT in patients using BP. Material and methods All included patients were diagnosed with osteonecrosis and received bisphosphonate drugs in the last ten …

Peptide-Capped Mesoporous Nanoparticles: Toward a more Efficient Internalization of Alendronate

2020

[EN] Osteoporosis is an illness which appears when the osteoblast/osteoclast activities are unbalanced taking place bone resorption (caused by osteoclasts) in higher extension than bone formation (induced by osteoblasts). Alendronate is one of the most used drugs for osteoporosis treatment despite its scarce bioavailability. Here we present the synthesis and characterization of mesoporous gated nanoparticles (two sets) for the controlled release of alendronate. The first set of nanoparticles (S1) were loaded with sulforhodamine B and capped with a peptide that could be selectively hydrolyzed by cathepsin K enzyme (overexpressed in osteoclasts). The second set (S2) was functionalized with am…

Collagen overglycosylation: a biochemical feature that may contribute to bone quality.

2005

Skeletal ability to resist mechanical stress is determined by bone amount and quality, which relies on macro- and micro-architecture, turnover, bone matrix, and mineralisation; the role of collagen has not been clearly elucidated. Numerous post-translational steps are involved in collagen type I biosynthesis, including residue hydroxylation and glycosylation catalysed by enzymes that work until the protein folds forming the triple helix; therefore, folding rate regulates these processes. Overglycosylated hydroxylysines are poor substrates for epsilon-amino group deamination which initiates cross-link formation. Three clinical conditions associated with fractures may relate collagen overglyc…

Oxidative stress in osteoarticular diseases

2016

Effect of chondroitin sulphate and glucosamine in combination in an animal model of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis

2014

Biosilica-Based Strategies for Treatment of Osteoporosis and Other Bone Diseases

2011

Osteoporosis is a common disease in later life, which has become a growing public health problem. This degenerative bone disease primarily affects postmenopausal women, but also men may suffer from reduced bone mineral density. The development of prophylactic treatments and medications of osteoporosis has become an urgent issue due to the increasing proportion of the elderly in the population. Apart from medical/hormonal treatments, current strategies for prophylaxis of osteoporosis are primarily based on calcium supplementation as a main constituent of bone hydroxyapatite mineral. Despite previous reports suggesting an essential role in skeletal growth and development, the significance of …

V?9V?2 T lymphocytes activation in osteoporotic patients treated with bisphosphonates

2014

Treatment with bisphosphonates induces differentiation and activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes obtained from peripheral blood showing also an antitumoral effect in both in vitro and in vivo models. Aim of the present study was to determine in vivo the effect of BPs treatment in patients affected with osteoporosis on Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes. We have studied Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes expansion and differentiation from PBMC obtained from osteoporotic patients treated with one of the following bisphosphonates zoledronate, alendronate, neridronate or risedronate. We have found that zoledronic acid, followed by alendronate was the most effective on reducing CM population (100%) and increasing TEM and TEMR…

Adverse reactions to the injection of face and neck aesthetic filling materials: a systematic review

2022

Adverse reactions, caused during the inflammation and healing process, or even later, can be induced by the injection of dermal filler and can present a variety of clinical and histological characteristics. In this study we aimed to review the adverse reactions associated with the injection of aesthetic filling materials in the face and neck. The review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Studies published that mentioned adverse reactions in patients with aesthetic filling materials in the face or neck were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tool. After a 2-step selection pro…

Circulating Irisin Levels as a Marker of Osteosarcopenic-Obesity in Cushing’s Disease

2020

Purpose: To evaluate circulating irisin levels in patients with active and controlled Cushing’s disease (CD). Design: Forty-four patients with CD evaluated during the active phase and after 12 months of biochemical remission and 40 controls were recruited. Methods: Phenotypic, anthropometric, hormonal and metabolic parameters, including insulin sensitivity estimation by homeostatic model of insulin resistance, Matsuda index and oral disposition index and circulating irisin levels were evaluated. Results: Patients with active CD showed lower irisin levels compared to controls (p<0.001) and controlled CD (p<0.001). The independent variables significantly associated with irisin were wais…

Pathophysiology of age-related diseases

2009

Abstract A Symposium regarding the Pathophysiology of Successful and Unsuccessful Ageing was held in Palermo, Italy on 7-8 April 2009. Three lectures from that Symposium by G. Campisi, L. Ginaldi and F. Licastro are here summarized. Ageing is a complex process which negatively impacts on the development of various bodily systems and its ability to function. A long life in a healthy, vigorous, youthful body has always been one of humanity's greatest dreams. Thus, a better understanding of the pathophysiology of age-related diseases is urgently required to improve our understanding of maintaining good health in the elderly and to program possible therapeutic intervention.