Search results for "Oxidative"
showing 10 items of 2273 documents
In senescence accelerated mouse (SAM) heart, the protective effect of postconditioning is associated with a decrease in oxidative stress
2006
Supplément vol.27, World Congress of Cardiology 2006; International audience; The senescent heart susceptibility to ischemia (I) triggers multiple processes especially oxidative stress but precise mechanisms remain unclear. New animal’s models such as "Senescence Accelerated Mouse" Prone 8 (SAM-P8) and their control (SAM-R1) can be useful for a better understanding of aging process. We studied heart adaptation of these mice to I/reperfusion (R) sequence and a putative cardioprotector effect of post-conditioning (PC). Isolated working mice (8 months) hearts were subjected to a global total ischemia (20 minutes at 38°C), followed by 40 minutes of reperfusion. 4 groups of hearts were constitut…
Cabbage and fermented vegetables: from death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19
2021
International audience; Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1 R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance …
The inefficient aerobic energetics ofZymomonas mobilis: Identifying the bottleneck
2014
To investigate the mechanisms of Zymomonas mobilis uncoupled aerobic metabolism, growth properties of the wild-type strain Zm6 were compared to those of its respiratory mutants cytB and cydB, and the effects of the ATPase inhibitor DCCD on growth and intracellular ATP concentration were studied. The effects of the ATPase inhibitor DCCD on growth and intracellular ATP concentration strongly indicated that the apparent lack of oxidative phosphorylation in aerobically growing Z. mobilis culture might be caused by the ATP hydrolyzing activity of the H(+) -dependent ATPase in all analyzed strains. Aerobic growth yields of the mutants, and their capacity of oxidative ATP synthesis with ethanol we…
FREE RADICAL THEORY OF FRAILTY: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF FRAILTY RESULTING FROM OXIDATIVE STRESS
2018
The free radical theory of ageing provided an intellectual framework for many laboratories working on ageing. However, experimental and clinical evidence showing that high doses of antioxidants did not have an effect on ageing or on age-associated diseases, cast doubts on the validity of this theory. Data from our own laboratory showed that oxidative stress does not correlate with age, especially in the geriatric population, but rather with the frailty state. This has led us to postulate the free radical theory of frailty in which frailty is associated with oxidative stress, but age itself is not. Superoxide dismutase deficient mice are more frail than controls. But more importantly, we obs…
Food-grade argan oil supplementation in molasses enhances fermentative performance and antioxidant defenses of active dry wine yeast
2015
The tolerance of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to desiccation is important for the use of this microorganism in the wine industry, since active dry yeast (ADY) is routinely used as starter for must fermentations. Both biomass propagation and dehydration cause cellular oxidative stress, therefore negatively affecting yeast performance. Protective treatments against oxidative damage, such as natural antioxidants, may have important biotechnological implications. In this study we analysed the antioxidant capacity of pure chemical compounds (quercetin, ascorbic acid, caffeic acid, oleic acid, and glutathione) added to molasses during biomass propagation, and we determine several oxidative …
Highly Diastereoselective Michael Reaction of (S)‐Mandelic Acid Enolate. Chiral Benzoyl Carbanion Equivalent Through an Oxidative Decarboxylation of …
2002
The reaction of the lithium enolate of the 1,3-dioxolan-4-one derived from optically active (S)-mandelic acid and pivalaldehyde with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds proceeds readily to give the corresponding Michael adducts in good yields and high diastereoselectivity. Subsequent basic hydrolysis of the acetal and oxidative decarboxylation of the α-hydroxyacid moiety provides chiral 2-substituted 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds with very high enantiomeric excesses.
Oxidative Stress and Microvascular Alterations in Diabetic Retinopathy: Future Therapies
2019
Diabetes is a disease that can be treated with oral antidiabetic agents and/or insulin. However, patients’ metabolic control is inadequate in a high percentage of them and a major cause of chronic diseases like diabetic retinopathy. Approximately 15% of patients have some degree of diabetic retinopathy when diabetes is first diagnosed, and most will have developed this microvascular complication after 20 years. Early diagnosis of the disease is the best tool to prevent or delay vision loss and reduce the involved costs. However, diabetic retinopathy is an asymptomatic disease and its development to advanced stages reduces the effectiveness of treatments. Today, the recommended treatment for…
Redox and autonomic responses to acute exercise-post recovery following Opuntia ficus-indica juice intake in physically active women
2021
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate if the supplementation with Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) juice may affect plasma redox balance and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters following a maximal effort test, in young physically active women. Methods: A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled and crossover study comprising eight women (23.25 ± 2.95 years, 54.13 ± 9.05 kg, 157.75 ± 0.66 cm and BMI of 21.69 ± 0.66 kg/m2) was carried out. A juice containing OFI diluted in water and a Placebo solution were supplied (170 ml; OFI = 50 ml of OFI juice + 120 ml of water; Placebo = 170 ml beverage without Vitamin C and indicaxanthin). Participants consumed the OFI juice or Placebo…
Redox lipidomics to better understand brain aging and function
2019
Human prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a recently evolutionary emerged brain region involved in cognitive functions. Human cognitive abilities decline during aging. Yet the molecular mechanisms that sustain the preservation or deterioration of neurons and PFC functions are unknown. In this review, we focus on the role of lipids in human PFC aging. As the evolution of brain lipid concentrations is particularly accelerated in the human PFC, conferring a specific lipid profile, a brief approach to the lipidome of PFC was consider along with the relationship between lipids and lipoxidative damage, and the role of lipids in human PFC aging. In addition, the specific targets of lipoxidative damage in h…
Increased thioredoxin levels are related to insulin resistance in familial combined hyperlipidaemia
2015
BACKGROUND Thioredoxins (TRX) are major cellular protein disulphide reductases that are critical for redox regulation. Oxidative stress and inflammation play promoting roles in the genesis and progression of atherosclerosis, but until now scarce data are available considering the influence of TRX activity in familial combined hyperlipidaemia (FCH). Since FCH is associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease, the objective of the present study was to assess oxidative stress status in FCH patients, and evaluate the influence of insulin resistance (IR). MATERIALS AND METHODS A cohort of 35 control subjects and 35 non-related FCH patients were included, all of them nondiabetic, normotensiv…