Search results for "Ovulation"
showing 10 items of 127 documents
The follicular hormonal profile in low-responder patients undergoing unstimulated cycles: is it hypoandrogenic?
2012
STUDY QUESTION What is the final hormonal milieu of pre-ovulatory follicles of low-responder (LR) patients undergoing unstimulated cycles? SUMMARY ANSWER Neither androgen secretion nor LH was impaired in pre-ovulatory follicles of LR women. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Therapies currently used to improve ovarian response in LR women have an impact on the final hormonal follicular milieu, and these changes are believed to be partially responsible for determining the success rate in these women. Surprisingly, as far as we know, there is no report of the final hormonal profile of LR women undergoing unstimulated cycles or evidence that follicular androgen secretion in LR women is impaired. STUDY DESI…
A high oocyte yield for intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment is associated with an increased chromosome error rate.
2009
Objective To compare the chromosome error rate among oocytes from stimulated ovaries after retrieval of 1–5 oocytes, 6–10 oocytes, and >10 oocytes. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting A university-based human genetic institute in collaboration with a private fertility center. Patient(s) Nine hundred thirty-three women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with a poor prognosis. Intervention(s) Oocyte collection with ovarian stimulation. Polar body testing of ICSI oocytes for common chromosome errors. Main Outcome Measure(s) Chromosome error rate in oocytes, as determined by five-color fluorescence in situ hybridization. Result(s) In women less than 35 years and women bet…
GnRH agonist versus recombinant HCG in an oocyte donation programme: a randomized, prospective, controlled, assessor-blind study.
2009
The use of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists for triggering ovulation remains controversial. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) following GnRH agonist versus recombinant human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) as methods for triggering ovulation. A second aim was to compare the clinical outcome and embryo quality according to the two procedures. The cycle characteristics of 100 oocyte donors undergoing ovarian stimulation and IVF outcomes of their 100 oocyte recipients were analysed. Donors were prospectively randomized into two groups on the last day of ovarian stimulation: Group I received a single bolus …
Concomitant gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and menotropin treatment for the synchronized induction of multiple follicles.
1988
In an effort to overcome possible interference by endogenous gonadotropin-ovarian hormone dynamics, desensitization of the pituitary gonadotropins by a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) was achieved in 12 women with repeatedly failed attempts at multiple follicular stimulation. Eight women were scheduled for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET), and 4 for gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). Stimulation failure was characterized by premature luteinization, poor estradiol (E2) response, or inadequate follicular growth. The agonist was administered by nasal spray 500 to 600 micrograms/day beginning on days 21 to 23 of the menstrual cycle. A rapid desensitizatio…
Similar endometrial development in oocyte donors treated with either high- or standard-dose GnRH antagonist compared to treatment with a GnRH agonist…
2005
Background This descriptive study evaluates the impact on endometrial development of standard and high doses of a GnRH antagonist in stimulated cycles compared with GnRH agonist and natural cycles. Methods Thirty-one oocyte donors were treated with a combination of rFSH and 0.25 mg/day ganirelix (standard dose), 2 mg/day ganirelix (high dose) or 0.6 mg/day buserelin (long protocol). Vaginal progesterone (200 mg/day) was administered in the luteal phase. Endometrial biopsies were performed 2 and 7 days after HCG administration. Additional biopsies were carried out in a subset of 12 subjects, 2 and 7 days following the LH peak of their previous natural cycle. Biopsies were evaluated histologi…
Is ovarian stimulation detrimental to the endometrium?
2007
Ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction technology produces lower implantation rates per embryo transferred than natural and ovum donation cycles, suggesting suboptimal endometrial development due to the abnormal concentrations of hormones used to recruit more oocytes. After the publication of several studies on the gene expression profile of endometrial receptivity in the natural cycle using microarray technology, researchers have investigated the impact of ovarian stimulation on the gene expression pattern of the endometrium. Ovarian stimulation cycles that use gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and antagonists have been analysed in detail during the window of implantati…
Fresh Human Orthotopic Ovarian Cortex Transplantation: Long-term Results
2006
An increasing number of young women are being diagnosed with cancer, and most cancer treatments have irreversibly negative effects on reproduction. Ovarian stimulation and preservation of oocytes or embryos is far from an ideal solution, in part because hormonal treatment may adversely affect some cancers. Another possibility is cryopreservation of ovarian tissue for later autotransplantation, but the ischemic damage caused by the procedure can lead to follicle loss. Using the ovarian medulla for orthotopic ovarian cortex transplantation might limit the risk of ischemia because the ovarian artery would assure a good blood supply. In addition, the medulla may have a role in follicular develo…
Mullarian-inhibiting substance reflects ovarian findings in women with polycystic ovary syndrome better than does inhibin-B
2005
Objective: To investigate Müllerian-inhibiting substance (MIS) levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as well as relationships to ovarian morphology, levels of inhibin B, and other reproductive hormones. Design: Prospective clinical study. Setting: Academic endocrinology centers in Palermo, Italy and New York. Patient(s): Forty-six women with PCOS, recruited on the basis of the classic criteria of chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism, and 25 age-matched ovulatory controls. Intervention(s): Fasting blood was obtained in all subjects in the early follicular phase (days 5–6) after spontaneous or induced menses (in PCOS), and transvaginal ultrasounds were performed. Main Out…
Hormonal and metabolic adaptation to fasting: effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarianaxis and reproductive performance of rabbit does
2006
To assess the impact of acute caloric shortage on reproduction, rabbit does were either fed ad libitum (control, AL), or fasted for 24 (STF) or 48 h (LTF) before induction of ovulation with GnRH injection. Blood samples were collected during the last 3 h of fasting, and the following 4 h after GnRH injection, when feed was provided again, to measure plasma concentrations of LH, estradiol-17β, leptin, insulin, T3, corticosterone, glucose, and NEFA. Before re-feeding, plasma leptin, insulin, and T3 concentrations were lower (P ≤ 0.01) in both fasted groups than in controls, but then gradually increased following realimentation to match those of controls. During fasting, corticoster…
Diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome: from NIH criteria to ESHRE-ASRM guidelines.
2004
In the past, the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was based on National Institute of Health (NIH) criteria (hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation) or on sonographic findings of polycystic ovaries. Diffe-rences in diagnosis criteria made it difficult to compare the data of studies coming from different countries. Moreover, there was criticism of both the methods used. In 2003, at a joint meeting of the European Society for Human Reproduction (ESHRE) and the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), new guidelines for the diagnosis of PCOS were suggested. According to these guidelines, it is possible to reach a diagnosis of PCOS when at least 2 of these 3 elements are …